區塊鏈原生 社群網路展現了創作者實質收入與用戶增長,但在擴展至加密原生社群以外仍面臨持續挑戰。Farcaster 於 2024 年 2 月推出互動「Frames」後,用戶數增加 400%;而 Lens Protocol 截至 2023 年 4 月,透過其獲利系統已發放 $342,897 給創作者。
傳統社群平台從用戶創作內容中抽取巨額價值,卻只給予創作者有限的受眾掌控權、內容獲利與資料可攜性。這種中心化模式帶來結構性問題,而去中心化方案正試圖解決這些痛點。
內容擁有權與可攜性難題:創作者在 YouTube、Instagram 或 TikTok 上建立社群,但很難將粉絲或內容順利轉移到其他平台。社交圖譜——即用戶間的連結網路——長期被鎖定在各平台的專有系統內。如果創作者遇到帳號停權、政策變動或演算法調整,多年經營的受眾可能一夕消失。
獲利分潤失衡:傳統平台通常會通過廣告、訂閱與交易費用抽取 20-50% 的創作者收入。YouTube 抽取頻道會員 30%、OnlyFans 抽成 20%、Patreon 則收取 5-12% 加上支付手續費。這些平台還控制著推薦演算法,決定創作者觸及範圍與獲利潛力。
中心化審查的限制:大型企業的內容政策常以全球標準處理多元文化環境,導致某些地區過度審查,另一些地區則審查不足。2024 年反誹謗聯盟(ADL)研究發現,主流平台在私密空間的審查系統性失效,例如 Facebook 難以偵測冷門語言中的仇恨言論,輔助工具對視障用戶也幾乎無用。
演算法操縱疑慮:平台演算法優先考量互動和廣告收益,而非用戶體驗或創作者成功。Mozilla 基金會的研究記錄了推薦系統如何強化分裂內容、造成資訊泡泡,甚至為商業利益而操控用戶行為,而非社會福祉。
去中心化社群的發展歷史:分散式社群網絡的早期探索,伴隨著網際網路自身發展而出現。1980 年代的 Usenet 新聞群組提供無單一控制者的討論空間。2003 年 LiveJournal 推出支持跨平台內容分享的資訊來源訂閱。Diaspora 則於 2010 年開創個人資料伺服器及 pod 式聯邦架構,直接啟發今日的 ActivityPub 等協議。
不過,在區塊鏈之前,這些努力持續遭遇身分驗證、垃圾訊息防治和經濟永續等難題。缺乏密碼學身份系統或內建支付機制,讓過去的分散社群網路難以建立能與中心化平台抗衡的網絡效應。
區塊鏈帶來創新:密碼學身份、智慧合約和可編程貨幣的出現,為去中心化社群架構開啟新可能。個人資料 NFT 能作為跨應用的可攜式身份,代幣激勵助啟動網絡效應並獎勵早期用戶。可編程支付也促成傳統平台無法實現的創作者獲利新模式。
這些技術基礎讓當代的 DeSoc 協議,得以以實際方案,而非僅止於理念,解決長年問題。
核心技術模型
去中心化社群媒體協議在處理分佈式身份、內容儲存與社群互動上,採用多種架構路線。理解這些技術模型,有助於掌握不同方案的可能性與權衡。
帳號與身份模型:現代 DeSoc 協議在身份處理上有顯著分歧。Farcaster 採用混合方式,用 Farcaster ID(FID)對應 Ethereum 地址,兼具密碼學驗證與透過 ENS 整合可讀帳號。用戶可透過基於 Optimism 的智能合約註冊鏈上身份,每年約需支付 $7 作為社群數據儲存費用。
Lens Protocol 則採取更激進路線,以 Profile NFT 形式存在-每個使用者檔案都是 ERC-721 代幣,可交易、委託,甚至作為 DeFi 的抵押品。這使身份真正可攜,用戶可以擁有作為數位資產的社群圖譜。Lens V3(2025 推出)將遷移至專屬 Layer 2 區塊鏈,利用 zkSync 降低交易成本到雲端等級,同時維持以太坊安全性。
Bluesky 的 AT Protocol 則採用去中心化身份(DID),讓身份與資料儲存分離。用戶可在個人資料伺服器(PDS)間遷移整個社群存在,且維持同一身份,類似更換電郵供應商但保持一樣郵箱。
內容存儲架構:社群內容的儲存,在去中心化、效能與成本之間需權衡。Farcaster 採三層架構,身份註冊上鏈,社群互動則在 peer-to-peer Hub 網絡進行。內容經由流言協議(gossip protocols)與無衝突複製資料型態(CRDT)跨節點同步,一致性與加密驗證兼得。
此法可實現近即時互動且驗證內容真實,但需用戶支付儲存空間費,也產生 Hub 營運的潛在中心化壓力。
Lens Protocol 初期在 Polygon 鏈上儲存所有社群數據,但後來更精細化-檔案資料與主要連結維持鏈上,影像與影片等大型內容則儲存在 IPFS 或 Arweave,並以鏈上指標定位。未來 Grove 儲存系統能以 EVM 控管權限,實現分散式內容主機。
驗證與聲譽系統:傳統社群平台倚賴中心化藍勾勾與演算法評分判定信任。DeSoc 協議則試驗以密碼學與社群驅動的新方案。Farcaster 推出「Power Badge」系統,通過鏈上條件授予驗證,保障透明性而非主觀認定。
Lens Protocol 讓聲譽直接內建於社交網路,例如 Follow NFT 與收藏機制。持續生產優質內容的用戶,可直接透過協議內機制變現自身聲譽,形成激勵優質創作的正向循環。
可組合性原語:DeSoc 最大的技術目標之一,是實現不同社群應用間的真正組合互通。RSS3 提供整合 Farcaster、Lens 與 Nostr 協議內容的通用網路 API,開發者可基於多個社交圖譜構築應用。
新興模式將身份(護照)、內容(貼文)、社交關係(追蹤)三部分切分為可攜式基石,任何相容應用都能讀取,與傳統社群平台高度封閉的專利生態形成對比。
審查機制原語:去中心化系統內容審查需全面反思傳統內容控制權。Bluesky 的「堆疊式審查」容許用戶疊加多種第三方審查服務,自訂內容過濾,避免單一控制點。
Mastodon 的聯邦模型將審查決策下放給各實例營運者,促進多元社群標準,也加深跨伺服器協調的複雜度。Lens Protocol 的 CultivatorDAO 實驗,則首度嘗試以代幣投票方式決定 Web3 原生內容政策,實現分散式內容審查。
可擴展性解決方案:現有 DeSoc 協議僅能支撐數千(非數百萬)人同時在線,若要主流應用需進一步擴容。Farcaster 的 Hub 架構,隨網絡成長同步延遲與資源消耗問題明顯。Lens V3 借助專屬區塊鏈與零知識證明,期望兼顧效能提升與安全性。
去中心化與效能的根本張力尚未化解,各協議選擇了不同平衡方式。像 Nostr 這樣去中心化程度高的協議,犧牲部分用戶體驗換來抗審查力,而 Bluesky 較注重效能,但可能損及純正的去中心化。
協議深度剖析
Farcaster:混合式架構與 Frames 創新
Farcaster 源於 Coinbase 前高管 Dan Romero 與 Varun Srinivasan 的經驗,他們觀察到加密原生社群在 Twitter 與 Discord 上集結,於是看好區塊鏈社交網路的潛力。2021 年上線,至 2024 年 5 月完成 1.5 億美元 A 輪募資晉升獨角獸,成為最具技術創新力的 DeSoc 協議。
協議的「足夠去中心化」架構,是在純粹去中心化和用戶體驗間取得務實妥協。身份註冊透過部署於 Optimism 的智能合約鏈上完成,建立 cryptographically verifiable user identities. However, social interactions happen off-chain through a distributed network of Hubs that use gossip protocols to maintain consistency.
