Token Generation Event(代幣生成事件)標誌著一個數位資產於區塊鏈上的「誕生」時刻,將僅存在於白皮書和開發說明中的構想轉化為實際可運作、可交易的代幣。
這個看似技術性的里程碑,已成為任何區塊鏈專案生命周期中最具影響力的事件之一,往往決定了一種加密貨幣是能蓬勃發展還是默默消失。
Token Generation Event 是區塊鏈專案為募集資金及吸引早期支持者,於發佈其加密貨幣代幣時採用的一種群眾募資形式。
與傳統首次公開募股(IPO)及創投融資不同,TGE 能讓專案直接與社群連結,透過數位代幣分配所有權,代幣在生態系中可具備多元功能。
TGE 的重要性遠非單純募集資金。這類事件能奠定去中心化網路的經濟基礎,建立利害關係人一致的激勵結構,並且往往決定區塊鏈項目的長期可行性。
執行得當的 TGE 能讓項目以熱情的社群及永續的代幣經濟模式起飛;反之,操作不當則可能導致市場崩盤、監管審查甚至有潛力的技術快速消亡。
演變過程:從 ICO 到現代 TGE 框架
談論代幣生成事件的發展史,繞不開 2017 年 ICO 熱潮及其後續影響。當年以太坊區塊鏈上湧現成千上萬種新代幣,ICO 極為盛行。這一年既展現了去中心化募資的機會,也伴隨極大風險,專案一面籌集數十億美元,同時監管單位也手忙腳亂地嘗試理解此新現象。
2014 年,一次 ICO 資助了以太坊的早期開發。以太坊 ICO 成功募得約 31,000 顆比特幣(當時值約 1,800 萬美元),證明了區塊鏈專案能藉由代幣銷售自我資金化,無需依賴傳統創投。這一模式激勵了數以千計的仿效者,雖然鮮有達成類似成就。
ICO 與 TGE 之間的區隔日益明顯。兩者目標雖然相似,但 TGE 通常聚焦於公用型代幣的生成與發行,這些代幣設計來於平台內作特定用途,如獲取服務、參與治理、或促進交易。ICO 則常與證券型代幣發行關聯,引來更多監管壓力。
隨著加密產業成熟,為回應法規及市場需求,新的募資模式陸續誕生。去中心化交易所募資(IDO)讓項目可透過去中心化交易所推出代幣,而非集中式平台,這種途徑更為去中心化及社區導向,且無需依賴中央權威,透明性更高。
初始交易所發行(IEO)則是由中心化交易所對項目審查後協助販售代幣的形式。IEO 通常增強專案可信度,因加密交易所會在上架代幣前進行檢查。
近期趨勢則為「空投式 TGE」,專案會將代幣無償發放給在測試或成長階段曾作出貢獻的用戶。隨產業進化,越來越多專案採用空投作為替代 TGE 方針,以避開群眾募資相關監管風險。這種做法能廣泛分配代幣、避免觸法,同時完成社群導向的分發。
代幣生成事件的流程解析
要理解 TGE 的實際運作,需檢視從構想到上市所經歷的多個階段。TGE 一般包含:代幣技術創建、安全審計、代幣經濟設計、生成與分發,以及交易所上市等環節。
首先是技術面的代幣創建。開發團隊須釐定總發行量、所屬區塊鏈、遵循的代幣標準與初始分配方式。基於以太坊的代幣多採用 ERC-20 或類似標準,Solana 上則用 SPL 標準,其餘公鏈則有自家規格。
安全審計是不可或缺的步驟,負責任的項目絕不忽視。第三方安全公司會檢查智能合約程式碼,找出潛在漏洞,降低被駭、遭利用或非預期行為的風險。這雖不能完全消除所有風險,但可提供投資人與用戶一定信心。
代幣經濟設計決定了各利害關係人之間的分配與實際領取時機。須討論創辦團隊、早期投資人、社群、生態基金及未來激勵間的配置比例,分配多設有釋放時程與鎖定期。
實際生成事件發生於代幣首次於鏈上發佈時。智能合約部署與發行標示著專案生命週期的起點,這一刻可被任何人驗證,是 TGE 的公開證據。
分發方式依專案策略有所不同。有的專案公開發售,人人可按標價購買;有些則空投給特定對象。許多專案會採多元方式,根據不同群體分配不同份額。
上市於交易所則提供了流動性與價格發現。專案可選擇上架於 Binance、Coinbase 這類中心化交易所,或是 Uniswap、Raydium 等去中心化交易所。選擇交易場所牽涉可得性、市場深度及法規考量。
TGE 前的市場:代幣尚未生成即能交易?
