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我們正處於比特幣超級循環,還是另一個加密貨幣泡沫?

我們正處於比特幣超級循環,還是另一個加密貨幣泡沫?

加密貨幣市場自始至終都具有週期性,經常出現驚人漲勢後又急遽下跌。

2025 年,比特幣及廣泛的加密貨幣市場再次陷入一波強勁漲勢,也再度引發一個長期爭論:這一次會不一樣嗎?我們見證的是長期超級循環的開端,還是僅僅是另一個註定會破滅的投機泡沫?以下我們將深入探討加密市場週期的歷史、「超級循環」的證據以及泡沫警訊,結合可靠資料與專家見解,提供公正且分析性的觀點。

理解加密市場週期

比特幣作為原創加密貨幣,其多數時期都遵循每四年左右一次盛衰節奏。這些週期通常與比特幣的「減半」事件重疊——每四年新比特幣供應量會減半一次。理論上,當供應減少而需求持平或增長時,價格就會上漲,帶動牛市。事實上,每一次減半後都伴隨明顯價格上漲。例如,比特幣在 2012 減半後(2013 年底見頂)、2016 減半後(2017 年底見頂),以及 2020 減半後(2021 年底見頂)都出現大幅上漲。在這些週期中,價格上漲往往引發興奮情緒與新資金湧入,最終產生投機狂潮,並經歷劇烈修正或崩跌。

這樣的週期現象也讓「四年週期理論」成為幣圈普遍認知。老手們常預期將迎來約 1-2 年牛市,隨後是一段數年的熊市。這種規律十分明顯。比如 2013 年比特幣從約 13 美元漲至 1100 多美元,2014 年又暴跌近 80%;2017 年初約 1000 美元,年底衝至近 2 萬美元,2018 年「加密寒冬」再跌超過 80%;最近一次則是 2020 年中不足一萬美元,2021 年 11 月漲至近 6.9 萬美元,2022 年又回落超過 70%。這種瘋狂的牛熊轉換,常被形容為雲霄飛車或溜溜球。正如某位金融策略師調侃:「比特幣每四年真的都會出現這種大跌。」

儘管如此,長遠來看,比特幣的走勢始終向上。每次崩跌過後,價格依舊遠高於前一輪低點。事實上,每一次高峰都遠超前次:從約 1100 美元(2013)到 2 萬美元(2017),再到 6.9 萬美元(2021)。連谷底也逐步抬高(2013 年底低點約 200 美元、2017 年後約 3200 美元、2021 年後約 1.7 萬美元)。這種步步高升讓人產生一個重要觀察:如果這是泡沫,其特性相當特殊。如資深投資人 Andrew Page 所言,「每次崩盤都沒有回到起點,反而還能創新高,如果這是泡沫,那將是有史以來最大、最久、最奇特的泡沫。」

理解這種循環性,對評估 2025 年的行情至關重要。一方面,加密市場不斷重演的繁榮與崩潰,提醒人們每次漲勢都未必永久。另一方面,市場經歷多次崩跌後仍能重回高點,顯示基礎支持力量日益強大。這也正是超級循環與泡沫爭議的核心:加密貨幣是否正走出暴漲暴跌的老路,步入更平穩成長,還是歷史終究會重演?

超級循環 vs. 泡沫:定義何在?

在深入討論前,先簡單釐清概念。金融市場中的「泡沫」是指資產價格在投機與「更大傻瓜」理論推動下,迅速脫離基本面,飆升至不可持續水準,最後「破裂」暴跌,造成資產大幅損失。許多批評者不吝將這標籤加在加密市場。經濟學家 Nouriel Roubini 曾稱之為「史上最大的泡沫」,也有不少人直接把比特幣比做龐氏騙局或沒基本價值的詐騙。在典型泡沫中,資產價格遠高於實際功用或收益,昇值理由只靠新買家持續湧入。某學術分析更直指:「若一項加密貨幣價格只能靠未來投資人出更高價來解釋,那就是泡沫,收益模式類似龐氏騙局。」

另一方則主張「超級循環」。這在加密領域指的是長期牛市或持續高增長,不再重複傳統的盛衰節奏。這意味著「這一次真的不同」——也就是受特殊因素作用(如前所未見的採用率或宏觀經濟條件),市場未必像以往那樣經歷深度、長期的崩盤,反而可能持續上漲或於高位盤整,僅出現溫和修正。比特幣超級循環理論在 2020-2021 年由 Dan Held 推廣,他簡述這是一場「將不同於以往的週期」,因正面力量集結推動牛市進入「超大規模」。此觀點認為加密市場已達關鍵採用與影響力臨界點,舊有的爆炒-信心崩潰模式,有可能讓位給更可持續的成長。支持者認為,龐大的全球流動性、機構主流資金入場及比特幣被視為正規資產等,皆可能將市場帶進只漲不跌的長期上升軌道。

值得注意的是,「超級循環」並非代表永不回調——即使最看好者也認同會有波動。真正的超級循環,意味著未來的跌幅會低於過去那些毀滅性的熊市。舉例來說,經濟學家 Alex Krüger 認為比特幣在 2020 年中期已步入超級循環,並預期「未來只是反覆 20%-40% 修正,而非 85% 的大幅崩跌」。換句話說,短期下跌仍會發生,但如果市場真進入超級循環,那種腰斬甚至更多的劇烈崩盤可能不再重演。

超級循環與泡沫的核心問題就是:目前的高價,是否建立在採用、經濟效益、機構需求等結構性、可持續的基礎上,還是純粹來自終將消退的投機熱潮?要客觀分析,必須同時檢視歷史記錄與現今市場情勢。

加密榮枯史簡述

加密貨幣歷史雖僅十餘年,卻充滿波動,經歷多次週期。每一輪週期皆有不同特點及催化劑,但共通之處是:故事炒熱想像、資金(特別是散戶)追逐暴利、最後現實回歸拉低價格。瞭解過往週期,有助於判斷 2025 年的市場是否真正與眾不同。