技術架構亮點:Farcaster ID 對應到以太坊地址,使其能夠無縫整合至更廣泛的加密生態系統。用戶需支付年度儲存費用——最近由每年 5 美元調漲至 7 美元——包括 5,000 則訊息(casts)、2,500 則回應(reactions)以及 2,500 位追蹤者。當超過上限時,協議會自動刪除最舊內容,從而為內容品質優於內容量創造經濟誘因。
革命性的 Frames 功能於 2024 年 1 月 26 日推出,把社群貼文轉化為互動式應用程式。用戶可以直接在動態中鑄造 NFT、參與投票、進行交易或加入 DAO,無需離開其社交平台。此創新品項於一週內帶動 400% 用戶增長,顯示市場對更具互動性的社交體驗有高度潛在需求。
採用數據與生態系:2024 年 1 月下旬每日活躍用戶約 5,000 人,至 2024 年 9 月突破 50,000 人,並於 2024 年 11 月創下 73,700 名獨立用戶新高。該生態系統涵蓋 100 多種應用,包括如 Paragraph 一類的內容平台,以及像 Bountycaster 這類懸賞任務工具。
旗艦用戶端 Warpcast 佔有約 95% 市占率,但與協議團隊獨立運作。這種分離確保 Farcaster 協議中立,同時能快速迭代產品。
經濟模式與社群代幣:Farcaster 並未發行原生協議代幣,而是透過儲存費和交易費創造收入。$DEGEN 代幣作為社群打賞代幣的自然生成案例,展現出加密原生社交網絡可自底向上建立經濟系統,而非自上而下指派。
$DEGEN 於 2024 年 1 月自 /degen 社群頻道啟動,並在 2025 年 8 月市值突破 1.2 億美元。70% 代幣分配給社群,並自 2028 年起每年有 1% 通膨,成為社群推動型社交媒體代幣實驗中最成功的案例之一。
Lens Protocol: NFT 原生社交圖譜
由 Stani Kulechov 及 Aave 團隊打造,Lens Protocol 是最具雄心徑圖譜(social graph)真正可攜帶且可金融化的嘗試。每個社交檔案都是可交易、可授權、可用作抵押的 ERC-721 NFT,根本性地重新想像社群媒體為用戶擁有的基礎設施。
版本演進:Lens V1 於 2022 年推出,確立了 Polygon 上 NFT 社交檔案的基本系統。第二版於 2023 年 7 月 EthCC 巴黎大會上宣布,加入 Open Actions,允許用戶直接從社交貼文觸發任何智能合約操作,包括鑄造 NFT、加入 DAO 或執行 DeFi 交易,全部無需離開社交平台。
即將於 2024 年 11 月開放開發者預覽的 Lens V3,是一場徹底的架構革新。協議啟動自有 Layer 2 區塊鏈,以 zkSync 技術結合 Avail 做為資料可用性,將交易費用降至雲端伺服器等級,同時維持以太坊級別安全,讓主流應用吸收 Gas Cost,移除採用重大阻礙。
創作者變現領導地位:Lens 是所有 DeSoc 協議中創作者收入最高者,截至 2023 年 4 月,透過「collect」系統支付給創作者的金額達 342,897 美元。雖然收益集中——66.8% 流向前三大帳戶——但總金額證明其創作者經濟模型可行。
Pussy Riot 成員 Nadya Tolokonnikova 三篇貼文就賺進約 92,000 美元,單次收藏費用為 2-20 MATIC。這證明了加密原生受眾為內容付費的意願遠高於傳統社群平台上創作者的變現方式。
技術創新重點:即將推出的 Grove 儲存系統提供去中心化內容託管及以 EVM 控制的存取權限。V3 中的 Social Primitives 創造了可模組化的帳戶、用戶名、社交圖譜、動態與群組,讓其它應用能自由組合擴充。
Lens Improvement Proposals(LIPs)於 2023 年 6 月推行,採用類似 Ethereum EIP 的社群治理方式。這使協議能透過粗略共識演進,而非自上而下控制,對於公共物品的正當性至關重要。
生態系應用:已有超過 200 個應用建構於 Lens Protocol,包括最大用戶端 Hey.xyz,以及如 LensTube(影片)、Orb(視覺內容)等專門平台。多元應用展現了 NFT 為基礎社交圖譜的可組合優勢。
Bluesky: 演算法選擇與聯邦擴展
Bluesky 原為 Twitter 贊助的研究案,探索去中心化社交替代方案,後於 Elon Musk 收購 Twitter 後走向獨立公司。其基礎 AT 協議在各種 DeSoc 方案中提供最接近 Twitter 的使用體驗,同時在演算法選擇與內容審查採創新模式。
技術差異化:Bluesky 將資料儲存(Personal Data Servers)、內容聚合(Relays/Big Graph Services)與內容呈現(App Views)拆為獨立服務。這種模組化架構讓用戶可無縫切換演算法動態、審查服務與介面選項,而不需改變社交身份或社群關係。
該協議最創新的特點在於「演算法市集」,允許用戶從不同開發者設計的多種動態演算法中選擇。這打破了傳統平台對內容排行與發現的壟斷。
爆炸性成長軌跡:用戶增長顯示市場對 Twitter 備案的強烈需求。自 2023 年 9 月的 100 萬用戶,Bluesky 於 2024 年 2 月達到 400 萬,2024 年 9 月突破 1,000 萬、同年 12 月 2,500 萬,2025 年 1 月更超過 2,700 萬。
推特重大政策更動與巴西短暫禁令期間,Bluesky 在數天內爆發增長 260 萬新用戶(85% 來自巴西)。這種事件驅動型成長顯示 Twitter 替代品的蓄積需求極大。
內容審查創新:Bluesky 的「堆疊式審查」是目前去中心化內容治理最精細的系統。用戶可層疊多個獨立標籤服務,自訂內容過濾,不再依賴單一中央政策。
於 2024 年開源的 Ozone 協作式審查工具,在 100 名版主 24 小時輪班下,已處理 648 萬則用戶檢舉,展現出社群驅動審查可實現規模化,並有望與企業型模式分庭抗禮。
其他協議:專業化路徑
Nostr 的極簡主義:Notes and Other Stuff Transmitted by Relays(Nostr)走向徹底的抗審查路線,採用極簡架構。用戶可無需註冊直接創建加密身份,內容透過 WebSocket 中繼站廣播,無中央協調。
Nostr 結合閃電網絡,實現名為「Zaps」的即時微支付,給創作者即時收益。雖然用戶規模小於其他協議,其抗關閉、抗控管特性對於身處威權國家的用戶而言彌足珍貴。
DeSo 的社交專用鏈:DeSo 是唯一為社交媒體應用設計的 Layer 1 區塊鏈。其儲存成本僅以太坊的萬分之一,協議層內建創作者幣與社交 NFT,使在一般鏈難以實現的應用在此成為經濟可行。
該平台已支持逾 100 種應用,近期並轉型為 Revolution Proof-of-Stake 共識機制,提供 20% 抵押獎勵。但整體採用仍有限,難以與建立於主流鏈上的協議抗衡。
Mastodon 的聯邦型成熟:作為最早、最成熟的社交協議替代品,Mastodon 的 ActivityPub 聯邦全球活躍用戶已超 1,170 萬。Meta(Threads)、Ghost 與 Flipboard 等企業加入,帶來目前純加密協議所缺乏的網路效應。
Mastodon 的伺服器公約制度有效過濾問題節點,同時允許多樣社群標準。但自行架設節點需技術門檻,限制了網路治理上的民主參與。
創作者變現與經濟模型
去中心化社群媒體協議創造了更高分潤、創新收益模式、直接連結受眾的變現方法,傳統平台難以辦到。實際收入數據顯示這些模型對加密原生用戶具可行性,惟大眾採用仍面臨挑戰。
直接打賞與微支付:最簡單的 DeSoc 變現機制,是用戶間點對點直接支付,無平台中介。Lens Protocol 創作者於 2024 年 4 月,在 30 萬用戶網絡中,頂尖創作者每月平均收入 1,300 美元,遠高於類似規模社群於傳統平台取得的收入。
Nostr 閃電網絡整合實現了名為「Zaps」的即時微支付,單次費用僅為一分幣的一小部分,開啟新型如論件付費、逐分影片付費等變現可能,這在傳統支付系統難以執行。
社交代幣創新突破:Friend.tech 的「密鑰」系統迄今為最成功的社交代幣化實驗,兩個月內平台收入逾 2,000 萬美元,當中 1,840 萬美元分配給直接給創作者。頂尖創作者@Cobie個人賺取超過44萬美元,顯示社交代幣能為人氣創作者創造可觀收入。
Bonding curve 機制會根據需求自動調整關鍵價格,創造由市場驅動的創作者估值。然而這套系統也使先進的交易機器人能捕捉創作者收益的34%(590萬美元),凸顯了金融投機與真實社群經營之間的挑戰。
基於NFT的內容貨幣化:Lens Protocol 的 collect 系統將社交貼文轉換為可交易NFT,為社交內容創造二級市場。平台5,540,000美元總收入的93%,來自 Profile NFT 的銷售,單篇貼文成交價可達數百至數千美元。
Pussy Riot 成員 Nadya Tolokonnikova 只靠三篇貼文便賺取約92,000美元,collect 價格介於 2-20 枚 MATIC 代幣。一篇貼文僅 145 次 collect 就產生約 25,000 美元收入,顯示高品質內容能訂出高價。
訂閱及會員模式:代幣門檻社群讓創作者可經由NFT擁有權或代幣持有提供專屬內容存取權。如此建立直接訂閱關係,無需平台中介抽取收益。
建構於 Solana 上的 Only1,為創作者提供質押池,依創作者活躍度,APY 最高可達 300%。創作者和 Genesis NFT 擁有者皆可獲得鎖倉總價值的一定比例收益,讓創作者與最投入的社群成員之間建立獎勵機制。
DAO 贊助機制:去中心化自治組織(DAO)為社群資助創作者和專案提供新模式。ConstitutionDAO 證明了集體募資的力量,募集超過 4,700 萬美元(來自 1.7 萬多名貢獻者),雖然最終未能購得美國憲法正本。
Gitcoin Grants 已通過二次方資助機制為開源專案分發超過 5,000 萬美元,該機制能放大對公共財的小額捐款。此模式可延伸應用於社交內容創作,獎勵為社群產出有價值資源的創作者。
收益分成比較:DeSoc 平台一般給創作者 95% 以上收入,相較傳統平台只給 50-88%。YouTube 抽取創作者收益的 30%,OnlyFans 抽成 20%,Patreon 收費 5-12% 加上手續費。僅這樣的更低抽成,就為創作者轉移平台提供強大經濟誘因。
挑戰與採用障礙:儘管收益模式具前景,創作者採用仍面臨不少挑戰。錢包設定複雜,讓不熟悉加密貨幣的創作者感到困難。網絡效應有限——Farcaster 每日活躍用戶僅 5 萬,遠遠落後傳統平台數十億規模。
多數 DeSoc 平台在用戶體驗上還有明顯缺口。代幣、NFT、DAO 等概念的複雜學習曲線,使得主流創作者難以進入。行動App 支援有限,也進一步限制了受眾增長。
實際運作 vs 理論模型:收益數據證明,對於願意付費支持內容與創作者的加密原生社群,用戶打賞、社交代幣、NFT 收藏這些機制都是可行的。但這些模式若要達到主流創作者所需的規模與簡易性,仍顯困難。
最成功的貨幣化通常結合多元收益管道——Lens 創作者可能同時通過 collect、Profile NFT 增值和訂閱存取賺錢。這種多樣化有助於優化收入,但也增加創作者和受眾的複雜性。
展望未來,最有機會脫穎而出的 DeSoc 平台將會抽象加密貨幣的複雜性,同時維持創作者-受眾直接關係的經濟收益。能成功實現此平衡的平台,有望從傳統社群媒體巨頭中搶占市場份額。
採用與指標:成長是什麼樣子
衡量去中心化社群媒體協議的採用情況,需要在資料品質挑戰中,找出能真實反映用戶採用與投機活動的有意義趨勢。整體指標展現了早期迅速成長與實質參與,但距離主流規模仍有很大差距。
跨協議用戶採用:截至2024年7月,所有主要 DeSoc 協議的合計每日活躍用戶約超過 1,000 萬,Bluesky 佔比最大。不過因各協議的統計方式不同、用戶重疊等因素,橫向比較仍然困難。
Farcaster 在用戶參與強度上表現最高,2024年10月每位用戶每月互動次數達 29,對比 Lens Protocol 為 12。這顯示 Farcaster 用戶在社交互動上更為活躍,雖然 Lens 用戶總數約為 Farcaster 的 8 倍。
鏈上與鏈下指標:鏈上數據因加密驗證具最高信度。Farcaster 協議通過智能合約產生了 611.03 ETH 收入,2024年2月5日單日尖峰交易額達 47,990 美元。
Lens Protocol 的鏈上交易量因採用免 Gas 設計和 Layer 2 難以追蹤,但平台至2024年促成超過 1,000 萬筆免 Gas 交易。Lens V3 採用自有區塊鏈基礎設施後,指標透明度應會提升。
開發生態指標:GitHub 活躍度和應用開發是協議健康與未來用戶採用的主要指標。Farcaster 維護 21 個核心 repo 並持續更新規格,生態系統有超過 100 個應用(根據 awesome-farcaster-dev 目錄)。
Lens Protocol 支援 200 多個應用,橫跨社群媒體客戶端、數據分析及專門平台。Lens 上應用的多元性,顯示開發者對其長期可行性和技術能力有信心。
地理分佈:Bluesky 地理採用特徵最明顯,在 X(原 Twitter)短暫禁令後,巴西用戶佔比高達 22.52%(單一國家占比最高)。這種事件導向型成長顯示法規動向能刺激 DeSoc 平台成長。
北美及歐洲加密原生社群主導多數協議的採用,全球拓展受限。語言門檻、基礎設施、加密熟悉度,使得雖然新興市場熱情高漲,但採用上仍有挑戰。
創作者與企業採用:機構採用尚屬初期,但已有良好信號。ESPN 與 Politico 曾經嘗試基於 DeSo 區塊鏈的內容整理應用,但整體企業大規模投入,仍等待更明確的法規及更佳用戶體驗。
傳統平台的創作者遷移,主要以加密原生意見領袖為主,主流內容創作者加入很少。像擁有25萬追隨者的加密Youtuber Boxmining 積極經營 Lens Protocol,但類似案例仍不多。
成長曲線分析:大多數 DeSoc 平台表現出事件驅動,而非穩定有機成長。Farcaster 於2024年2月 Frames 功能上線後用戶增加 400% 是典型例子。Bluesky 也因 X 平台爭議及故障而獲得數百萬新用戶。
但事件帶來的成長是否能持續仍不明朗。Farcaster 峰值每日活躍用戶約 73,700,到了2024年9月降至約 5 萬,顯示某些成長高峰無法透過持續產品創新長期維持。
資料品質評估:平台自報數據可靠性堪憂,用戶數可能包含機器人、不活躍帳號,或多平台重複註冊。加密原生社群平台高度匿名,讓傳統分析難以適用。
鏈上交易數據雖信度高,但未能涵蓋所有用戶活動,尤其如 Farcaster 這種社交互動多在鏈下發生的混合架構。收益數字則最能反映真實用戶採用,因直接對應經濟價值產生。
市場規模背景:去中心化社交媒體市場預計將從2024年的 94億美元增至2034年的 618億美元,年複合成長率 20.6%。但現有 DeSoc 協議僅佔未來預估市場規模的極小一部分。
傳統平台作為規模對照:Facebook 擁有 30億用戶,YouTube 有 25億,TikTok 達 15億。DeSoc 協議若要有實質競爭力,必須達到數個數量級的成長。
主要績效指標:最有意義的採用指標應結合用戶成長、參與強度、開發活躍度與經濟價值產生。能在多項指標展現優勢的平台——如 Farcaster 的高參與率與 Lens 的創作者收益——代表比某單一指標領先者更健康的採用狀況。
每用戶收益成為關鍵分水嶺。截至2024年4月,Lens Protocol 每用戶每月內容付費均值為38美元,而傳統社群平台廣告每用戶收益僅為每月1-10美元。更高的變現率使 DeSoc 平台即使用戶規模較小,亦有競爭力。
內容審查、安全與治理
去中心化社交媒體協議在言論審查抵抗與社群安全之間存在根本性張力,需要傳統做法之外的創新內容治理方式。platforms resolved through centralized corporate policies. The solutions emerging from this space could reshape how online communities manage harmful content while preserving free expression.