近年一個有趣發展,是「TGE 前交易市場」的興起,投機者可在代幣正式發行前進行買賣。此類先行交易形式於 2024 年更加流行,加密市場中已出現大量事例。
預分配代幣的 P2P 交易一直常見,主要透過社群、私訊及部分中心化平台進行,這些機制往往安全性不足,使交易者易遭詐騙。Whales Market 應運而生,成為領先解決方案,利用智能合約來保障尚未公開上鏈之代幣的安全交易。
Whales Market 是頂級去中心化交易所(DEX)平台,能以無中介、全鏈上信任式操作交易預分配代幣及份額,成交量超過三億美元。平台允許取得空投或私募分配權的用戶,先賣給願意押注未來價值的買家。
其運作機制靠智能合約托管。Whales Market 利用協議和合約處理預售及 OTC 訂單,提升 TGE 前代幣的 P2P 交易安全性,無須中央管理者。賣方承諾 TGE 後交付代幣,買方資金則進入託管;待代幣分發完成,賣方收取對價。
如今該類市場日益成熟。平台設有 TGE 前交易區、適合大額無滑價的 OTC 區,並設有積分市場,能買賣從不同協議獲得、可能轉化為未來代幣的積分。
然而,預交易市場也有重大風險。回顧過去空投預售交易,成交價常遠高於正式 TGE 時的市場價格,買家因炒作與預期高價購買,但公佈後代幣價格可能大幅下滑。
中心化交易所亦進軍此領域。2025 年 4 月底,交易所 Binance 推出可透過 Binance Wallet 參加 TGE 及空投的新制 Alpha Points,用戶過去 15 天的活動可每日累積 Alpha Points,每參與 TGE 或領取空投需扣 15 分。而 2025 年 5 月 15 日,集成平台 CoinMarketCap 推出聚焦未發行代幣專案的 TGE 前活動平台,邀請用戶完成任務取得獎勵。
Hyperliquid 的破紀錄 TGE
若想理解成功 TGE 實際樣貌,以去中心化交易所 HyperLiquid 在 2024 年 11 月發佈的案例最具參考價值。HyperLiquid 宣布 HYPE 代幣上線並將空投給早期參與者, one billion tokens issued and 31% going to users who earned points in a campaign that ended in May.
發行十億枚代幣,其中31%分配給在五月結束的一項活動中獲得積分的用戶。
On 29 November 2024, Hyperliquid airdropped its token HYPE to over 90 thousand users, with the airdrop shocking many with how generous the token allocation was to their community and setting the tone for future crypto airdrops to come. What made this TGE remarkable was both its scale and its approach to token distribution.
2024年11月29日,Hyperliquid對超過九萬名用戶進行HYPE代幣空投,其空投慷慨的分配方式令許多人感到震驚,並為未來加密貨幣空投樹立了新標竿。這次TGE(代幣生成事件)之所以備受矚目,正因其規模與配給方式的雙重創新。
The economics were staggering. The revolutionary DeFi project distributed 310 million HYPE tokens to its community, equal to 31% of the supply, with the overall value given away amounting to over 4.3 billion dollars, placing Hyperliquid in the first position among the most epic airdrops ever. Recipients reported six-figure windfalls, with some users receiving allocations worth over $100,000 despite having incurred losses while trading on the platform.
這背後的經濟效益令人咋舌。這個革命性的DeFi專案向社群分發了3.1億枚HYPE代幣(佔總供應量的31%),總贈送價值超過43億美元,令Hyperliquid成為史上最盛大的空投之一。許多用戶回報收到六位數美金的價值,有些人在平台交易上曾遭遇虧損,卻仍獲得超過十萬美元的分配。
Several factors contributed to Hyperliquid's success. The main difference between the Hyperliquid airdrop and most other airdrops is the lack of an allocation to private investors, because Hyperliquid has no private investors and therefore were able to allocate significantly more tokens to the community. This decision proved crucial, as venture capital allocations with short vesting periods have become a major complaint about many token launches.