  • 2013:早期採用熱潮的「泡沫」。2013 年比特幣首次吸引全球關注,年初價格不到 15 美元,12 月卻衝破 1100 美元,翻了百倍。這波上漲來自早期採用者的熱情與媒體效應,主流故事是比特幣將成全球金融革命,超越政府控制,雖然願景激烈,實際應用和基礎設施仍處萌芽期。2014 年初,現實壓力出現,最大交易所 Mt. Gox 爆發醜聞倒閉,加上監管疑慮,泡沫劇烈破裂——一年內比特幣價格暴跌約 80%,眾多早期山寨幣也跟著爆亡。這是典型的投機泡沫。但值得注意的是,比特幣最終「活了下來」,2015 年跌至 200 多美元,雖買在高點者慘重損失,卻仍大幅高於 2013 年前的價格。這輪走勢確立了過度熱情—嚴厲修正—但不歸零的循環。

  • 2017:ICO 狂潮與散戶 FOMO。2013 可謂加密的出道年,而 2017 則是全面主流化(無論好壞)。年初比特幣約 1000 美元,12 月飆升到將近 2 萬,全體加密貨幣(巨頭如以太坊、瑞波及眾多新幣)漲幅驚人。一大推動力就是 ICO(首次代幣發行)熱,許多新創公司僅靠白皮書募資發幣,市場上充斥各類新幣,標榜將成為下個比特幣或以太坊。全球散戶搶進、害怕錯過暴富機會。投機熱情達頂峰,甚至計程車司機在炒幣、有人貸款買幣。到 2017 年底,泡沫跡象明顯,估值遠遠超越區塊鏈實際應用。2018 年初,狂熱迅速瓦解,中國封殺 ICO、交易所,及多數 ICO 項目全無產品,導致市場猛烈賣壓。比特幣自高點暴跌逾 80%,2018 年底跌至 3200 美元,不少 ICO 代幣更是歸零。短短數月間,加密市場蒸發數千億美元價值。一場泡沫,再次驗證。 2021:機構與DeFi狂潮。經過2019年及大部分2020年的沉寂醞釀,加密貨幣市場於2020年末和2021年再度爆發。比特幣從2020年9月約一萬美元,一路飆升至2021年11月的歷史新高約68,700美元。這一輪漲勢與過往不同,是受到機構採納浪潮與各種新興趨勢(如DeFi(去中心化金融)及NFT(非同質化代幣))的推動。華爾街機構及企業開始配置比特幣——如MicroStrategy與Tesla等知名公司將比特幣納入資產負債表,大型銀行也紛紛推出加密貨幣產品。市場敘事認為加密貨幣已成為合法的宏觀資產類別,一種「數位黃金」與金融未來。加密愛好者宣稱大眾採納時代已到來:日常民眾透過PayPal和Cash App購買比特幣,數位藝術NFT動輒百萬美元成交。然而到了2021年底,過度的投機泡沫開始累積。槓桿居高不下,部分山寨幣及迷因幣(如狗狗幣)的漲幅已無基本面支撐,市場出現明顯的投機跡象。宏觀經濟逆風(如通膨升溫及升息預期)開始顯現壓力。2022年初,加密市場再度進入自由落體。連鎖事件將本輪修正帶成產業史上最嚴重崩盤之一:2022年5月一個主要演算法穩定幣(TerraUSD)失敗,觸發連鎖破產(對沖基金Three Arrows Capital、放貸平台如Celsius與Voyager等相繼倒閉)。2022年11月,全球最大加密貨幣交易所之一FTX在詐欺指控下崩潰,引發市場強烈震盪。結果是從2021年高點到2022年低點,總市值蒸發達2兆美元。比特幣於2022年底一度跌到約16,000美元,自高點回落近75%,許多曾經風光的山寨幣跌幅超過九成。這段經歷再次提醒人們加密貨幣波動之大與過度投機之風險。

儘管2022年崩盤慘烈,產業依然挺了過來。2023年初,加密貨幣開始自「艱難一年」復甦,許多人認為本輪出清最終健康——淘汰了不良分子與過度冒險的計畫,同時促使監管更加謹慎,風險管理更嚴格。每一次週期的泡沫破滅,都淘汰了較弱的項目,迫使社群學習經驗,但加密的核心理念繼續前行。到了2025年,人們的疑問是這些教訓與新的市場動態,是否改變了過去的景氣循環模式。

下方嵌入的是一個稱為「比特幣彩虹價格走勢圖」的圖表,這是一張對數圖,呈現比特幣歷經多輪週期的長期價格走勢,彩帶區分各種估值階段,從「幾乎大拍賣」到「極度泡沫區」。過去像2013年底與2017年底的高點,明顯進入紅色「泡沫區」,而2021年週期高點雖然也很高,卻只到達橘色的「FOMO(害怕錯過)加劇」區段。到了2024年底,比特幣價格再度攀升,但仍低於紅色帶,顯示本輪(目前為止)漲勢比2017年的狂熱更為克制。這類數據成為市場逐漸成熟的論據——但也值得注意的是,歷史上每逢比特幣接近上緣區帶,隨之而來的都是降溫修正。 彩虹圖創作者強調這只是有趣的視覺化工具,並非預測水晶球,但它能直觀比對每個週期極端的程度。

比特幣「彩虹」價格圖展現過往多空週期,紅色代表泡沫區。特別的是,比特幣在2013及2017年高點進入紅色區域,2021年則相對較低,而2024–25年當下(圖表最右側)的行情尚未達到那種狂熱水準。部分人士因此推測本輪市場的成長更可持續,而非單純爆頂。只是如同所有歷史模式,時間才會證明是否有新的高點最終會挑戰這些極限。

歷史顯示,每次加密牛市最終都會遭遇現實檢驗。有趣的是,每次牛市中都可聽見「這次真的不一樣」的聲音——等同於「超級週期」論調——卻總是被後來的熊市打臉。如Cointelegraph的分析回顧,每一個主要週期,總有「永久新典範」的市場敘事:2013–14年相信全球普及與取代法幣能讓比特幣長升不墜;2017–18年許多人認為機構接受與區塊鏈主流化可以防止崩盤;2020–21年則認為科技巨頭和對沖基金進場能成市場底部支撐。然而,每一次「超級週期」的劇本最終都未兌現——週期結束總是以暴跌和長熊作收。特別戲劇性的例子是對沖基金Three Arrows Capital(3AC)在2021–22年的命運。3AC創辦人Su Zhu與Kyle Davies於2021年大力宣揚「超級週期」理論,聲稱這次加密將不會進入深度熊市,並調整其基金部位。然而當2022年市場轉弱,3AC激進賭注反噬——基金破產,崩潰更助長了整體市場的連鎖反應,市值腰斬。教訓是:將身家壓在永無止盡牛市的假設上可能導致毀滅。正如Cointelegraph冷調註解:「超級週期是一個非常危險的終身賭局。」