透過集中化企業政策解決的平台:這個領域出現的解決方案,有可能重塑線上社群在管理有害內容時,如何平衡言論自由與安全的方式。
Stackable moderation innovations: Bluesky's approach to content moderation represents the most sophisticated technical solution to date. The platform's open labeling system allows anyone to create moderation services that users can layer on top of built-in platform moderation. Users might combine Bluesky's baseline safety filters with community-specific moderation for gaming content and an academic institution's guidelines for educational discussions.
可堆疊的內容審核創新:Bluesky 對於內容審核的方式,目前被認為是最先進的技術解決方案。該平台開放的標籤系統,允許任何人建立內容審核服務,讓用戶可在平台內建審核的基礎上,額外加上個人或社群所需的審核標準。舉例來說,用戶可以把 Bluesky 的基礎安全過濾器,與遊戲社群專屬的內容審核和學術機構的教育討論指引結合使用。
This architecture processed 6.48 million reports in 2024 with a distributed team of 100 moderators working around the clock. Automated systems achieve 99.90% labeling accuracy, demonstrating that community-driven moderation can achieve quality comparable to corporate systems while maintaining user choice and decentralization.
這套架構於 2024 年間處理了 648 萬則舉報,並由 100 人分布式審核團隊 24 小時輪班。自動化系統達到了 99.90% 的標籤準確率,證明社群驅動的審核也能達到媲美企業體系的品質,同時保有用戶選擇權與去中心化的特點。
Federated governance challenges: Mastodon's instance-based moderation creates diverse community standards but complicates cross-platform coordination. The platform requires server operators to commit to "active moderation against racism, sexism and transphobia" for official listing, but enforcement varies widely across the 40+ instances in the federation.
聯邦治理的挑戰:Mastodon 以實例為單位的審核,讓各社群有多元的標準,但同時也讓跨平台協調變得困難。該平台要求伺服器管理員為了成為官方列表,須承諾「積極審核並防止種族主義、性別歧視與恐跨症」,但在聯邦中的 40 多個實例之間,執行標準差異極大。
The #fediblock hashtag enables community-driven instance blocking, creating organic reputation systems for server operators. However, this approach can lead to fragmentation when instances preemptively block emerging platforms like Threads due to policy disagreements rather than content problems.
#fediblock 標籤讓社群可以自行標記與封鎖特定實例,並自然形成伺服器管理員的聲譽體系。然而,此機制也可能造成分裂,舉例來說,當實例因政策分歧而事先封鎖新興平台(如 Threads),而不是基於內容問題時,就會造成系統碎片化。
DAO-based content governance: Lens Protocol's CultivatorDAO experiment represents the first Web3-native approach to decentralized content moderation. Follow NFT holders can participate in governance decisions about content policies, creating token-weighted voting on moderation standards.
DAO 型內容治理:Lens Protocol 的 CultivatorDAO 實驗,是首個原生 Web3 的去中心化內容審核嘗試。持有 Follow NFT 的用戶可參與有關內容政策的治理決策,通過代幣權重進行標準投票。
Early results show promise but also highlight the challenges of democratic content governance. Token concentration among early adopters can create plutocratic rather than democratic decision-making. The 76.2% of voting power held by the top 10% of active voters in major DAOs suggests that token-based governance may not achieve the democratic participation originally envisioned.
早期結果顯示了潛力,但同時也凸顯民主治理的挑戰。早期用戶高度集中的代幣分配,導致決策更像是「財閥統治」而非真正民主。主流 DAO 中,活躍前 10% 持有高達 76.2% 的投票權,顯示以代幣為基礎的治理未必能實現原先設想的全面民主參與。
Cross-protocol moderation challenges: Content that crosses protocol boundaries creates enforcement nightmares. RSS3's Social API enables cross-platform content sharing, but when a post violates policies on one protocol while remaining acceptable on another, coordinated response becomes nearly impossible.
跨協定內容審核的挑戰:內容跨協定流動,讓審核與執行極為困難。RSS3 的 Social API 讓內容可在多平台間分享,但若某則貼文在一個協定違規、在另一個卻合法時,就幾乎無法協調應對。
Bridge technologies like Bridgy Fed that connect ActivityPub and AT Protocol networks further complicate moderation by enabling content to flow between platforms with different community standards and technical capabilities.
Bridgy Fed 這類橋接技術連接了 ActivityPub 與 AT Protocol,使內容可在不同標準與技術能力的平台間流動,進一步增加審核複雜度。
Legal liability evolution: The regulatory landscape for decentralized platforms remains uncertain as courts and legislators grapple with distributed responsibility models. Section 230 protections traditionally applied to neutral intermediaries may not extend to platforms that enable algorithmic content amplification or facilitate direct monetization.
法律責任的演化:隨著法院與立法機關試圖釐清分散式責任模型,去中心化平台的監管前景仍不明朗。過去第 230 條賦予「中立中介者」的保護,未必適用於允許演算法推播內容或協助直接獲利的平台。
The Third Circuit's Anderson v. TikTok ruling excluded algorithmic recommendations from Section 230 immunity, potentially creating liability for DeSoc platforms that implement sophisticated feed algorithms. As AI-recommended content constitutes 30% of Facebook and 50% of Instagram content, similar liability could affect protocols implementing AI-driven discovery features.
第三巡迴法院在 Anderson v. TikTok 案中裁定,演算法推薦不受第 230 條豁免保護,這有可能令採用複雜推薦演算法的 DeSoc 平台承擔法律責任。隨著 AI 推薦內容已佔 Facebook 30%、Instagram 50%,類似的法律風險也可能波及採用 AI 導向探索功能的協定。
EU Digital Services Act compliance: The European Union's Digital Services Act, fully enforced since February 17, 2024, creates compliance challenges for global DeSoc platforms. The 25 platforms designated as Very Large Online Platforms face enhanced transparency, risk assessment, and content moderation obligations.
歐盟數位服務法遵循:自 2024 年 2 月 17 日起全面實施的歐盟數位服務法,為全球 DeSoc 平台帶來合規挑戰。被指定為「超大型線上平台」的 25 家平台,必須遵守加強的透明度、風險評估與內容審核義務。
X (formerly Twitter) became the first platform investigated under the DSA for content moderation failures, demonstrating that distributed platforms cannot escape regulatory scrutiny simply by decentralizing infrastructure. DeSoc protocols serving EU users must develop compliance frameworks despite their distributed nature.
X(前 Twitter)成為第一個因內容審核不力而被 DSA 調查的平台,說明分散式架構仍無法規避監管審查。即使是去中心化,提供歐盟用戶服務的 DeSoc 協定也必須建立合規框架。
Child safety and illegal content: All social platforms face zero-tolerance requirements for child sexual abuse material (CSAM) and other illegal content. Bluesky reported 1,154 CSAM reports to the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children in 2024, demonstrating that decentralized platforms can implement legally required safety measures.
兒童安全與非法內容:所有社群平台皆面臨對兒童性虐待內容(CSAM)及其他非法內容零容忍的要求。Bluesky 在 2024 年向美國國家失蹤與受虐兒童中心通報了 1,154 起 CSAM 個案,證明去中心化平台同樣能落實法定安全措施。
However, the distributed nature of DeSoc protocols complicates rapid content removal across all nodes and applications. When illegal content spreads through federated networks or bridge technologies, comprehensive removal requires coordination across multiple independent operators.
然而,DeSoc 協定的分散式特性,使得在所有節點和應用程式間迅速移除違規內容變得更複雜。當非法內容經由聯邦網絡或橋接技術傳播時,全面移除需要多方獨立營運者的協作。
Governance token concentration: Empirical analysis of major DAOs reveals significant voting power concentration that undermines democratic governance ideals. Research on Compound, Uniswap, and ENS shows large token holders effectively control protocol decisions, while off-chain governance discussions create additional centralization pressures.