不只一個因素造就了Hyperliquid的成功。與市面上多數空投最大的不同點,在於Hyperliquid完全沒有分配給私募投資人,因為Hyperliquid根本沒有私募投資人,因此能將大量代幣分配給社群。這個決定極為關鍵,因為風投短期解鎖分配已成多數代幣發行的主要爭議之一。
In total, 76.2% of the token supply is earmarked for the community with team members being vested for at least 1 year after token genesis. This contrasted sharply with projects that allocate only 5-10% to the community while reserving large portions for insiders with shorter vesting schedules.
總體來看,有76.2%的代幣供應量保留給社群成員,創辦團隊的持有部分則需在TGE後至少鎖定一年。這與那些僅分配5-10%給社群、反而讓內部人士以短期解鎖取得巨量代幣的專案形成鮮明對比。
The token's performance post-TGE defied typical patterns. Airdropped tokens usually decline in value after the initial airdrop as airdrop farmers sell their allocation to realize their profits, but this was not the case with Hyperliquid. Instead, HYPE surged from its initial price, with the token appreciating over 500% in the months following the TGE.
TGE後該代幣價格走勢,打破了一般慣例。通常空投代幣在發放初期會因空投農民拋售套利而大跌,但Hyperliquid則完全相反。HYPE從初始價格一路飆升,在TGE後數月內漲幅超過500%。
Choi, an analyst at Greythorn Asset Management, noted that one of the main things Hyperliquid got right was creating short-term artificial demand by not having VCs, which forces them to buy the moment the token comes to market along with everyone else. This created immediate buying pressure rather than selling pressure from early investors looking to exit.
Greythorn Asset Management分析師Choi指出,Hyperliquid成功之處在於完全不設VC,讓市場在代幣上市時所有人都必須一同進場買入,形成短期的非自然買盤,取代了一般VC早期投資人上線即賣出的賣壓。
The success wasn't purely about distribution mechanics. Hyperliquid had built genuine product-market fit before its TGE. The platform processed over 50,000 trades in one day and saw user adoption grow by 150% in just six months, with over 10,000 active daily trades. This meant token recipients weren't just speculators but actual users invested in the platform's success.
這次成功並非只因分配機制。Hyperliquid在TGE前已經建立起實質的產品市場契合:平台單日成交超過五萬筆,僅半年內用戶增長達150%,每日活躍交易數也超過萬次。這代表領取代幣的不是純粹投機者,而是真正參與且關心平台發展的用戶。
Grass Network's Mass Distribution
While Hyperliquid focused on rewarding quality users, Grass Network demonstrated a different approach focused on mass distribution. The first airdrop of Grass Tokens occurred on October 28, 2024, during which 100,000,000 tokens were airdropped to more than 2,000,000 Grass users.
相較於Hyperliquid專注於獎勵優質用戶,Grass Network顯示出另一種大規模分配策略。2024年10月28日,Grass進行首次代幣空投,將一億枚代幣空投給超過兩百萬名用戶。
Grass operates as a decentralized physical infrastructure network that allows users to monetize unused internet bandwidth. Having secured $4.5 million in seed funding led by Polychain Capital and Tribe Capital in December 2023, Grass positioned itself as a key player in democratizing AI development. Users install a browser extension or desktop application that shares their bandwidth with vetted partners, earning points that convert to tokens.
Grass是一個去中心化的實體基礎設施網路,讓用戶可將閒置網路頻寬變現。2023年12月,Grass獲得Polychain Capital及Tribe Capital領投的450萬美元種子輪融資,定位為推動AI開發民主化的要角。用戶安裝瀏覽器擴充套件或桌面應用程式,將頻寬分享給審核過的合作夥伴,即可累積積分,最終兌換為代幣。
The Grass TGE became notable for its scale. The initial stage of the Grass airdrop concluded with remarkable success, becoming the most widely distributed airdrop on Solana with 2.8 million users across 190 countries. This massive distribution created immediate awareness but also posed challenges around token concentration and market liquidity.
Grass TGE以其規模聞名。首輪空投便大獲成功,成為Solana生態中覆蓋最廣的空投,觸及全球190國、280萬名用戶。如此大規模的發放雖帶來高度關注,也引發代幣集中度和市場流動性等挑戰。
The Grass tokenomics structure allocated 30% to the community, 25.2% to investors who supported development and liquidity, 22% to developers and partners collectively called contributors, 22.8% to foundation and ecosystem growth, and 17% to future incentives. This relatively balanced distribution avoided the extreme VC concentration that plagued many projects.