有了這些歷史前車之鑑,許多分析師仍持審慎態度。畢竟既然過去所有「這次真的不一樣」的主張都破滅了,要證明這一輪真的能打破常軌,仍需觀察。 不過,2025年產業樣貌和以往高點時已出現顯著變化。如果要評估「超級週期」是否真的來臨,必須仔細檢視當前行情動能以及和過往週期的異同。

2024–2025:動態轉變下的新一波浪潮

截至2025年中旬,加密貨幣再次昂首向前。比特幣不僅從2022年崩盤中復原,還首度突破象徵性的十萬美元大關,創下新高。2025年7月,比特幣價格已超過十二萬美元,全球加密市場總市值也首度衝上四兆美元。有些指標顯示,如今的加密市場規模甚至超過2017與2021年的高峰,也比以往更深度融入主流金融系統。這波復甦有多項因素交織——而這些正是「這輪週期也許真的不一樣」的核心根據:

  • 機構與結構性需求:有別於2017年由散戶狂熱主導,2024–25年這波漲勢明顯受到機構資金推動,市場結構化更高。關鍵發展是主要市場推出現貨比特幣ETF。2024年底,多檔比特幣ETF陸續上市、或正在等待審批,包括全球最大資產管理公司旗下的基金。貝萊德BlackRock推出的iShares Bitcoin Trust(IBIT)尤其受到關注——上市數週內資金流入超過170億美元,養老基金、捐贈基金及資產管理業者終於找到易用、合規的比特幣投資管道。BTC Markets分析師Rachael Lucas表示,現貨比特幣ETF一度單日流入超過十億美元,到2025年中,ETF持有的比特幣已佔整體ETF市場價值的6%。「這不是投機泡沫,而是真正的結構性需求,」Lucas表示,強調大型投資人買入比特幣非為短線獲利,而是納入多元化組合長期持有。事實上,比特幣在主流投資人圈層的地位已提升——甚至部分曾經態度保留的機構也開始改變立場。BlackRock執行長Larry Fink在CNBC公開承認過去「看走眼」比特幣,如今視其為「數位黃金」及「有正當性的金融工具」,可作為對抗貨幣貶值的避險資產。華爾街領袖觀念轉變,足以象徵比特幣接受程度躍居新高。

  • 主流認可與政治順風:進一步強化信心的,還有政治監管環境的劇變,特別是在美國。2024年11月,唐納·川普於短暫離開政壇後意外重新當選美國總統,此舉被視為加密市場的重大激勵。川普曾對比特幣持懷疑態度,但此番重出江湖搖身一變成加密友善政客,宣稱要讓美國「成為世界加密之都」。他的勝選——以及支持加密的國會盟友——立即激勵市場情緒。事實上,美國大選前比特幣還在六萬美元左右,川普當選後數週內價格就翻倍,突破六位數。分析人士歸因於市場預期監管放鬆與友善政策。川普政府也快速展現對加密正面態度:提出打造美國比特幣戰略儲備計畫(類似黃金儲備),並任命支持加密的官員,如以親比特幣人士取代Gary Gensler出任SEC主席。有報導簡明總結,新政府「把原本的監管逆風變成產業順風」。連原本態度保守的基金經理都開始注意。澳洲AMP首席投資策略長Shane Oliver(管理數十億退休基金)表示,團隊已「無法再忽視」比特幣崛起,於2024年小幅配置,理由是「比特幣已經成為我們身邊金融宇宙的一部分……你沒辦法再視而不見」。Oliver雖然仍提醒加密須審慎風險管理Sure! Here’s your requested translation (en → zh-Hant-TW), with markdown links left un-translated as instructed:


由於波動性,不過他特別指出,隨著比特幣「逐漸被接受,它未來的上漲空間仍然很大」。簡而言之,比特幣從邊緣走向主流金融的旅程,在2025年比以往任何時候都更接近現實,這得益於過去週期所缺乏的政治合法性和監管明確性。

  • 宏觀經濟環境——超級循環的燃料?較寬廣的經濟背景也有利於比特幣作為價值儲存工具的敘事。為了對抗通膨,各國央行在2022年採取激進升息政策,到了2024年隨著全球增長放緩跡象轉向更寬鬆的立場。舉例來說,美國聯準會從2024年底開始降息。到2024年12月,自秋季以來,基準利率已累積下調100個基點(1個百分點)。投資人預期2025年還會進一步寬鬆。這些預期削弱了美元,並重新引發對通膨與貨幣貶值的擔憂——在這種情況下,比特幣憑藉其可驗證的有限供給,更適合作為抗通膨工具。Brave New Coin於2024年底分析指出:「對通膨的擔憂、美元走弱與聯準會降息預期讓比特幣的去中心化特性比以往任何時候都更具吸引力。」此外,同一份分析也引述了倫敦的宏觀投資者觀察到,全球降息週期本質上對風險資產整體有利。2025年比特幣的價格走勢顯示出對聯準會訊號的敏感度:一度在市場臆測即將降息下衝破106,000美元,當聯準會語調比市場預期略為鷹派時則短暫回檔。不過,貨幣政策的趨勢似乎明顯比2021年戳破牛市的收緊周期來得有利於比特幣。