治理代幣集中:對主要 DAO 的實證分析顯示,投票權高度集中,稀釋了民主治理的理想。Compound、Uniswap 與 ENS 的研究證明,大戶持有者實際主導了協定決策,鏈下治理討論則又加劇集中化壓力。
Quadratic voting and delegation systems represent promising approaches to reducing plutocratic dominance, but implementation remains experimental. Optimism Collective's two-house system separating token voting from citizen voting provides one model for balancing different stakeholder interests.
二次方投票制與委託制度,被視為減緩財閥主導的潛力方案,但目前大多仍處於實驗階段。Optimism Collective 以代幣投票和公民投票雙院制分離,提供了一種平衡不同利害關係人的範例。
Regulatory recommendations: Policymakers should develop proportionate compliance frameworks that recognize the limited capabilities of small instance operators while maintaining safety requirements. Risk-based regulations that scale requirements with platform size and influence could preserve space for experimental governance models.
監管建議:政策制定者應發展比例原則的合規架構,兼顧小型實例營運者資源有限與規定的安全基線。以風險為基礎、隨平台規模與影響力增減要求的法規,有助於保留實驗治理模型的發展空間。
International coordination on content standards becomes essential as DeSoc protocols enable seamless cross-border communication. Harmonized approaches to hate speech, terrorism, and child safety could reduce compliance complexity while respecting cultural differences in free expression standards.
隨著 DeSoc 協定使無縫跨境交流成為現實,國際間對內容標準的協作也變得關鍵。仇恨言論、恐怖主義與兒童保護的協調監管,有望減少合規負擔並兼顧不同文化對言論自由的標準。
Future governance evolution: The most successful DeSoc governance models will likely combine multiple approaches - algorithmic filtering for clear violations, community voting for gray areas, and professional moderation for illegal content. Rather than replacing human judgment entirely, these systems should augment community decision-making with better tools and information.
未來治理的演進:最成功的 DeSoc 治理模式,大概率會結合多種方式——明顯違規用算法過濾、灰色地帶由社群投票、非法內容則專業審核。這些系統應該是輔助社群決策,而非取代人類判斷。
Reputation systems that create portable trust scores across protocols could enable users to build credibility that transfers between applications, creating positive incentives for good behavior while enabling community-driven rather than corporate-driven trust signals.
能跨協定轉移的聲譽評分系統,可讓用戶在不同應用之間累積和攜帶信譽,激勵良好行為,並由社群驅動信任感,而非由企業主導。
Interoperability and composability
True interoperability represents the holy grail of decentralized social media - enabling users to maintain unified identities and social connections across different applications and protocols. While technical progress toward this goal accelerates, achieving seamless composability faces persistent challenges around protocol compatibility, user experience complexity, and economic incentive alignment.
互通性與可組合性
真正的互通性是去中心化社群媒體的聖杯——讓用戶能在不同應用與協定間持續維繫統一的身份與社交關係。雖然朝這個目標的技術進步加速發展,但要實現完全無縫的可組合性,仍面臨協定兼容性、用戶體驗複雜度與經濟誘因對齊等長期挑戰。
Cross-protocol identity solutions: The most mature interoperability solution involves portable cryptographic identity that works across multiple protocols. Lens Protocol's NFT-based profiles can theoretically be recognized by any application that integrates with Ethereum, creating identity that transcends individual platforms.
跨協定身份解決方案:最成熟的互通性方案,是可攜式密碼學身份,能在多個協定間運作。Lens Protocol 基於 NFT 的個人檔案,理論上只要整合以太坊的應用都能識別,讓身份不再受限於單一平台。
However, practical interoperability requires more than technical compatibility. Social relationships, content history, and reputation scores must also port between applications to create truly portable social experiences. RSS3's Universal Social API represents the most comprehensive attempt to solve this challenge by indexing social activities across Farcaster, Lens, and Nostr protocols through a single interface.
不過,實務上的互通性不只靠技術相容,還需要能攜帶社交關係、內容歷史和聲譽評分,才能打造真正可攜的社交體驗。RSS3 的 Universal Social API 透過單一介面索引 Farcaster、Lens 和 Nostr 的社交行為,是目前最全面的嘗試。
Content portability achievements: When users post content to Lens Protocol, that content becomes available to any application built on the protocol without additional posting or content migration. This creates genuine composability where content created in one application can be discovered, interacted with, and monetized through completely different applications.
內容可攜性的成就:用戶在 Lens Protocol 上發文後,該內容即可供所有基於這個協定的應用獲取,無需再次發布或轉移。由此實現真正的可組合性——同一內容可在不同應用中被發現、互動甚至獲利。
Farcaster's Frame system enables even deeper composability by allowing any application to embed interactive functionality directly within social posts. Users can participate in auctions, join DAOs, or execute trades without leaving their preferred social client, creating seamless integration between social and financial applications.
Farcaster 的 Frame 系統則進一步深化可組合性,允許任何應用將互動功能直接嵌入社群貼文。用戶無須離開熟悉的社交端就能參與拍賣、加入 DAO 或執行交易,使社交與金融應用無縫結合。
Bridge technologies and aggregation: Third-party bridges enable limited interoperability between protocols that weren't designed for compatibility. Bridgy Fed translates between ActivityPub (Mastodon) and AT Protocol (Bluesky), allowing users on either protocol to follow and interact with users on the other.
橋接技術與內容聚合:第三方橋接方案為天生不相容的協定實現有限互通。Bridgy Fed 能在 ActivityPub(Mastodon)與 AT Protocol(Bluesky)間翻譯協定,讓使用者彼此互關、互動。
Multi-protocol clients like Openvibe aggregate content from Mastodon, Bluesky, Nostr, and Threads into unified interfaces, providing users with consolidated social experiences without platform switching. These aggregation approaches demonstrate user demand for cross-platform integration even when protocols don't natively support it.
像 Openvibe 這類多協定用戶端,能把 Mastodon、Bluesky、Nostr 及 Threads 的內容集成到單一介面,用戶無需頻繁切換平台即可獲得整合式社交體驗。即便這些協定本身不支援互通,內容聚合需求仍相當明顯。
Economic interoperability challenges: While technical bridges can connect different protocols, economic systems prove harder to integrate. Creator monetization mechanisms, reputation systems, and community currencies remain largely isolated within individual protocol ecosystems.
經濟互通性的挑戰:儘管技術橋樑能連接不同協定,經濟系統整合卻更難突破。創作者獲利、聲譽體系及社群貨幣多半還是鎖在各自協定生態之內。
Friend.tech's "keys" cannot be used on Lens Protocol, and Lens "collects" have no meaning within Farcaster's economic system. This fragmentation limits creator incentives to maintain presence across multiple protocols and reduces network effects that drive user adoption.
例如,Friend.tech 的「key」不能在 Lens Protocol 上運用,Lens 的「collect」在 Farcaster 經濟體系中毫無意義。這種分割,削弱了創作者跨協定經營的誘因,也阻礙跨協定網絡效應的擴展。
Developer experience implications: Protocol interoperability significantly affects developer incentives and application
(後文未完)quality. Applications built on highly composable protocols like Lens can leverage existing social graphs, content, and monetization infrastructure without rebuilding these components from scratch.
質量。 構建於高度可組合協議(如 Lens)上的應用程式,能夠利用既有的社交網絡、內容和營利基礎設施,無需從零開始重建這些組件。
This composability enables smaller development teams to build sophisticated social applications that would require massive infrastructure investments on traditional platforms. However, it also creates dependencies on protocol stability and governance decisions made by entities outside developers' control.
這種可組合性讓較小的開發團隊也能夠打造在傳統平台上需龐大基礎建設投資的複雜社交應用。然而,同時也造成開發者需依賴協議的穩定性及由協議外部實體所做的治理決策。
User experience complexity: While technical interoperability enables powerful functionality, it often comes at the cost of user experience complexity. Users managing identities across multiple protocols must understand different token systems, governance mechanisms, and technical concepts that mainstream social media abstracts away.
使用者體驗的複雜度: 技術上的互通性雖然帶來強大功能,但往往以增加使用者體驗的複雜性為代價。用戶若要在多協議間管理身份,必須了解不同的代幣系統、治理機制與技術概念,而這些在主流社群媒體中則被抽象化處理。
The most successful interoperability solutions will likely hide protocol complexity behind familiar user interfaces while maintaining the underlying benefits of composability and portability.
最成功的協作性解決方案,很可能會將協議的複雜度隱藏在熟悉的使用者介面背後,同時保有可組合性與可攜性的優勢。
Network effects and composability: Interoperability could accelerate network effects by enabling applications to share users and content rather than competing for exclusive attention. However, it might also weaken network effects by reducing switching costs and platform lock-in that helps individual platforms reach critical mass.
網路效應與可組合性: 互通性可讓應用分享用戶與內容,而不必為爭取獨佔注意力相互競爭,從而加速網路效應。不過,這同時也可能因降低用戶的轉換成本及平台綁定度,而削弱了單一平台累積規模所需的網路效應。
The tension between open standards that benefit users and proprietary features that enable sustainable business models remains unresolved across the ecosystem.
開放標準(對用戶有利)與獨家功能(支持永續商業模式)之間的張力,至今在這個生態圈仍未有定論。
Risks and downsides
Decentralized social media protocols face significant risks that could limit adoption, create new forms of harm, or lead to regulatory crackdowns. Honest assessment of these challenges is essential for understanding both the realistic potential and limitations of DeSoc alternatives to traditional platforms.
去中心化社群媒體協議面臨可能限制採用、產生新型傷害,甚至引致監管打壓的重大風險。誠實評估這些挑戰有助於理解 DeSoc(去中心化社社交)取代傳統平台的實際潛力與限制。
Spam and abuse scalability: Decentralized networks often struggle more than centralized platforms to combat sophisticated spam and abuse campaigns. The distributed nature of content storage and moderation creates multiple attack vectors for bad actors seeking to manipulate discourse or harm users.
垃圾訊息與濫用的可擴展性: 去中心化網絡在對抗高級垃圾訊息與濫用活動方面,往往比中心化平台更加困難。內容儲存與審查的分散性,使惡意分子擁有多種攻擊途徑,可以操縱言論或傷害用戶。
Nostr's radical openness enables anyone to create identities and relay content without permission, but this same property makes the protocol vulnerable to spam attacks that could overwhelm relay operators. Early Nostr adoption faced significant spam challenges that required community-developed filtering solutions.
Nostr 的高度開放允許任何人無需許可創建身份與傳送內容,但也因此使協議容易受到垃圾訊息攻擊,甚至可能癱瘓轉遞運營商。Nostr 在早期採用階段就面臨嚴重的垃圾訊息問題,必須依靠社群自發開發過濾方案。
Privacy and surveillance risks: While DeSoc protocols offer protection from corporate surveillance, they may create new privacy vulnerabilities. On-chain social interactions become permanently visible to anyone with blockchain analysis tools, potentially enabling harassment, doxxing, or government surveillance of dissidents.