Grass的代幣經濟分配:30%分配給社群,25.2%給支持開發和流動性的投資人,22%分配給開發者和合作夥伴(統稱貢獻者),22.8%留給基金會及生態發展,17%預留未來激勵。這種相對均衡的分配避免了極端VC集中化的弊病。
Token performance showed volatility typical of broad airdrops. According to CoinGecko, the trading volume of Grass as of 08th November 2024 was $680,730,293, with the highest price for Grass at that time being $3.31 recorded on 08th November 2024, which was 406.86% higher than the all-time low of $0.655 on 28th October 2024. This price action reflected both the excitement around the TGE and the selling pressure from millions of airdrop recipients.
代幣價格表現出典型大規模空投的波動性。根據CoinGecko資料,截至2024年11月8日,Grass交易量為6億8073萬美元,該日最高價達3.31美元,較10月28日歷史新低0.655美元漲幅高達406.86%。這一波行情反映出TGE熱潮及數百萬空投用戶的賣壓。
Tokenomics and Vesting: The Economic Architecture
The design of token economics and vesting schedules represents one of the most critical aspects of any TGE, often determining whether a token maintains value or crashes shortly after launch. Many projects have been burned in the past, with core team members and early backers prematurely selling their tokens or dumping on the community.
設計合理的代幣經濟學(Tokenomics)及解鎖機制(Vesting)是任何TGE成敗的關鍵之一,經常決定代幣上市後能否維持價值還是迅速崩盤。過去有許多專案慘敗,皆因核心團隊或早期支持者提前拋售代幣,導致社群受害。
Premature selling usually happens because projects either involve stakeholders who only want to make a quick buck or don't implement token vesting schedules and lockups to prevent early sell-offs. This realization has led to increasingly sophisticated vesting mechanisms designed to align long-term incentives.
提前拋售通常源於早期利益相關人只是想快速套利,加上若專案未設適當的解鎖及鎖倉機制,就會導致早期拋售。對此的反思也促使機制日益成熟,意在讓各方利益與長期發展目標一致。
Token allocation determines what percentage of the total supply goes to different stakeholder groups. Common stakeholder groups include the founding team, investors, community, reserves, and the ecosystem, with each allocation following a distribution model and strategy that supports token stability, project growth, and equitable ownership.
代幣分配決定了總供應量中,各利益群體可獲多少比例。常見群體包括創始團隊、投資人、社群、儲備金、以及整體生態系,每種分配背後都有助於穩定代幣價格、推動項目發展與維持公平持有的邏輯。
Vesting schedules control when allocated tokens become accessible. Token vesting refers to the process by which cryptocurrency tokens are released over a predetermined schedule rather than being made available all at once, commonly used in blockchain projects to align the interests of team members, investors, and other stakeholders with the project's long-term goals.
解鎖(Vesting)進度決定已分配代幣何時可動用。簡單來說,就是使代幣依事先設定的時間表分批釋放,而非一次解鎖完畢。這是區塊鏈專案用來讓團隊、投資人等利益相關人與項目長期目標一致的主要手段。
The most common approach involves cliff periods and linear vesting. The most frequently implemented approach is the 4-year vesting schedule with a one-year cliff, where if an employee receives 1,200 tokens, they would receive nothing during the first year, then after completing one full year they would immediately receive 300 tokens (25% of the total allocation), with the remaining 900 tokens vesting gradually at a rate of 25 tokens per month over the following three years.
最常見設計包含冷凍期(cliff)與線性解鎖。最多人採用的是四年解鎖、首年冷凍的架構,即舉例說明,一位員工獲得1200枚代幣,前一年一枚無法使用,滿一年後一次領取300枚(25%),接著後三年每月線性釋放25枚,直到完全解鎖。
Lockup periods serve a similar but distinct function. Token lockup defines a period where the tokens cannot be sold or transferred, preventing selling but without employment conditions where tokens would be returned. Both mechanisms aim to reduce immediate selling pressure and demonstrate long-term commitment.