  • 市場成熟化:波動性降低、流動性加深?2024-25年這波上漲的另一個顯著不同點在於市場上漲的特質。過往牛市,尤其2017年,波動劇烈且以散戶主導的「山寨幣季」為特點。到2025年,比特幣的上漲雖然陡峭,卻更加有序,且聚焦於比特幣本身。比特幣主導指數(衡量比特幣佔加密總市值的比例)創下多年來的新高,在2025年多時段超過50%,甚至觸及60%。這說明比特幣表現優於多數替代幣,顯示投機過剩主要集中在邊緣代幣,而不像2017年那樣小型幣種無差別暴漲。以太幣等大型幣同樣上漲,但疑似空殼小型幣或模仿幣的非理性熱潮則明顯較輕(不過迷因幣例外,後文將提及)。機構參與度提升,很可能帶來更深流動性,一定程度上緩解了極端波動。「機構參與與監管演進意味著波動性更低,極端高低點減少。比特幣市場正在成熟。」Brave New Coin如此觀察,並指出主權財富基金和退休基金等機構增加對加密部位的曝險。2024年底比特幣首次突破10萬美元時,分析師發現散戶的「FOMO」(害怕錯過情緒)實際上遠不如2017年強烈──許多散戶因前幾次暴跌更為謹慎,機構則穩步建倉。這樣的結構,有助於避免突然的爆頂,相反地支持更持久的漲勢。事實上,一些市場觀察者將這波漲勢的節奏解讀為超級循環的跡象:雖然有回檔,但幅度更淺,因持續性買盤帶動漲勢重啟。例如Alex Krüger認為比特幣正處於超級循環,將2025年初從約$110,000回落到$80,000–90,000區間視為健康的修正,而非長期熊市開端。(到2025年2月,比特幣自高點修正近20%,主要因部分獲利了結及宏觀波動,但很快穩定下來,與過往崩盤時迅速暴跌50%以上形成鮮明對比。)

  • 技術與網絡進步:雖然難以直接量化對價格的影響,持續的加密基礎建設與技術發展也讓2025年迥異於過往周期。比特幣網絡日益高效、強大,例如閃電網絡(Layer 2解決方案,提升交易速度與降低手續費)大幅擴展,讓比特幣更適合日常支付,解決了以往「比特幣太慢、太貴」無法小額支付的批評。更宏觀地看,經歷多次周期後,2025年的加密生態擁有了更健壯的交易所(在FTX崩盤後存活或新生者更重視透明和合規)、更佳的大戶託管解決方案,以及更多司法管轄區明確的監管規範。這些因素一起建構出加密不是僅僅「狂野西部賭場」而是真正新興資產類別、可長期存續。舉例來說,德國、泰國、和德州等地方甚至提出自己的比特幣儲備/金庫方案,數個美國州通過了加密相關法律。美國「比特幣儲備法」(由參議員 Cynthia Lummis 提案)在2017年堪稱天方夜譚,如今2025年已成真實提案,並逐漸受到討論與支持。這些進展支撐了本輪牛市基礎較以往堅實的觀點。

綜上,這些因素都為超級循環(supercycle)假說提供支持:加密市場或許已達到一定成熟度、整合度與廣泛支持,傳統的暴漲暴跌模式有機會平滑為更長期且可持續的增長階段。擁護者認為,未來雖然仍會出現修正,但底部確實升高且出現80%大崩跌的機率顯著降低。Castle Island Ventures的Nic Carter就曾表示,大型機構投資者的存在的確可以「限制下跌空間」,即使傳統周期理論認為2025年正該迎來修正。

然而,並非所有人都相信過往泡沫的幽靈已經消散。在樂觀氛圍之外,仍存在重大的警示訊號與懷疑觀點,認為2025年的榮景可能不過是「又一個泡沫」,重複歷史劇本。接下來要討論的,就是這些反面聲音,以求平衡判斷。

超級循環的跡象:本輪或許不同的理由

讓我們先總結指出本輪可能出現超級循環(即僅有溫和回檔的持久上升趨勢)的看漲指標:

  1. 史無前例的機構採用與長線持有(HODLing):在過去週期中,推高價格到極端的邊際買家往往是短線投機者。2024-25年,需求有更大比例來自持有多年期投資計畫的機構、企業乃至政府。這些參與者更有可能在波動中堅持持有(甚至逢低加碼),而不是集體恐慌賣出。例如截至2024年底,透過新推出的現貨ETF等管道,超過360億美元資金已流入加密市場。上市公司像MicroStrategy已累積龐大比特幣庫藏(其持有超過40萬顆比特幣),並公開表示將長期持有。主權財富基金也逐步涉足。如果一些國家財政部或央行開始分配比特幣(如「比特幣儲備法」討論的前景),這將成為一種結構性需求來源,是以往從未有過的。這種所謂「強手」持有者能為市場提供避險免於集體恐慌崩跌。投資組成確實已發生變化:產業分析經常引用的 Glassnode 數據顯示,比特幣長期地址持有佔比不斷提升,而交易所餘額(即準備交易的幣量)明顯下降——意即越來越多比特幣被冷錢包儲存、減少了隨時賣出的流動供給。理論上,更不流動的長期持有庫存,有助減輕任何市場崩跌。

  2. 基礎效用與採用曲線:每個周期,加密都吸引新用戶並拓展基礎建設,但批評者常指出實際用途與估值之間不符。然而到2025年,基本面支撐有明顯提升。支付用途雖未完全主流化,但正加速成長(閃電網絡的容量創新高)。主流金融機構正因應客戶需求建立加密服務,顯示真正的實用價值。甚至Web3及去中心化金融生態,2021年時仍高度投機,到2025年已出現部分用戶穩定、具實質收入的應用,像是存活於熱潮之後的去中心化交易所和 NFT 市集。全球2023年估約有4.2億人持有加密貨幣,且持續增加。更重要的是,部分發展中國家已依賴比特幣與穩定幣作日常支付與匯款(如拉美、非洲、東南亞某些地區),開始兌現加密的現實應用承諾。如果每枚幣的價值有實質的支付與儲蓄需求做基底(如數位黃金,也如弱勢貨幣經濟體的日常貨幣),比特幣價格就不再純粹是投機。荷蘭中央銀行研究員(van Oordt, 2024)發表的模型正式指出,只要加密貨幣的支付需求不為零,就有一個大於零的基本價值——意味著比特幣不是完全可能消失的鬱金香泡沫。該研究還提到,知名擁躉將比特幣視為「新興資產類別的旗艦」和「數位黃金」,反映其角色已日益被認可。隨著PayPal開放加密貨幣支付


(如需繼續翻譯PayPal開放部分後續內容,請隨時告知!)and countries like El Salvador using Bitcoin as legal tender (ongoing since 2021), the asset’s utility and network effects are arguably finally catching up with its price.
以及像薩爾瓦多等國家自 2021 年起將比特幣作為法定貨幣,這項資產的實用性與網絡效應可以說終於追趕上它的價格。