隱私與監控風險: DeSoc 協議雖可免於企業監控,但可能產生新的隱私漏洞。鏈上社群互動對擁有區塊鏈分析工具的人永久透明,可能成為騷擾、肉搜(起底)或政府監控異議人士的工具。
Lens Protocol's public NFT profiles make social connections and content interactions permanently visible on blockchain explorers. Users cannot delete their social history in the same way they might delete posts on traditional platforms, creating long-term privacy implications.
Lens 協議的公開 NFT 個人資料,將社交連結和內容互動永久展現在區塊鏈瀏覽器上。用戶無法像在傳統平台一樣刪除自己的社交歷史,產生長遠的隱私影響。
User experience and onboarding complexity: The persistent requirement for crypto wallets, private key management, and blockchain familiarity creates significant barriers to mainstream adoption. Lost private keys mean permanently lost access to social identities and content, a risk that doesn't exist with traditional password-based systems.
用戶體驗與上手難度: 長期需持有加密錢包、管理私鑰與熟悉區塊鏈,讓主流用戶難以進入。私鑰遺失即代表永遠失去對社交身份與內容的存取,這在傳統密碼系統中並不存在。
Technical complexity extends beyond individual users to application developers, who must integrate multiple protocols, handle various token standards, and manage distributed infrastructure to build competitive social experiences.
技術上的複雜性不僅限於一般用戶,開發者還需整合多種協議、處理各種代幣標準與管理分布式基礎設施,才能打造有競爭力的社交體驗。
Economic capture and wealth concentration: Despite idealistic goals around democratization, early DeSoc adoption demonstrates patterns of wealth concentration similar to traditional platforms. Friend.tech's top 3 creators captured 34.6% of total royalties, while trading bots earned 34% of total creator revenue.
經濟壟斷與財富集中: 儘管標榜民主化理想,DeSoc 早期採用者展現出的財富集中現象與傳統平台無異。例如 Friend.tech 前三大創作者就瓜分了 34.6% 的版稅,交易機器人則賺取了全部創作者收入的 34%。
Token-based governance systems amplify wealth concentration by giving disproportionate political power to large holders. This "plutocracy" problem could lead to protocol capture by wealthy individuals or organizations that undermine community interests.
基於代幣的治理系統將過度的政治權力賦予大戶,進而加劇財富集中。這種「富豪統治」問題可能令富有個人或機構掌控協議,損害社群利益。
Regulatory crackdown scenarios: Governments facing challenges from decentralized platforms might implement broad regulatory restrictions that make DeSoc protocols difficult or illegal to operate. China's comprehensive cryptocurrency ban provides a template for how jurisdictions might restrict blockchain-based social networking.
監管打壓情境: 當去中心化平台衝擊政府管控時,政府可能祭出全面性監管限制,使 DeSoc 協議運行困難甚至違法。中國實施的全面加密貨幣禁令,已成為各國限制區塊鏈社交網絡的範本。
The pseudonymous nature of many DeSoc protocols complicates know-your-customer (KYC) and anti-money laundering (AML) compliance, potentially leading to regulatory restrictions on platforms that enable anonymous social interactions combined with financial transactions.
多數 DeSoc 協議採取「假名制」,複雜化 KYC(認識你的客戶)與洗錢防制(AML)合規要求,可能使允許匿名互動且結合金融交易的平台遭受更多監管限制。
Technical failure modes: Distributed systems introduce new categories of technical risks that don't exist in centralized platforms. Farcaster's Hub synchronization challenges create data consistency problems that could lead to content loss or conflicting social graphs across the network.
技術失效模式: 分布式系統帶來許多在中心化平台上不存在的技術風險。例如 Farcaster 的 Hub 同步問題,造成資料一致性困難,導致內容遺失或全網社交關係圖衝突。
Smart contract bugs in protocols like Lens could compromise user profiles, social connections, or financial assets in ways that are difficult or impossible to recover. The immutable nature of blockchain systems means that code errors can create permanent problems.
像 Lens 這類協議中的智能合約漏洞,可能損害用戶個人資料、社交連結或資產,且現有技術難以還原。區塊鏈不可變動的特性,使得程式碼錯誤能造成永久損害。
Social engineering and financial fraud: The integration of social networking with financial primitives creates new opportunities for sophisticated fraud schemes. Social tokens and NFT-based social features enable scammers to exploit social relationships for financial gain in ways that traditional platforms don't facilitate.
社交工程與金融詐騙: 將社交功能與金融原語結合,開啟了各種進階詐騙的空間。以社交代幣及 NFT 為基礎的社交功能,使騙徒能以交情詐財,這在傳統平台並不常見。
"Rug pull" scenarios where creators abandon communities after selling social tokens represent new forms of social fraud enabled by financializing social relationships.
像創作者預售社交代幣後拋棄社群的「拉地毯」(Rug pull)情境,正是金融化社交關係下的新型社交詐欺。
Censorship resistance versus harmful content: The fundamental tension between censorship resistance and content safety may prove irreconcilable at scale. Protocols that successfully resist authoritarian censorship may also resist efforts to remove genuinely harmful content like harassment, hate speech, or illegal material.
抗審查性與有害內容: 「抗審查」與「內容安全」的矛盾,在規模化後恐怕難以解決。能成功抵抗威權審查的協議,同時也可能難以移除如騷擾、仇恨言論、非法內容等真正有害的資訊。
This tension becomes particularly acute for protocols operating globally across jurisdictions with different free speech norms and legal requirements.
對於跨越多法域、擁有不同言論自由與法律規範的全球性協議,這種張力更加嚴重。
Centralization pressures: Despite decentralized architecture, economic and technical pressures often push DeSoc protocols toward centralization over time. Farcaster's Warpcast client captures 95% market share, creating practical centralization even within a decentralized protocol.
中心化壓力: 儘管有去中心化的架構,經濟與技術壓力會讓 DeSoc 協議隨時間逐漸傾向中心化。例如 Farcaster 的 Warpcast 客戶端占據 95% 市場,讓協議實際上走向中心化。
Infrastructure requirements for running nodes, relays, or validation may concentrate in the hands of large operators due to technical expertise and resource requirements, recreating centralization at the infrastructure layer.
運行節點、轉遞或驗證所需的技術能力與資源,也可能聚集在少數大型運營商手中,於基礎建設層面再現中心化。
Mitigation strategies: The most successful DeSoc protocols will likely implement multiple risk mitigation strategies rather than relying on decentralization alone to solve these problems. Hybrid architectures that combine decentralized benefits with centralized user experience and safety features may prove more practical than pure decentralization.
風險緩解策略: 最成功的 DeSoc 協議應會實施多重風險控管,而不是僅靠去中心化解決所有問題。混合式架構結合去中心化帶來的好處與中心化的用戶體驗、內容安全,或許比純粹的去中心化更具實用性。
Regulatory engagement and compliance by design could help protocols avoid crackdown scenarios while preserving core benefits of user ownership and portability. Technical solutions like zero-knowledge proofs might enable privacy protection without facilitating illegal activities.
導入設計上的監管協調與合規,能幫助協議在保有用戶主權與可攜性的同時避免遭受打壓。像零知識證明這類技術方案,或許能兼顧隱私保護與阻絕非法行為。
Case studies
Creator monetization success: Friend.tech's revenue revolution
Friend.tech demonstrated that social tokenization could generate significant creator revenue within weeks of launch, proving that crypto-native audiences will pay premium prices for exclusive social access. Launched August 10, 2023, on Base blockchain, the platform enabled creators to sell "keys" for private chatroom access using a bonding curve pricing mechanism.
Friend.tech 證明「社交代幣化」可以在上線數週內創造可觀創作者收入,也證實原生加密用戶願意為專屬社交權益支付高價。平台於 2023 年 8 月 10 日在 Base 區塊鏈推出,允許創作者以債券曲線定價機制出售「鑰匙」作為私人聊天室的入場券。
The financial results exceeded all expectations. Within two months, the platform generated over $20 million in total volume, distributing $18.4 million directly to creators. Top creator @Cobie earned more than $440,000 individually, while the platform's top 25 creators combined earned $2.8 million in royalties during the first 12 days.
財務成績遠超預期,上線兩個月內平台總成交額突破 2,000 萬美元,直接分配給創作者 1,840 萬美元。頂尖創作者 @Cobie 個人收入超過 44 萬美元,前 25 強創作者於首 12 天合計賺取 280 萬美元提成。
The economic mechanics proved sophisticated beyond simple tipping. Automated trading bots captured $5.9 million (34% of total creator revenue), indicating that the platform functioned as both social network and financial market. Daily fees peaked at $1.4 million, temporarily surpassing established DeFi protocols like Uniswap and Tron.
平台經濟機制遠超單純打賞小費。自動化交易機器人賺得 590 萬美元(佔創作者收入 34%),顯示該平台同時具社交網絡與金融市場的屬性。每日手續費曾衝至 140 萬美元,短暫超越 Uniswap、Tron 等成熟 DeFi 協議。
However, the platform's trajectory also highlighted sustainability challenges in crypto-native social monetization. User engagement declined significantly after the initial speculation period, and the development team eventually transferred control to a null address, effectively shutting down the protocol. Despite generating massive revenue, Friend.tech failed to achieve long-term community building beyond financial speculation.
然而,平台的發展軌跡也突顯出加密原生社交獲利的永續挑戰。投機熱潮過後用戶參與度大幅下滑,團隊最終將控制權移交至空地址,實質上等於關停協議。Friend.tech 雖創下巨大收入,卻未能在金融投機之外建立長期社群。
Content moderation failure: Private spaces governance challenges
The Anti-Defamation League's 2024 study of content moderation in private social spaces revealed systematic failures across traditional and decentralized platforms that highlight persistent governance challenges. Researchers tested Facebook, Discord, and Roblox by posting 10 pieces of violative content in private groups to assess platform detection and response capabilities.
反誹謗聯盟(ADL)2024 年針對私人社交空間的內容管理研究,揭示了無論傳統還是去中心化平台在治理上的系統性失敗。研究人員在 Facebook、Discord 和 Roblox 的私人群組發佈 10 則違規內容,檢驗平台的檢測與回應機制。
Results demonstrated serious gaps in content safety systems. Only Facebook showed any proactive moderation of violative content, while Discord and Roblox exhibited zero proactive detection. Even after user reports, platforms struggled with content in languages outside their primary training data - Facebook failed to moderate hate speech posted in Tok Pisin, a Papua New Guinea dialect.