鎖倉(Lockup)其實作用接近但略有不同。鎖倉即在一定期間禁止買賣或轉讓,減少賣壓,但通常不強制返還。無論解鎖還是鎖倉,皆為降低短期賣壓、展現長期承諾的重要機制。
The importance of well-designed vesting cannot be overstated. The primary goal behind implementing these mechanisms is to prevent early dumping, when individuals with large token allocations sell them quickly, potentially harming the project's market stability and investor confidence. Projects that fail to implement adequate vesting often see dramatic price collapses as insiders rush to liquidate their holdings.
好的解鎖計畫非常重要。其主要目的即是防止大型持有人提前拋售,造成價格嚴重下滑,危及專案穩定與投資者信心。缺乏妥善解鎖的項目,常在初期就因持有人搶賣而崩盤。
Float size represents another crucial consideration. Tokens with a low float are highly susceptible to large price swings, as with fewer tokens available for trading, even minor buy or sell orders can cause significant price changes. Projects launching with only 5-10% of supply in circulation face extreme volatility, while those releasing larger percentages may face more immediate selling pressure but potentially more stable price discovery.
流通比例(Float size)也是關鍵因素。流通量低的代幣,幾乎任何大單都會導致劇烈波動。若只有5-10%流通,波動極大;反之,發行較高比例雖有更多即時賣壓,但較易實現真實價格。
Fully diluted valuation provides a reality check on token prices. A project's FDV is calculated by multiplying the token price by the total supply, giving an estimate of the potential market cap when all tokens are in circulation, and if a project's FDV seems too good to be true, it probably is. Many recent TGEs have launched at FDVs that would require them to surpass established cryptocurrencies in market cap, suggesting overvaluation.
完全稀釋估值(FDV)則是估算幣價現實的重要指標。FDV是將現價乘以總供應量,推算全部代幣流通後的最大市值。若FDV看起來超乎現實,很可能就是高估。許多新TGE專案的FDV甚至高出主流幣種,顯示市場定價過熱。
Legal and Regulatory Considerations
The regulatory landscape surrounding TGEs remains one of the most complex and uncertain aspects of cryptocurrency. Many countries are still developing regulations around TGEs, so projects and investors face potential legal risks, with one major concern being that tokens created during a public fundraising TGE may construe the launched token as a security in many jurisdictions, notably the US.
TGE的法規環境仍是加密貨幣領域中最複雜且不確定的一環。許多國家還在制定TGE相關法規,導致團隊與投資人面臨不小的法律風險,尤其最大爭議是,在公開募資TGE中發行的代幣,可能被多數法域(尤其美國)視為證券。
The securities question looms largest. In the United States, the Securities and Exchange Commission has taken an aggressive stance toward token offerings, applying the Howey Test to determine whether tokens constitute investment contracts and thus securities. This test finds that an investment contract exists when there is the investment of money in a common enterprise with a reasonable expectation of profits to be derived from the efforts of others.
證券認定問題至關重要。在美國,證券交易委員會(SEC)對代幣發行立場嚴格,採用Howey測試判斷是否為投資合約(證券)。這包括:投入資金於共同事業,並合理預期由他人努力獲得收益。
Simple Agreements for Future Tokens emerged as an attempt to navigate these regulatory challenges. A Simple Agreement for Future Tokens allows blockchain startups to raise funds from accredited investors before token launch, navigating regulatory challenges and helping avoid token classification as securities if they have utility. The theory holds that while the SAFT itself is a security, tokens delivered after a network becomes functional might qualify as utility tokens exempt from securities regulation.