  1. Market Resilience and Smaller Corrections So Far: Through late 2024 and 2025, the crypto market has already weathered some tests that, in prior cycles, might have triggered bigger crashes. For example, when the Fed signaled fewer rate cuts than hoped in December 2024, Bitcoin pulled back a bit (roughly 5-10%) but quickly stabilized around $100k. Similarly, news of U.S.–China tech tension in early 2025 caused a risk-off ripple that knocked Bitcoin down nearly 20% from its peak, but it found support in the high-$80ks and resumed climbing within weeks. These 20% dips are notable because in crypto terms, they amounted to healthy corrections, not crashes. Contrast this with April–July 2021, when an unfavorable tweet by Elon Musk about Bitcoin’s energy usage plus regulatory fears in China led to a 50% plunge from $60k to $30k. The difference in 2025 is that buyers seem to step in more quickly. Deep-pocketed investors appear eager to accumulate on any sign of weakness, reflecting confidence in long-term prospects. “Stop comparing this cycle to prior cycles,” urged Alex Krüger, pointing out that conditions (like a pro-crypto U.S. government) have “never been so ideal” and could make this cycle behave differently. His supercycle thesis is that we’ll see pullbacks, but likely no prolonged bear market as in 2018 or 2022. If indeed Bitcoin continues to make new highs after each mid-cycle dip, that reinforces the supercycle case.

  2. 市場韌性與較小幅度的修正:到了 2024 年底及 2025 年,加密貨幣市場已經經歷了幾次測試——在前幾個週期中,這些測試本可能引發更大幅度的崩盤。例如,2024 年 12 月當聯準會宣布降息幅度不如預期時,比特幣出現了一定程度(約 5-10%)的回檔,但很快就在 10 萬美元附近穩住腳步。同樣,2025 年初美中科技緊張局勢的消息引發避險情緒,使比特幣自高點回落近 20%,但它在 8 萬多美元的價位獲得支撐,數週內又恢復漲勢。這類「20% 的回檔」特別值得注意,因為在加密貨幣領域,這些只是健康的修正,而非崩盤。這可對比 2021 年 4 月到 7 月,當時馬斯克發布關於比特幣能耗的負面推文以及中國的監管疑慮,導致比特幣從 6 萬美元暴跌至 3 萬美元,跌幅高達 50%。2025 年的不同之處在於,買家似乎進場更加迅速。資金雄厚的投資人對任何疲弱訊號都躍躍欲試,反映他們對長線發展的信心。Alex Krüger 甚至呼籲:「不要再把本輪週期和過去週期比較。」他指出,包括美國政府對加密友善等因素,使當下環境「前所未見地理想」,本輪週期有可能與以往不同。他的「超級週期」理論認為,市場會有修正,但不像 2018 或 2022 那種長期熊市。如果比特幣在每次中期回檔後都能創新高,這正好印證了超級週期論點。

  3. Comparisons to Gold and Other Supercycles: Some analysts draw parallels to past supercycles in other assets. For example, the 1970s gold market, which Krüger references, saw gold’s price explode after the U.S. came off the gold standard – going from $35/oz in 1971 to ~$850/oz by 1980 without ever returning to prior lows. That was driven by high inflation and a shift in how gold was valued (freely traded, investment demand unleashed). Bitcoin’s advocates say a similar re-rating could be happening now: Bitcoin is increasingly seen not as a fringe tech toy but as a core alternative asset, “digitizing gold” in Larry Fink’s words. If so, Bitcoin’s value could rise an order of magnitude (some targets range from $200k to even $500k or higher in the coming years) and then plateau at a higher equilibrium rather than collapsing. The concept of a commodity supercycle – typically used to describe multi-decade secular uptrends in commodities driven by structural demand (like oil or metals during China’s 2000s boom) – has been invoked for crypto by those who believe the world is on the cusp of broad blockchain adoption. In other words, crypto could be entering its equivalent of a long secular bull market. It’s a bold claim, but not impossible if one believes, for instance, that a significant portion of global finance and transactions will migrate to crypto networks over the next decade. Under that scenario, the 2020s might be seen in hindsight as the period where crypto transitioned from a high-volatility emerging technology to a mainstream backbone of the digital economy – in which case, the valuation would be expected to rise and stay elevated, not implode.

  4. 與黃金及其他超級週期的比較:有些分析師把比特幣目前的走勢,與其他資產過去的超級週期作對比。例如 Krüger 提到 1970 年代的黃金市場,在美國脫離金本位後,黃金價格從 1971 年每盎司 35 美元暴漲至 1980 年約 850 美元,並未回到過去的低點。這是由高通膨和黃金定價模式改變(自由交易、投資需求釋放)所推動。比特幣支持者認為,如今也正在發生類似的重估:比特幣逐漸不再被視為邊緣科技玩具,而是轉型為核心替代資產,正如 Larry Fink 所說是「數位化黃金」。如果是這樣,比特幣的價值未來幾年內可能再翻數倍(有目標價甚至喊到 20 萬或 50 萬美元以上),並於更高水平盤整,而非崩盤回落。商品超級週期的概念——原指結構性需求驅動下的商品長期上升(如中國 2000 年代推動的石油、金屬)——現今也被加密擁護者用來描述區塊鏈大規模採用的前夜。換句話說,加密貨幣或正邁向自己的長期牛市。這個說法大膽,但並非不可能;如果樂觀看待,未來十年全球大量金融與交易將遷移到加密網路。若果真如此,2020 年代將被回顧為加密貨幣從高波動的新興科技,晉身為數位經濟主流骨幹的時期——到時市值理應上升並維持高檔,而非崩潰。

  5. Risk Management and Regulatory Clarity: Finally, improvements in the market’s structure and oversight might reduce the kind of cascade failures seen in prior busts. In 2022, part of why the downturn became so vicious was the highly leveraged positions and opaque dealings of firms like FTX, 3AC, Celsius, etc. Many of those vulnerabilities have since been flushed out or mitigated. Regulators worldwide, from the U.S. to Europe to Asia, have been busy instituting clearer rules on crypto exchanges, stablecoin reserves, and more. The result by 2025 is that reputable exchanges have better risk controls, and egregious lending practices (like uncollateralized loans that were rampant in 2021) have diminished. The fact that crypto made it through 2023–24 without major exchange failures or hacks (at least none on the order of Mt. Gox or FTX) has increased trust. Meanwhile, on the regulatory front, the passage of some sensible legislation – e.g., a Stablecoin Act in the U.S. to ensure stablecoin issuers maintain reserves, and the EU’s comprehensive MiCA regulations – gives institutional investors greater confidence to engage with crypto. With less regulatory overhang, the market may not face abrupt clampdowns that could spook investors. Instead, the focus has shifted to integrating crypto into the existing financial system under proper supervision. All this suggests a less fragile market environment.