結果顯示內容安全機制存在嚴重缺口。僅有 Facebook 對違規內容展現主動審查,Discord 和 Roblox 則完全沒有自動偵測。用戶舉報後,平台對主訓練語料外的內容仍難以應對——Facebook 對巴布亞紐幾內亞語 Tok Pisin 發表的仇恨言論也未能審查。
Accessibility testing revealed additional systemic problems. Content moderation toolsproved largely inaccessible to users with visual impairments, creating safety vulnerabilities for vulnerable communities that lack equal access to reporting mechanisms.
對視覺障礙用戶而言,這些系統大多難以使用,導致缺乏平等舉報機制的弱勢社群面臨安全漏洞。
The study's implications for decentralized social media prove significant. If well-resourced traditional platforms struggle with content safety in private spaces, distributed protocols with limited moderation infrastructure face even greater challenges. Community-driven moderation approaches must account for language diversity, accessibility needs, and the technical sophistication required for effective content governance.
這項研究對去中心化社群媒體具有重大啟示。若即使是資源充足的傳統平台在私人空間的內容安全上都面臨困難,擁有有限審查基礎建設的去中心化協議則會遭遇更大挑戰。社群驅動的審查方案必須考量語言多樣性、無障礙需求,以及有效治理內容所需的技術複雜度。
Platform responses varied significantly. Roblox engaged directly with researchers to implement improvements, while other platforms made only incremental changes. This highlights how community pressure and academic research can drive policy improvements when platforms remain responsive to external feedback.
各平台的回應大相逕庭。Roblox直接與研究人員合作進行改進,而其他平台僅做出有限的調整。這突顯出,只要平台願意對外部意見保持回應,社群壓力與學術研究就能推動政策改善。
Community DAO success: Lens Protocol's hybrid governance
Lens Protocol's governance evolution demonstrates how blockchain-based social platforms can implement community-driven decision-making without sacrificing technical development velocity. Rather than implementing token voting from launch, Lens developed a hybrid system combining GitHub-based proposals with community feedback and technical expert review.
Lens Improvement Proposals (LIPs), launched in 2023, establish a transparent process for protocol evolution that avoids common DAO pitfalls like voter apathy and plutocratic control. The system successfully navigated major technical decisions including the V2 upgrade introducing Open Actions and the V3 transition to custom blockchain infrastructure.
The governance model's effectiveness shows in concrete outcomes: over 110,000 profiles supported, hundreds of applications built on the protocol, and successful fundraising of $31 million in December 2024. More importantly, the protocol avoided governance disputes or community splits that have plagued other crypto projects.
Key innovations include Follow NFTs that enable governance participation proportional to social engagement rather than financial investment, and a community multisig that prevents unilateral control while enabling collective action. This creates accountability mechanisms without the gridlock that often affects pure DAO governance.
The system's scalability remains tested but promising. As the protocol grows toward mainstream adoption, maintaining community legitimacy while enabling rapid technical iteration will require continued governance innovation.
Interoperability win: RSS3's cross-protocol bridge
RSS3's Universal Social API solved a fundamental fragmentation problem in decentralized social media by creating seamless integration between previously incompatible protocols. The infrastructure enables developers to build applications that span Farcaster, Lens, and Nostr without requiring users to choose between protocols or manage multiple identities.
Technical implementation involved creating standardized APIs that abstract protocol-specific details while preserving unique features of each network. Developers can retrieve social content, track user activities, and enable cross-protocol interactions through single integration rather than implementing separate systems for each protocol.
The economic impact includes reduced development complexity that enables smaller teams to build sophisticated multi-protocol applications. Applications like Yup Live leverage RSS3 infrastructure to aggregate content across multiple social graphs, creating user experiences that transcend individual protocol limitations.
User benefits include unified social experiences without requiring technical knowledge of underlying protocols. Content discovery spans multiple networks, social connections remain portable between applications, and creators can reach audiences across protocol boundaries without separate posting workflows.
The success demonstrates that interoperability solutions can create value for all ecosystem participants - protocols gain broader developer adoption, developers reduce integration complexity, and users access more diverse content and social connections. This represents one of the most concrete examples of composability benefits in decentralized social media.
Growth retention experiment: Farcaster's Frames impact analysis
Farcaster's January 2024 launch of interactive "Frames" provides the clearest example of product innovation driving sustainable user adoption in decentralized social media. The feature enabled embedded applications within social posts, allowing users to participate in polls, mint NFTs, or execute transactions without leaving their social feed.
The growth impact exceeded internal projections. Daily active users increased 400% within one week, from approximately 5,000 to 24,700 users. Peak engagement reached 50,000 active users and 720,000 interactions on February 4, 2024, with daily post volume spiking from 200,000 to 2 million casts.
More importantly, statistical analysis of 327,788 users revealed significant retention improvements. Users mentioned or tagged during their first week showed 69% retention rates compared to 56% for users without early social connections - a 13.2 percentage point improvement with high statistical significance.
The retention data suggests that interactive features create stickier user experiences than passive social consumption. Users who engaged with Frames during onboarding demonstrated 76% higher odds of remaining active after 30 days compared to users who joined before Frames launched.
Geographic analysis showed adoption concentrated in North American and European crypto communities, with significant developer activity in Asia-Pacific building Frame applications. Limited penetration in regions with lower crypto familiarity highlighted adoption barriers that persist despite product innovation.
Enterprise pilot: DeSo blockchain institutional infrastructure
DeSo Foundation's enterprise blockchain experiment demonstrates how purpose-built social infrastructure could enable institutional adoption of decentralized social media. As the only Layer 1 blockchain designed specifically for social applications, DeSo offers cost efficiencies and native features that general-purpose blockchains cannot match.
Technical advantages include storage costs 1/10,000th those of Ethereum for social interactions, direct on-chain content storage, and native support for creator coins and social NFTs. The Revolution Proof-of-Stake upgrade provides institutional-grade infrastructure with 20% staking rewards and enterprise-level node operation.
The Openfund platform built on DeSo accepts multiple cryptocurrencies for Web3 fundraising, demonstrating cross-chain integration capabilities that could appeal to traditional organizations exploring blockchain adoption. Enterprise APIs supporting JavaScript, Python, and Ruby on Rails enable integration with existing business applications.
However, institutional adoption remains theoretical rather than proven. While the foundation maintains a $200 million treasury and achieved fastest-ever Coinbase listing for a Layer 1 blockchain, concrete enterprise implementations remain limited to pilot projects rather than production deployments.
Barriers to enterprise adoption include regulatory uncertainty around blockchain-based social platforms, technical expertise requirements for implementation, and competition from established Web2 alternatives with existing user bases. The complexity of explaining blockchain benefits to non-technical decision-makers also slows institutional evaluation processes.
Comparisons with legacy and federated social
Decentralized social media protocols compete directly with established platforms while offering fundamentally different value propositions around user ownership, content monetization, and platform governance. Understanding these distinctions illuminates both the opportunities and challenges facing DeSoc adoption.
Traditional platform comparison: YouTube, Instagram, and TikTok generate revenue primarily through advertising, taking 30-45% of creator earnings through various fee structures. In contrast, DeSoc platforms typically charge 5% or less, enabling creators to retain most revenue from direct fan support.
However, traditional platforms provide massive network effects that DeSoc cannot match. YouTube serves 2.5 billion users, TikTok reaches 1.5 billion, while Farcaster serves approximately 50,000 daily actives. The monetization advantages of DeSoc platforms matter little if creators cannot reach sufficient audiences to generate meaningful income.
Content recommendation represents another crucial difference. Traditional platforms use sophisticated machine learning systems trained on billions of user interactions to maximize engagement and time-on-platform. DeSoc protocols often lack comparable recommendation systems, relying more heavily on chronological feeds and manual content discovery.
Mastodon and federated alternatives: ActivityPub-based platforms like Mastodon offer decentralization benefits without requiring cryptocurrency knowledge or blockchain infrastructure. Users can choose between thousands of community-operated instances with different moderation policies and cultural norms.
This federation model achieves over 11.7 million active users globally by reducing barriers to adoption while maintaining user choice and community governance. Meta's integration of Threads with ActivityPub brings over 100 million additional users into the federated ecosystem, creating network effects that pure crypto protocols currently lack.