「未來代幣簡單協議」(SAFT)正是在這種監管挑戰下誕生。SAFT允許區塊鏈新創在發幣前,先向合格投資人集資,若代幣具實用性,能協助避免被界定為證券。理論上,SAFT本身屬證券,但網路真正啟動、交付代幣時,若具備功能性,則可免於證券監管。
However, courts have been skeptical of this distinction. In a much-anticipated decision with important implications for the cryptocurrency industry, a New York federal judge ruled that an offeror's use of a two-stage SAFT structure for issuing cryptocurrency tokens will not suffice to exempt the offering from the reach of US securities law. The Telegram and Kik cases demonstrated that courts look at the economic reality
然而,法院對這個區分一向持懷疑態度。在一項對加密貨幣產業影響重大的判決中,紐約聯邦法官裁定,即便發行方使用雙階段SAFT架構來發行加密貨幣,也不足以讓該發行行為免於美國證券法監管。Telegram與Kik案件均顯示出,法院更重視實質經濟效果。整個交易的實質內容,而非其形式結構。
隨著 SEC 持續在美國法院對多家加密公司展開法律行動,全球其他國家也在考慮加密代幣是否屬於證券的性質,越來越多新創公司開始尋找其他融資方式,以迴避目前浮現的相關問題。這種監管上的不確定性,已經推動許多項目選擇基於空投的 TGE(代幣生成事件),藉此避免直接銷售給美國人。
全球監管的情勢差異極大。雖然美國採取了較為嚴格的監管方式,其他司法管轄區則制定了較細緻的監管架構,例如歐盟的 MiCA(加密資產市場法規),這提供了相對完整的規範,未來甚至可能影響美國政策走向。每個專案都必須在不同國家交錯複雜的法規中謹慎導航,各自面臨不同的要求與限制。
合規要求不僅限於證券法。進行 TGE 的專案還須考量反洗錢法規、了解客戶 (KYC) 要求、制裁篩查、稅務義務及資料隱私法規。進行 SAFT 輪次的財務合規事項包括需要驗證簽署 SAFT 並進行交易的投資人身分,以及通過了解您的交易 (KYT) 和反洗錢審查來驗證投資資金來源。
TGE 對專案成功的影響
TGE 從根本上塑造區塊鏈專案的發展軌跡,往往決定了它們是能夠建立可持續社群還是成為警世教材。TGE 不只是創造代幣的時刻,也是打造專案經濟體系和社群的起點。
成功的 TGE 能夠讓持份者族群之間激勵對齊。當代幣分配優先給實際用戶和貢獻者而非短線投機者時,專案社群通常更為活躍投入。透過真實參與取得代幣的用戶,會更關心專案成敗,主動給予回饋、為平台宣傳,並促成網路效應。
流動性供給是一項關鍵益處。所產生的代幣成為激勵參與者的工具,可以獎勵用戶、激勵開發者,以及組織治理投票,而代幣又讓專案有機會進軍公開市場,吸納流動性與新資金。如果沒有代幣及其帶來的流動性,區塊鏈網絡很難達到成功所需的規模。
由代幣促成的治理機制,讓社群可以參與專案方向的決定。許多協議發行治理型代幣,賦予持幣人對協議參數、資金撥配與策略決策的投票權。這種去中心化治理能夠讓專案更有韌性,能夠根據社群需求調整,而非單靠創始團隊決策。
然而,執行不當的 TGE 會帶來嚴重問題。過度分配給內部人員且歸屬期過短,容易導致「砸盤」造成幣價暴跌並摧毀社群信心。當內幕人士與風投大量套現,價格會暴跌,散戶投資人則成為最後的「接盤俠」。那些只重視讓內部人士獲利、而非構建可持續生態系的專案,常常面臨社群反彈且難以復甦。
於產品尚未獲得市場適配(Product-Market Fit, PMF)前進行代幣發行的專案則有其特別挑戰。市面上有大量的代幣,對專案本身並無真正必需作用。雖然代幣可用於引導早期使用者,但如果產品未真正取得市場適合度,那麼隨著代幣激勵活動結束,用戶活躍度也會大幅流失。
2024 年進行 TGE 的 Layer 2 專案就凸顯了這些現象。例如 Scroll、Blast 及 Manta 等 Layer 2,空投 TGE 後大量資金流出台鏈,社群聲量極度負面,Scroll 團隊的每篇 X(推特)貼文下方都有人留言罵是詐騙。這些專案在 TGE 前未能培養足夠的有機活躍用戶,導致代幣激勵減弱後資金大舉撤出。
市場時機對 TGE 結果影響極大。牛市時期發幣有高估值及買氣加持;熊市時期發幣則遭遇市場冷淡及低流動性,即便專案基本面良好也是如此。加密市場本質上具有週期性,TGE 時機選擇往往左右初期成敗,甚至超越其他因素。
風險、批評與市場扭曲
儘管 TGE 受歡迎,但也被各界大力批評。代幣持有過度集中問題一直難以解決,許多專案發幣時內部人控制 50~70% 供給,形成價格操控、聯合砸盤和治理被控制的風險。