  6. 風險管理與監理明朗化:最後,市場結構與監管的改善或可減少先前崩盤時的連鎖失敗。2022 年之所以劇烈下跌,其一原因是 FTX、3AC、Celsius 等公司高槓桿與不透明操作造成了巨大漏洞。這類問題後來大多已被清理或弱化。全球各地監管機構(美國、歐洲、亞洲)近年不斷加強規範加密交易所、穩定幣準備金等領域。到 2025 年,正規交易所的風控水準明顯提升,像是 2021 年盛行的無擔保放貸等惡習已減少。2023–24 年間加密界未再出現如 Mt. Gox 或 FTX 等等級的大型交易所倒閉(至少沒有類似規模的),增加了市場信任。另外,包括美國通過穩定幣法案(要求穩定幣發行者必須維持儲備)、歐盟整體 MiCA 法規等新法上路,讓機構投資人參與加密貨幣變得更有信心。監理陰影減輕後,市場不必再擔心突如其來的鎮壓措施,反而能將重心放在如何將加密資產納入既有金融體系且妥善監督。這一切都暗示市場不再像以往那麼脆弱。

These factors paint an encouraging picture for the supercycle argument. Indeed, as of mid-2025, one could argue that many ingredients of the perfect bullish storm are present: monetary easing, political support, mainstream buy-in, technological maturity, and an expanding user base. If there were ever a time the four-year bust might not materialize as brutally, it would be now. It’s telling that even some who previously doubted crypto are conceding its staying power. Veteran strategist Shane Oliver, while still cautious, admitted that over time, with increasing acceptance, Bitcoin “probably has a lot more upside” despite its volatility. And Andrew Page, as noted, points out that Bitcoin doesn’t neatly fit the bubble template precisely because it keeps coming back stronger after each crash.
以上諸多因素,構建起「超級週期」主張的樂觀圖景。事實上,截至 2025 年年中,幾乎所有理想牛市的要素都已到位:貨幣寬鬆、政治支持、大眾接受度、技術成熟、用戶數不斷擴大。歷來四年一次的大幅崩跌這次若不發生,也正是現在。有趣的是,即使是先前質疑加密貨幣的人,也逐漸承認其生命力。老牌策略師 Shane Oliver 雖然仍然審慎,但也承認,隨著接受度提高,比特幣「潛在上漲空間仍大」,即便波動劇烈。而如前述的 Andrew Page,也指出比特幣之所以與傳統泡沫模式不同,正是因為它每次崩盤後都能更強勢地復甦。

However, prudent analysis demands examining the counter-arguments just as closely. For every bullish sign, skeptics can offer a rejoinder. Are there cracks beneath the surface of the 2025 rally? What elements of classic bubbles might still be present? In the spirit of balance, let’s explore the reasons this cycle could still turn out to be another bubble – one that may yet deflate in spectacular fashion.
然而,審慎的分析必須同時正視反方觀點。每一個看多跡象,都可能被質疑者提出反證。2025 年這波漲勢的表面下,是否藏有裂縫?經典泡沫的特徵是否依然存在?本著平衡立場,我們接下來就探討,本輪週期仍有可能只是另一場泡沫,甚至有機會以更戲劇性的方式破裂。

Warning Signs: Why It Could Be “Just Another Bubble”

警訊:為何這或許「仍只是一個泡沫」

Despite the many positive developments, a number of analysts and veteran investors urge caution. They argue that, supercycle or not, the crypto market in 2025 exhibits several hallmarks of a bubble – and that ignoring historical patterns could be dangerous. Here are the key reasons for skepticism:
儘管有這麼多正面發展,仍有不少分析師與老資歷投資人呼籲謹慎。他們認為,不論是否為超級週期,2025 年的加密市場仍展現出諸多泡沫特徵,輕忽歷史規律恐怕很危險。以下是主要的懷疑理由:

  1. Parabolic Price Action and Speculative Fever: The magnitude of crypto’s price increase in a relatively short time is, in itself, a potential red flag. Bitcoin roughly doubled in price within a span of a few months (from around $60k pre-election to $120k by mid-2025), and the total crypto market added trillions in value. Such explosive gains often indicate a degree of speculative excess, as investors chase momentum. Veteran market strategist Sean Callow noted that Bitcoin was “moving with a lot of speculative force” as it rocketed to new highs. “That sort of price action does worry me,” he said, warning that a rapid run-up driven by speculation can just as quickly reverse. Indeed, history shows that when everyone assumes the only direction is up, the stage is set for disappointment. Even within this cycle, there are mini-bubbles visible: memecoins and fringe tokens saw euphoric pumps in early 2025 reminiscent of past manias. For example, a so-called “Memecoin Supercycle” narrative took hold, with joke tokens like PEPE or even a newly launched “TrumpCoin” surging thousands of percent purely on social media hype. An educational post by OSL noted that these memecoin frenzies rely on “social media buzz,” have little intrinsic value or utility, and create an environment “ripe for speculative bubbles”. Such episodes, albeit in a corner of the market, echo the irrational exuberance of prior peaks (like the ICO craze of 2017, or the dogecoin rally of 2021). They suggest that investor psychology – fear of missing out (FOMO) and herd behavior – is still a powerful force pushing prices beyond sustainable levels. If large numbers of participants are buying not because of fundamental conviction but simply because prices are going up, that’s a classic bubble sign.