However, Mastodon's governance model places significant technical and financial burdens on instance operators, limiting democratic participation in network governance to users with substantial technical expertise. DeSoc protocols like Lens enable broader community participation
社群 DAO 成功案例:Lens Protocol 的混合治理模式
Lens Protocol 的治理演進展示了區塊鏈社交平台如何在不犧牲技術迭代速度的前提下,實現社群主導的決策。Lens 並未從一開始就實行代幣投票,而是發展出結合 GitHub 提案、社群回饋與技術專家審查的混合制度。
Lens Improvement Proposals(LIPs)於 2023 年啟動,建立了一套透明的協議升級流程,有效避免了 DAO 常見的選民冷漠與富人壟斷等弊病。此系統成功推動多項重大技術決策,包括引進 Open Actions 的 V2 升級與轉向自有區塊鏈基礎建設的 V3 轉型。
該治理模型的有效性反映在具體成果上:超過 11 萬份使用者資料、數百款建構於協議之上的應用,以及 2024 年 12 月順利募資 3,100 萬美元。更重要的是,該協議成功避免了其他加密專案常有的治理糾紛與社群分裂。
核心創新包括將社交互動程度而非財務投入做為治理參與權重的 Follow NFT,以及確保社群多簽的機制,防止單一方控制同時促成集體行動。這類設計帶來問責機制而不會像純 DAO 一樣陷入癱瘓僵局。
該系統的可擴展性仍在驗證中,但前景看好。隨著協議逐步邁向主流採用,持續創新治理架構將是兼顧社群正當性與快速技術進展的關鍵。
互通性突破:RSS3 跨協議橋接
RSS3 的 Universal Social API 解決了去中心化社群媒體長期以來的分散難題,首次讓原本無法互通的多條協議無縫整合。這一基礎建設使開發者能跨 Farcaster、Lens、Nostr 等協議打造應用程式,無需用戶選擇單一協議或管理多重身份。
技術實作上,RSS3 創建了標準化 API,抽象掉各協議細節,同時保留各自特色。開發者僅需單一整合介面即可獲取社交內容、追蹤用戶活動與實現跨協議互動,無須針對每條協議建構獨立系統。
經濟效益方面,開發複雜度大幅降低,小型團隊也能打造高端多協議應用。例如 Yup Live 就利用 RSS3 整合多個社交圖譜內容,帶來突破單一協議限制的用戶體驗。
使用者端受益於一體化社交體驗,無需瞭解底層協議技術。內容探索可橫跨多個網路,社交關係可於各應用間自由攜帶,創作者亦能透過單一平台觸及多協議聽眾,無須分開張貼內容。
這一成功案例展現了互通解決方案帶給生態所有參與者的共同價值:協議加速被開發者採用、開發者簡化整合流程、用戶獲得更豐富的內容與社交連結。此舉為去中心化社群媒體可組合性的最大實例之一。
用戶成長與留存實驗:Farcaster Frames 影響分析
Farcaster 於 2024 年 1 月推出互動式「Frames」功能,成為產品創新推動去中心化社群媒體用戶永續成長的最佳範例。此功能允許將應用程式嵌入社交貼文,讓用戶能直接在動態牆內參與投票、鑄造 NFT、或執行交易。
成長表現超出團隊預期。單週內日活用戶數飆升 400%,自約 5,000 人增至 24,700 人。2024 年 2 月 4 日峰值時,活躍用戶達 5 萬,互動次數高達 72 萬;日發文量自 20 萬則暴增至 200 萬則。
更重要的是,對 327,788 位用戶的統計分析顯示留存大幅提升。新註冊首週有被標註或提及的用戶,留存率達 69%,遠高於未建立社交連結的 56%;差距達 13.2 個百分點,且具有高度統計顯著性。
這表示,互動性功能比被動式社群消費更能提升用戶黏著度。於註冊階段參與 Frames 的用戶,30 天後活躍機率較 Frames 推出前入駐者高出 76%。
地理分布分析顯示,Frames 的普及集中於北美與歐洲加密社群,亞太地區有大量開發 Frame 應用者。但在加密認知較低的地區,滲透有限,顯示產品創新外的採用障礙仍存在。
企業試點:DeSo 區塊鏈機構級基礎建設
DeSo 基金會的企業區塊鏈實驗說明了專為社交設計的基礎建設如何可能推進機構採納去中心化社群媒體。DeSo 作為唯一專注於社交應用的一層區塊鏈,擁有一般區塊鏈無法比擬的成本效率與原生功能。
技術優勢包括社交互動儲存成本僅以太坊的萬分之一、內容可直接鏈上儲存,以及原生支援創作者代幣和社群 NFT。Revolution 權益證明升級(Proof-of-Stake)提供 20% 質押獎勵和企業級主節點運作能力。
以 DeSo 為基礎的 Openfund 募資平台支援多種加密貨幣,跨鏈能力有望吸引有意嘗試區塊鏈的傳統機構。企業級 API 同時支援 JavaScript、Python、Ruby on Rails,便於整合現有商用應用。
但企業採納仍屬於理論層面。即使基金會擁有 2 億美元金庫,並創下 Layer1 區塊鏈最快 Coinbase 上架記錄,實際落地案例仍侷限於試點,尚未見到正式生產環境大規模部署。
企業採用障礙包括區塊鏈社交平台的監管不確定性、導入技術門檻高,以及來自既有 Web2 平台的強力競爭。如何向非技術決策者說明區塊鏈優勢的複雜度,也進一步延緩企業評估。
與傳統與聯邦式社群的比較
去中心化社群媒體直接與既有平台競爭,同時在用戶權益、內容變現、平台治理等核心面向上提供截然不同的價值主張。理解這些差異,能釐清 DeSoc 發展的機會與挑戰。
傳統平台比較:YouTube、Instagram 及 TikTok 主要依靠廣告營收,對創作者課收 30-45% 各類費用。相比之下,DeSoc 平台多半抽成不超過 5%,讓創作者得以留存大部分粉絲直屬收入。
然傳統平台擁有 DeSoc 無法比擬的巨大網路效應。YouTube 用戶高達 25 億,TikTok 有 15 億,而 Farcaster 約僅有 5 萬日活。若無足夠受眾再高的變現效率於創作者收益意義有限。
內容推薦是另一大關鍵。傳統平台以龐大用戶數據訓練精密推薦系統,極大提升黏著與停留時間;DeSoc 協議多半仍缺此類推薦,更多仰賴時間線與手動內容發現。
Mastodon 及聯邦式替代方案:基於 ActivityPub 的 Mastodon 類平台帶來去中心化益處,無需加密貨幣或區塊鏈知識,用戶可自由選擇不同審查政策與文化的數千個社群實例。
這一聯邦模式全球已吸引超過 1,170 萬活躍用戶。一方面降低進入障礙同時保有用戶選擇權與社群治理。Meta 將 Threads 接入 ActivityPub,更引進逾 1 億用戶,為純加密協議目前所缺乏的網路效應提供補足。
但 Mastodon 的治理結構卻讓實例營運者承擔相當高的技術與財務門檻,使得網路治理的民主參與門檻只限於具備高專業能力的用戶。Lens 這類 DeSoc 協議則令更廣泛的社群得以參與治理。through token-based governance systems.
透過基於代幣的治理系統。
Bluesky's hybrid approach: Bluesky represents an interesting middle ground between traditional centralization and crypto-native decentralization. The AT Protocol enables algorithmic choice and data portability without requiring cryptocurrency wallets or token economics.
Bluesky 的混合式做法:Bluesky 代表了傳統中心化與加密原生去中心化之間有趣的中間地帶。AT Protocol 讓用戶可以選擇演算法並實現資料可攜性,且無需加密貨幣錢包或代幣經濟。
User growth to 27+ million demonstrates significant market demand for Twitter alternatives that maintain familiar user experiences. Bluesky's "marketplace of algorithms" could prove more attractive to mainstream users than crypto-native approaches to content discovery and social interaction.
用戶成長至超過 2,700 萬人,顯示保持熟悉用戶體驗的 Twitter 替代方案有明顯的市場需求。Bluesky 的「演算法市集」相比加密原生的方法,可能對主流用戶更具吸引力,特別是在內容探索與社交互動方面。
The platform's stackable moderation system offers more sophisticated content governance than most DeSoc protocols while remaining more user-controlled than corporate moderation policies. This suggests that non-crypto decentralized approaches might achieve broader adoption than blockchain-based alternatives.
此平台可堆疊的內容審核系統,提供比多數 DeSoc 協議更精緻的內容治理,同時又比企業內部審核政策更具用戶自主性。這顯示非加密的去中心化方法,有機會比區塊鏈替代品取得更廣泛的採用。
Regulatory and policy outlook
法規與政策展望
The regulatory landscape for decentralized social media remains in flux as governments worldwide grapple with how existing internet governance frameworks apply to distributed platforms. Policy developments over the next several years will significantly influence which DeSoc models can achieve mainstream adoption.
去中心化社交媒體的監管環境仍然充滿變數,全球政府皆努力釐清現行網路治理架構如何適用於分散式平台。未來幾年的政策演變,將大大影響哪些 DeSoc 模式能夠獲得主流採用。
Section 230 evolution: US internet law faces potential transformation as courts narrow Section 230 protections and legislators consider comprehensive reform. The Third Circuit's Anderson v. TikTok ruling excluded algorithmic content recommendations from liability immunity, potentially affecting DeSoc protocols that implement AI-driven feeds.
第 230 條款變革:美國網路法律可能將變動,法院已逐步縮限第 230 條款保護範圍,立法機關也考慮全面改革。第三巡迴法院在 Anderson v. TikTok 案中,將演算法內容推薦排除於免責權外,這有可能影響採用 AI 推薦內容的 DeSoc 協議。
Bipartisan proposals to sunset Section 230 by 2026 could force comprehensive legal restructuring of social media liability frameworks. DeSoc protocols might benefit from more predictable legal standards, but they could also face increased compliance burdens that favor large centralized platforms with extensive legal resources.
兩黨提出在 2026 年前終止第 230 條款,這可能迫使社交媒體責任架構徹底重組。DeSoc 協議雖可能受益於更可預測的法律標準,卻同時可能面臨合規負擔加重,而對大型、具法律資源的中心化平台更為有利。
EU Digital Services Act implementation: European enforcement of the DSA creates global compliance requirements for platforms serving EU users. The first major investigation targeting X (formerly Twitter) demonstrates that decentralized architecture doesn't shield platforms from regulatory scrutiny.
歐盟數位服務法 (DSA) 上路:歐洲對 DSA 的執行,要求為歐盟用戶服務的平台在全球範圍內達到合規。首宗針對 X(前推特)的重大調查,證明去中心化架構並不會讓平台免受監管審查。
DeSoc protocols must develop compliance frameworks for content transparency, risk assessment, and illegal content removal despite their distributed nature. The challenge lies in implementing centralized compliance systems without undermining the decentralization benefits that differentiate these platforms from traditional alternatives.
即使是去中心化架構,DeSoc 協議仍必須制定有關內容透明、風險評估和非法內容刪除的合規框架。如何不損及去中心化優勢的前提下,執行集中式合規系統,將是一大挑戰。
International coordination needs: Cross-border content flows inherent in decentralized protocols require international coordination on content standards and enforcement mechanisms. Different cultural norms around free expression, hate speech, and political content create conflicts when global protocols must satisfy diverse legal requirements simultaneously.
國際協調需求:去中心化協議天生涉及跨境內容流動,因此必須在內容標準與執法機制方面進行國際協調。當全球協議需同時滿足多元法律要求時,針對言論自由、仇恨言論及政治內容的不同文化規範,會產生嚴重衝突。
The most successful DeSoc protocols will likely implement jurisdictional compliance systems that respect local laws while maintaining global interoperability. Technical solutions like content labeling and geographic filtering could enable compliance without fragmenting global social networks.
最成功的 DeSoc 協議,很可能會實施區域法規的合規機制,一方面尊重在地法律,一方面維持全球互通性。諸如內容標註與地理過濾等技術手段,可協助合規同時避免全球社群網路破碎化。
Policy recommendations for balanced outcomes: Regulators should develop proportionate compliance frameworks that recognize the limited resources of community-operated nodes and instances while maintaining essential safety requirements. Risk-based regulations that scale requirements with platform size and influence could preserve space for innovation.
政策建議以取得平衡:監管機關應制定相稱的合規架構,既考慮社群自行營運節點的資源有限,又保持基本安全要求。以風險為本、隨平台規模和影響力調整規定的方式,能保留創新的空間。
Safe harbor protections should extend to distributed social infrastructure while maintaining accountability for illegal content. Legal clarity around liability distribution between protocol developers, node operators, and application builders will enable sustainable business models.
安全港保護應擴及分散式社交基礎設施,同時確保對非法內容問責明確。釐清協議開發者、節點營運者和應用建置者間的責任分配,有助於建立可持續的商業模式。
Innovation sandboxes could allow experimental governance models to develop best practices before broader regulatory application. Regulatory agencies should engage with DeSoc communities to understand technical capabilities and limitations rather than imposing solutions designed for centralized platforms.
創新沙盒機制可讓實驗性治理模式先行試水溫,再逐步推廣至更廣泛的監管適用範圍。監管機構應與 DeSoc 社群溝通,瞭解其技術能耐及限制,而非直接套用為中心化平台設計的解決方案。
Future regulatory scenarios: Favorable regulatory development could include updated internet governance frameworks that recognize decentralized platforms as distinct from traditional social media, with appropriate compliance requirements and liability protections.