監管不確定性則構成生死威脅。許多本來善意合規進行 TGE 的專案,多年後因監管解讀改變,仍受到執法打擊。被認定為證券的風險,可能在一夜之間毀掉專案,交易所下架代幣、創辦人面臨法律責任。
估值脫節越來越成問題。許多近期 TGE 雖營收、用戶量或市場適配度極低,卻以數十億美元完全稀釋估值(FDV)上市,這種離譜的估值反映的是投機狂熱,而非基本價值,後續勢必面臨回調。
所謂「空投農夫」現象也嚴重扭曲激勵與數據。職業農夫透過多帳號、機器人、協作手法來最大化空投分配,對專案本身毫無興趣。這造成谷高的用戶數與交易量,但 TGE 後這些數據與社群活躍度隨即消失,留下空洞社群。
TGE 前市場被內部人操縱也引發關注。團隊與投資人有意拉高上市前價格,上市後跌 10-30% 尚屬投機導致,但跌逾 50% 就非常可疑。協作性在上市前大量買入,製造假象熱度,容易讓散戶「被套」。
雖然現今大多 TGE 採用較節能的共識機制,但工作量證明(PoW)代幣的環保爭議依然存在。此外,TGE 引發的投機狂熱帶來更大環境負擔,比如為了搶空投和提高鏈上活動而產生的浪費性競爭。
「出口流動性問題」已成為針對近年 TGE 的核心批評。用戶應取得大部分甚至全部代幣在團隊和早期投資人之前。若內部人最先拿到幣,很可能用戶只是接盤工具。太多專案把 TGE 當作早期投資人脫手套現的流動性出口,而非建立可持續生態圈的窗口。
TGE 未來展望:永續與投機的拉鋸
隨著加密產業成熟,TGE 引發的根本問題逐漸浮現:我們真的需要那麼多自帶代幣的新區塊鏈網路嗎?TGE 正變成早期退出工具,還是新專案的啟動機制?未來幾年內,代幣發行又會受到哪些趨勢影響?
Layer 1 和 Layer 2 大量出現,引發產業碎片化疑慮。每一條新鏈舉辦 TGE,雖增添生態系複雜度,卻也可能稀釋整體流動性和開發者注意力。有批評認為,產業應以既有主流平台整合為重,而非無止盡推新鏈與發新幣。
不過,TGE 支持者也認為持續創新與專業化很有價值。不同區塊鏈架構有不同應用場景,有些追求高速度,有些主打安全,還有些專門應用於遊戲或社交平台。若代幣發行真能帶動技術創新與完善生態,對產業發展仍有正面作用。
企業主導的區塊鏈成另一股趨勢,傳統公司也開始發行自家代幣及網路。這類專案往往資源雄厚、用戶基礎大,可能辦出更健康的 TGE。但同時也帶來中心化疑慮,以及企業主導是否違背區塊鏈去中心化核心原則。
產業垂直整合亦可能是可期方向,特定產業定制代幣用途,而不再追求成為通用貨幣。例如設計給去中心化實體基礎設施網路、遊戲生態系、社群平台或金融應用的專用代幣,可能比單純工具型代幣更容易實現產品與市場契合。
監管明朗將深遠左右 TGE 發展。如果監管機關明確給予發幣但不被視為證券的指引,專案就可合規舉行 TGE,而毋須非得空投或註冊海外公司。反之,若監管持續模糊,只會讓 TGE 更往灰色地帶或海外流動。
社群所有權和治理型代幣將因去中心化承諾而更受重視。真正將治理權下放給用戶,而非操控在大戶手上的專案,才能展現區塊鏈引領新型組織架構的潛力。
永續性經濟模型(Tokenomics)亦將隨投資人日益成熟而更受重視。設計有實質用途、合理估值、公平分配且利害相關人激勵一致的實用型代幣,勝過那些只關心內部人暴利的空殼項目。
傳統金融在 TGE 扮演的角色則依舊充滿變數。隨著institutional investors enter cryptocurrency, will they demand more traditional structures and protections? Or will they adapt to blockchain-native mechanisms? The intersection between DeFi and TradFi will significantly influence how TGEs develop.
機構投資者進入加密貨幣領域,他們會要求更多傳統的架構與保障嗎?還是會適應區塊鏈原生的機制?去中心化金融(DeFi)與傳統金融(TradFi)的交會,將深刻影響 TGE 的發展。
FInal thoughts
Token Generation Events represent both the promise and challenge of cryptocurrency. At their best, TGEs enable genuinely decentralized projects to build communities, raise capital without intermediaries, and distribute ownership broadly. Projects like Hyperliquid demonstrate that well-executed TGEs can create sustainable ecosystems with aligned incentives.