  2. 拋物線式的價格走勢與投機狂熱:在相對短時間內大幅飆漲,本身就是一個警訊。比特幣價格在幾個月內幾乎翻倍(選前約 6 萬美元,2025 年年中已達 12 萬美元),整體加密幣市值也激增數兆美元。如此爆炸性增長,往往意味著高度投機氛圍,投資人瘋狂追逐動能。老練的市場策略師 Sean Callow 指出,比特幣「充滿投機能量」一路衝高,「這樣的價格走勢讓我很擔憂」,他強調投機推動下的快速上漲也可能瞬間反轉。歷史證明,當所有人都認為只會漲時,失望往往就在轉角。即便在本輪週期內,仍不時見到「迷你泡沫」:2025 年初迷因幣及邊緣代幣也出現了狂熱性暴漲,讓人想起往年泡沫。像是所謂「迷因幣超級週期」成為話題,PEPE 這類玩笑代幣甚至新推出的「TrumpCoin」,純靠社群炒作暴漲數十倍。OSL 的教學貼文也指出,這些迷因幣熱潮幾乎只靠「社群聲量」,本身幾乎無內涵或實用價值,正是「滋生投機泡沫的沃土」。這些現象,即便只是市場一隅,也呼應歷年高點的非理性繁榮(如 2017 年 ICO 狂潮、2021 年狗狗幣飆漲)。這說明投資人心理——「錯失恐懼症」(FOMO)及羊群效應——依然有力地把價格推升到不合理的高點。如果絕大多數人買入,只因為價格在漲而非基本面信仰,那就是標準泡沫特徵。

  3. Leverage and Risky Behavior Haven’t Disappeared: While the crypto industry cleaned up some leverage after 2022, it would be a mistake to think leverage is gone. New forms of leverage and high-risk trading have emerged, just more out of sight. Decentralized finance (DeFi) protocols, for instance, allow people to take leveraged positions using crypto collateral – this can be less transparent and harder to quantify than the margin trading on big exchanges. There’s also the phenomenon of crypto derivatives: Bitcoin futures, options, and perpetual swap contracts are highly liquid and can amplify volatility. In fact, open interest in Bitcoin futures reached record highs in 2025, indicating that many traders are using derivatives to bet on price movements. Sudden market swings could trigger cascading liquidations in these instruments, exacerbating a downturn (as seen in previous mini-crashes). Some skeptics argue that despite talk of “institutional money,” a sizable portion of crypto volume is still driven by short-term traders and even whales manipulating markets. A spike to $120k and back to $100k, for example, could enrich leveraged longs who sold at the top and then reloaded lower, or conversely, trap latecomers. Volatility remains extremely high relative to traditional assets, underscoring that crypto prices can overshoot in both directions. When Jim Rogers – a renowned investor who’s seen countless market cycles – calls Bitcoin “a bubble that will eventually collapse” and says “I do not see any reality to the movement”, his perspective is rooted in an instinct that parabolic charts usually end badly. Rogers cautioned in early 2025 that Bitcoin’s rise “is going to hurt a lot of people” when it reverses. Such voices urge that gravity still exists, even if defied for longer than expected.

  4. 槓桿與風險行為仍未消失:即使 2022 年後產業有做些槓桿清理,認為高槓桿已消失也是一種誤解。新的槓桿與高風險交易型態,只是變得更難察覺。例如去中心化金融(DeFi)協議,允許用加密資產抵押來開槓桿倉位——這比大型交易所的保證金交易更不透明、更難量化。還有加密衍生品現象:比特幣期貨、選擇權與永續合約流通量極高,會加劇波動。事實上,2025 年比特幣期貨的未平倉量創新高,顯示大量交易者借助衍生品賭價格波動。市場突變時,這些品種會引發連鎖爆倉,加劇下跌(如以往多次迷你閃崩)。部分懷疑者指出,儘管外界談「機構資金」,其實仍有相當一部分交易量受短線投機者,甚至大鯨魚操縱。如果從 12 萬美元暴跌回 10 萬美元,頭部槓桿多單獲利出場、低價再度建倉,反而會坑殺後面進場者。和傳統資產相比,加密貨幣波動仍然極高,說明價格仍有超漲超跌之風險。歷經無數投資週期的知名投資人 Jim Rogers 就說比特幣「終究是一個會破裂的泡沫」,「我看不出這波漲勢有實際支撐」。Rogers 早在 2025 年警告,比特幣漲太快「最後會害慘很多人」。換句話說,重力法則終究會發生作用——即便這次似乎能撐更久。

  5. Macro and Liquidity Risks Linger: The supportive macro conditions could flip again. Inflation, for instance,

  6. 宏觀環境與流動性風險依然存在:眼下支持市場的宏觀條件,隨時可能轉向。例如通膨……is notoriously unpredictable. If price pressures surge or economic data forces central banks to tighten policy instead of loosen (for example, if the Fed pauses or reverses rate cuts due to renewed inflation concerns), the appeal of Bitcoin could wane and risk assets broadly might sell off. We saw a taste of this when the Fed in late 2024 was less dovish than hoped, which immediately knocked Bitcoin down a few percent. If by late 2025 inflation is still above targets, central bankers may turn hawkish, removing the punch bowl that’s helped fuel this rally. Additionally, liquidity from other sources could dry up: one must consider that 2020-2021’s bull run was significantly aided by massive fiscal stimulus and money supply growth (the “money printer go brrr” phenomenon Dan Held cited as a key supercycle factor). In 2025, we’re not in a pandemic stimulus environment; however, global liquidity has been rising partly due to China’s monetary easing and other factors. Should those dynamics change – say, if major economies decide to clamp down on excess liquidity or address asset bubbles – crypto could be directly impacted. Simply put, the crypto market still dances to the tune of global liquidity to a large extent. Any shock – a geopolitical crisis, a credit event in traditional markets, or even an internal crypto scare – could puncture confidence. It’s worth remembering that market sentiment can reverse faster than fundamentals. A speculative asset can fall 50% in a matter of weeks regardless of whether long-term fundamentals remain intact, purely because of a shift in mood or risk appetite. The bubble scenario is that something triggers a rush for the exits, and with so much paper wealth accumulated in a short time, that rush turns into an avalanche of selling.