未來監管情境:較為有利的發展,包括更新網路治理架構,將去中心化平台與傳統社交媒體區別對待,並制定相應合規要求與責任保護。
Neutral scenarios might involve applying existing regulations to DeSoc protocols without significant modification, creating compliance burdens but not prohibitive restrictions on operation and development.
中性情境則包括將現行法規直接套用在 DeSoc 協議,產生一定合規壓力,但不至於對運營及發展構成嚴重障礙。
Adverse regulatory outcomes could include broad restrictions on pseudonymous social networking, cryptocurrency integration, or cross-border data flows that make DeSoc protocols difficult to operate legally in major jurisdictions.
負面情境則可能包括對匿名或假名社群、加密貨幣整合或跨境資料流動的廣泛限制,使 DeSoc 協議在主要司法轄區難以合法運作。
The regulatory response will likely depend on whether DeSoc platforms demonstrate superior outcomes for user safety, democratic discourse, and innovation compared to incumbent alternatives, or whether they create new harms that justify restrictive policy responses.
監管反應最終還是取決於 DeSoc 平台是否在用戶安全、民主討論及創新等方面,展現超越傳統選擇的成效,或反之產生新的風險,使嚴格政策成為正當回應。
Future scenarios
未來情境
The future trajectory of decentralized social media depends on technological breakthroughs, regulatory developments, and market dynamics that remain highly uncertain. Three scenarios capture the range of plausible outcomes over the next 1-3 years.
去中心化社交媒體的未來發展軌跡,取決於科技突破、監管演變及市場動態,而這些因素目前仍高度不確定。以下三種情境反映接下來 1-3 年內可能出現的多元結果。
Bull case scenario: DeSoc achieves mainstream adoption breakthrough through dramatically improved user experience and compelling creator economics. Key triggers include successful wallet abstraction that eliminates crypto complexity, viral content or creator migrations that drive network effects, and regulatory clarity that enables institutional adoption.
樂觀情境:DeSoc 憑藉大幅提升的用戶體驗和強大創作者經濟誘因,成功突破主流採用門檻。重大觸發事件包括錢包抽象化順利(消弭加密貨幣操作複雜度)、爆紅內容或創作者遷徙帶動網路效應、監管明確化促成機構採納。
In this scenario, at least one major DeSoc protocol reaches 100+ million active users by 2027. Creator revenue sharing advantages prove decisive in attracting high-quality content creators from traditional platforms. Cross-protocol interoperability enables rich application ecosystems that provide superior user experiences to centralized alternatives.
此情境下,至少有一個重點 DeSoc 協議於 2027 年達到 1 億以上活躍用戶。創作者分潤優勢成為吸引高質內容創作者脫離傳統平台的關鍵。跨協議互通,帶來豐富的應用生態,讓用戶體驗超越中心化競爭對手。
Success metrics to monitor include monthly active user growth exceeding 20% consistently, total creator revenue reaching $1+ billion annually across DeSoc platforms, and major brand or institutional adoption for community building and customer engagement.
重要指標包括:每月活躍用戶持續成長逾 20%;DeSoc 平台全年創作者總收入突破 10 億美元;大型品牌或機構積極導入用於經營社群與客戶互動。
Base case scenario: DeSoc protocols achieve sustainable niche adoption among crypto-native communities while gradually expanding to adjacent audiences interested in creator economy participation and platform independence. Growth remains steady but limited by user experience complexity and network effect challenges.
基本情境:DeSoc 協議在加密原生社群穩定發展,並逐漸擴展至關注創作者經濟、追求平台自主的周邊群體。成長穩定,但受限於用戶體驗繁瑣與網路效應不足,難以進一步擴大。
This scenario sees leading protocols maintaining hundreds of thousands to low millions of users, with creator monetization models proving viable for digital-native creators but insufficient to drive mass creator migration. Interoperability solutions mature but don't achieve seamless user experiences across protocol boundaries.
此情境下,主流協議擁有數十萬至低百萬用戶,創作者獲利模式適合數位原生創作者,卻無力驅動大規模創作者遷移。協議互操作方案漸趨成熟,但跨協議的無縫用戶體驗尚未實現。
Base case metrics include user bases growing 50-100% annually for leading protocols, creator revenue reaching hundreds of millions annually across the ecosystem, and regulatory frameworks that neither prohibit nor actively promote DeSoc adoption.
指標包括:主流協議用戶群每年成長 50-100%;全生態系創作者每年收入達數億美元;監管框架未全面禁止或積極推廣 DeSoc。
Bear case scenario: DeSoc protocols face insurmountable challenges from user experience complexity, regulatory restrictions, or competitive responses from traditional platforms that make decentralized alternatives unnecessary.
悲觀情境:DeSoc 協議在用戶體驗複雜、監管收緊或傳統平台競爭策略壓力下,遭遇難以克服的阻礙,導致去中心化方案失去存在必要。
Potential negative triggers include major security breaches or financial losses that undermine user trust, regulatory crackdowns that force protocol shutdowns or geographic restrictions, or traditional platform improvements that eliminate key DeSoc value propositions around creator monetization or content ownership.
負面觸發因素如重大的資安事件或財務損失,破壞用戶信任;嚴格的監管打擊,導致協議被迫關閉或區域性限制;傳統平台改良,消弭 DeSoc 在創作者獲利或內容所有權的獨特價值。
In this scenario, current DeSoc platforms remain niche technical experiments with limited mainstream impact. User growth stagnates or declines as speculative interest wanes without sustainable value creation for ordinary users.
此情境下,現存 DeSoc 平台僅淪為利基技術實驗,對大眾市場影響有限;隨著投機熱度消退,用戶成長停滯甚至流失,因無法為一般用戶帶來可持續價值。
Critical uncertainties: The most important factors determining outcomes include the success of user experience improvements, particularly wallet abstraction and onboarding simplification; regulatory responses to decentralized platforms, especially in major markets like the US, EU, and Asia; competitive responses from traditional platforms that could co-opt DeSoc innovations; and the broader trajectory of cryptocurrency adoption and mainstream comfort with blockchain-based applications.
關鍵不確定因素:影響結果的重點在於用戶體驗優化(特別是錢包抽象化與簡化註冊流程)的成敗;主要市場(如美國、歐盟、亞洲)對去中心化平台的監管回應;傳統平台是否藉由汲取 DeSoc 創新反擊競爭;以及加密貨幣普及與大眾對區塊鏈應用的認同趨勢。
Metrics to monitor: User retention rates beyond initial adoption, creator revenue growth and distribution patterns, developer ecosystem health measured by application diversity and funding, cross-protocol interoperability achievements, regulatory enforcement actions and policy developments, and traditional platform responses to DeSoc competitive pressure.
觀察指標包括:用戶留存率、創作者收益增長及分布、開發生態多元性與融資情況、跨協議互操作進展、監管執法動態與政策更新、傳統平台因應 DeSoc 競爭的策略。
The most likely outcome combines elements from multiple scenarios, with different protocols achieving varying degrees of success based on their technical approaches, community development, and market positioning. The next 18 months will likely prove decisive in determining which governance models, technical architectures, and user experience approaches can achieve sustainable growth beyond crypto-native early adopters.
最可能的現實是多種情境共存,不同協議依據技術路線、社群發展與市場定位取得各自不同程度的成功。接下來 18 個月,將是決定哪些治理模式、技術架構與用戶體驗能突破加密原生早期族群、達到可持續發展的關鍵期。
Final thoughts
結語
Decentralized social media protocols have evolved from experimental blockchain applications into sophisticated platforms generating real creator revenue, innovative governance models, and meaningful user adoption. Despite persistent challenges around user experience and mainstream scalability, the fundamental value propositions of user ownership, creator empowerment, and community governance continue driving technical and social innovation.
去中心化社交媒體協議,已經從區塊鏈實驗應用進化成具備實質創作者收益、嶄新治理模型及顯著用戶採用的成熟平台。儘管用戶體驗及主流擴張仍面臨挑戰,但用戶所有權、創作者賦權及社群治理的核心價值,仍持續驅動技術與社會創新。
The evidence demonstrates that alternative social media models work for crypto-native audiences willing to trade user experience complexity for platform independence and superior creator
現有證據顯示,對於願意以平台自主性和創作者優勢換取操作複雜度的加密原生用戶,替代性社群媒體模式確實行得通。economics. Farcaster's 400% growth following technical innovation, Lens Protocol's $342,897 in creator distributions, and Friend.tech's $20+ million in monetization prove that decentralized approaches can compete economically with traditional platforms.
經濟面。Farcaster 在技術創新後實現 400% 的成長,Lens Protocol 向創作者分配了 $342,897,Friend.tech 則實現了超過 $20,000,000 的變現,這些都證明了去中心化的方法在經濟上有能力與傳統平台競爭。
However, achieving mainstream adoption requires solving fundamental challenges around wallet abstraction, cross-protocol interoperability, and content moderation at scale. The most successful DeSoc platforms will likely abstract away blockchain complexity while maintaining core benefits of user ownership and community governance.
然而,要實現主流採用,必須解決錢包抽象化、跨協議互通性以及大規模內容審核等根本性挑戰。最成功的去中心化社交(DeSoc)平台,很可能會在保留用戶擁有權和社群治理這些核心優勢的同時,消除區塊鏈的複雜性。
For builders, the priority should focus on user experience improvements that eliminate crypto-native barriers without sacrificing decentralization benefits. Regulatory engagement and compliance by design will prove essential for sustainable growth beyond experimental communities.
對建設者來說,首要任務應該聚焦於提升用戶體驗,移除加密原生的使用門檻,同時不犧牲去中心化的優勢。積極參與監管並在設計階段確保合規,將成為實現超越實驗性社群、達到永續成長的關鍵。
For creators, DeSoc platforms offer compelling monetization advantages and audience ownership benefits, but network effects remain limited compared to traditional platforms. Early adoption by crypto-native creators could establish competitive advantages as these platforms mature.
對創作者來說,去中心化社交平台提供了吸引人的變現優勢和粉絲擁有權,但其網路效應仍遠不及傳統平台。加密原生創作者的早期進駐,有機會隨著平台成熟,取得競爭優勢。
For policymakers, proportionate regulatory frameworks that preserve innovation space while addressing legitimate safety concerns will determine whether decentralized alternatives can contribute to healthier online discourse and creator economies. The success or failure of these experiments will significantly influence the future architecture of social media and digital community building.
對政策制定者而言,制定兼顧創新空間與安全疑慮的適度監管框架,將決定去中心化替代方案是否能促進更健康的網路討論氛圍與創作者經濟。這些實驗的成敗,將深刻影響未來社群媒體及數位社群的發展架構。