代幣發行事件(Token Generation Events, TGE)同時代表著加密貨幣的希望與挑戰。在最佳情況下,TGE 能夠讓真正去中心化的項目組建社群、在無需中介的情況下籌集資金,並廣泛分配所有權。像 Hyperliquid 這類項目證明,只要執行得當,TGE 可以創造具備共識誘因的永續生態系。
At their worst, TGEs become mechanisms for insiders to extract value from retail investors through inflated valuations, manipulated markets, and poor tokenomics. The regulatory uncertainties, concentration risks, and speculative dynamics that plague many TGEs threaten to undermine confidence in blockchain technology.
在最壞的情況下,TGE 則淪為內部人士透過高估值、操縱市場與拙劣代幣經濟學,從散戶投資者身上榨取價值的手段。許多 TGE 所面臨的監管不確定性、集中化風險與投機性,正威脅著外界對區塊鏈技術的信心。
For cryptocurrency adoption, TGEs serve as a crucial test. If the industry can develop standards for fair, transparent, and sustainable token launches, TGEs could help distribute ownership of digital infrastructure more broadly than traditional finance allows. If speculation and insider enrichment continue to dominate, TGEs will remain objects of criticism and regulatory intervention.
對於加密貨幣大規模應用而言,TGE 是一項關鍵考驗。如果產業能夠發展出公平、透明且可持續的發幣標準,TGE 或許能比傳統金融更廣泛地分配數位基礎設施的所有權。反之,若投機本位與內部人士謀利持續主導,TGE 將持續淪為輿論與監管的對象。
Investors and users evaluating TGEs should focus on fundamentals rather than hype. Does the project have genuine product-market fit or just token incentives? Are tokens distributed fairly or concentrated among insiders? Do vesting schedules align long-term incentives? Does the token serve a real purpose in the ecosystem? These questions separate sustainable projects from speculative bubbles.
評估 TGE 的投資者與用戶,應該著重於基礎面而非炒作。該項目是否有實質的產品市場契合,還是僅靠代幣激勵?代幣的分配是否公平,或只集中在內部人士手中?解鎖排程是否與長期誘因相符?這枚代幣在生態中是否真的有實際功能?這些問題有助於區分可持續發展的項目與投機泡沫。
The future likely involves continued experimentation with TGE mechanisms as projects seek optimal structures for token launches. Some will succeed in building valuable networks with engaged communities. Many will fail, providing expensive lessons about what doesn't work. Through this process of trial and error, the industry may eventually develop TGE frameworks that balance innovation with investor protection.
未來,TGE 機制勢必會持續不斷地被項目方實驗,以尋找最佳的發幣架構。有些項目將成功建構出有價值與活躍社群的網路;更多項目則會失敗,帶來慘痛的教訓。透過這樣的試誤過程,產業或許最終能發展出兼顧創新與投資人保護的 TGE 框架。
Ultimately, TGEs reflect blockchain's attempt to reimagine how value is created and distributed in digital networks. Whether this experiment succeeds or fails will depend on whether projects prioritize building sustainable ecosystems over maximizing short-term token prices. The answer will shape not just cryptocurrency but the broader question of how ownership and governance function in digital age.
歸根究柢,TGE 映現的是區塊鏈對於數位網路中價值創造與分配方式的重新想像。這場實驗能否成功,取決於項目方是否優先建構可持續發展的生態,而非追求短期代幣價格的極大化。其結果,將不僅影響加密貨幣領域,還將牽動數位時代中所有權與治理模式的發展大勢。
The path forward requires honesty about TGEs' limitations alongside appreciation for their potential. Neither dismissing all token launches as scams nor embracing them uncritically serves the industry well. Instead, critical analysis of what makes TGEs succeed or fail can help the ecosystem evolve toward more sustainable models. As blockchain technology matures, so too must the mechanisms for launching tokens, ensuring that TGEs strengthen rather than weaken the networks they're meant to support.
前行的道路上,既要正視 TGE 的侷限,也要肯定其潛力。把所有發幣都一概斥為詐騙,或毫無批判地全然接受,對產業都沒有幫助。唯有深入分析 TGE 成敗的關鍵,才能促進產業邁向更永續的模式。隨著區塊鏈技術的成熟,發幣機制也必須演進,確保 TGE 真正強化,而非削弱本應支持的網路。