眾所皆知,市場變化極難預測。若價格壓力再度湧現,或經濟數據迫使各央行緊縮而非寬鬆政策(例如聯準會因通膨疑慮暫停或逆轉降息),比特幣的吸引力將可能下降,廣泛風險資產也可能開始賣壓。我們在2024年底就見識過這一現象,當時聯準會沒有如市場預期般鴿派,導致比特幣即時下挫幾個百分點。若2025年底通膨仍高於目標,央行官員也許會轉為鷹派,收回那碗推動行情的「派對酒」。此外,其他來源的流動性也可能枯竭:必須考慮到2020-2021年牛市,很大程度來自龐大財政刺激和貨幣供給增加(Dan Held 引述的「印鈔機哄哄響」現象即是超級循環的關鍵要素之一)。2025年時,我們已不再處於疫情刺激環境;不過,全球流動性仍因中國放寬貨幣政策等因素而部分回升。若上述動能出現變化——例如主要經濟體決定緊縮流動性或處理資產泡沫——加密貨幣市場就會直接受到衝擊。簡而言之,加密貨幣市場目前仍在很大程度上跟隨全球流動性的節奏起舞。任何一場衝擊——無論是地緣政治危機、傳統市場的信貸事件,或是加密圈內部恐慌——都能直接打擊市場信心。記住,市場情緒逆轉的速度往往比基本面還快。即使長期基本面依舊完好,投機性資產也可能僅因市場情緒或風險偏好轉變,在短短幾週內暴跌50%。泡沫劇本則是某事件觸發投資者爭相出逃,短時間內積累的大量帳面財富,很可能立即演變成雪崩式賣壓。

  1. Recurring Narrative of “This Time Is Different”: As discussed earlier, every cycle has its rationalizations for why previous boom-bust patterns no longer apply. Seasoned traders often view the phrase “this time it’s different” as among the most expensive words in finance. The supercycle thesis, in their eyes, might just be the 2024-2025 version of that perennial optimism. The Cointelegraph analysis noted, almost wryly, that the concept of “this cycle being different” has surfaced in every past bull market – and each time, it was proven wrong when a bear market followed. That track record suggests skepticism is warranted toward the latest supercycle claims as well. Perhaps the names and details change – today it’s “ETFs and nation-state adoption” instead of “ICOs and institutional adoption” – but the end result could still be a bubble popping once the narrative exhausts itself. The fact that people like Su Zhu (of 3AC) and others got it so wrong in 2021 is a humbling reminder that even insiders drinking the Kool-Aid can misjudge market gravity. Now in 2025, we hear prominent figures saying similar things about endless growth. Certainly, conditions differ, but human nature in markets doesn’t. Greed and fear cycle eternally.

  2. 「這次不一樣」的反覆敘事:如前述,每一輪循環都會有人設法說服自己這次不會重蹈此前的繁榮-崩盤模式。老練交易員總認為,「這次不一樣」是金融史上最昂貴的一句話。在他們看來,超級循環理論或許只是2024-2025年版本的樂觀主義。Cointelegraph分析也幾乎帶點玩味地指出,「這一輪不一樣」的說法,其實每一波牛市都會出現——而每次最後都會被後續熊市證明是錯的。這個歷史紀錄說明,對於最新的超級循環說法仍應保有懷疑心態。也許名稱和細節都變了——現在熱門的是「ETF和國家採納」,而不是「ICO和機構進場」——但最終結果可能依然是敘事枯竭後,泡沫破裂。像Su Zhu(3AC創辦人)等人在2021年嚴重誤判,就是一個謹記:就連內部人也可能嚴重低估市場重力。現在到2025年,我們又聽到許多業界人士說着同樣的「無限增長」論調。當然,市場環境每次都不同,但人性不變——貪婪和恐懼永遠循環。

Skeptics also point to valuation concerns. While valuing crypto is tricky, one approach is to compare its market cap to the scale of problems it aims to solve or the adoption level. A $4 trillion market cap for crypto in 2025 begs the question: is the crypto economy, in terms of actual usage, anywhere near justifying that? For context, $4 trillion is roughly the size of Germany’s stock market or the GDP of a large country. Are crypto networks producing equivalent economic value? Some would argue not yet – much of that valuation is anticipatory. If that anticipated adoption or profit fails to materialize soon enough, valuations could be hit. Price-to-usage metrics (like market cap per active user or per transaction) are at very high levels for many cryptocurrencies, implying lofty expectations for future growth. That’s not inherently bad in a growth sector, but it is reminiscent of the dot-com bubble metrics, where companies were valued enormously relative to current users or revenues, under the assumption of eventual world-changing success. Many of those companies crashed when the growth outlook got adjusted to reality.

持懷疑態度的人也強調估值問題。雖然加密貨幣估值本就困難,但一種常見做法是將市值和加密貨幣企圖解決的問題規模或實際採用率相比。2025年加密貨幣市值若達4兆美元,換言之:全球加密經濟的實際運用真的有達到這個等級嗎?參考來說,4兆美元約等於德國的股票總市值,或者是一個大型國家的GDP。加密網路真的產出等量的經濟效益嗎?有人會說還不夠——這種高估值大多是預期性的。如果這種預期採用率或獲利短期內未實現,估值就會被修正。市值與用戶數、交易數的比率,目前對多數加密貨幣來說都處於極高水平,代表市場對未來成長報以極高期望。這不一定不合理,畢竟成長型產業本就如此,但它也像極了網路泡沫時代的估值方式——公司估值遠遠高於實際用戶或收入,假設未來會成功顛覆世界。很多公司在成長預期被現實調整後,股價都大幅崩盤。

  1. External and Regulatory Threats: While the regulatory environment is better than before, it’s not without risks. The U.S. crypto-friendly pivot could be reversed by a change in administration down the line or even by current policymakers if something goes awry (e.g., if a stablecoin implosion or major crypto-related fraud occurred, there could be public and political backlash). Globally, there are still major powers like China and India that maintain a hardline stance against unfettered crypto usage. Any severe action – like stricter enforcement on remaining offshore exchanges, or higher taxes on crypto gains (some countries have floated windfall taxes on crypto profits) – could puncture enthusiasm. Furthermore, one should consider technological risks: crypto is still a relatively young tech. What if a critical vulnerability or hack (beyond routine) occurred on a major blockchain? Or, looking further out, what if advances like quantum computing threaten cryptographic security? These are long-tail risks but feed into the uncertainty that typically keeps an asset from attaining “risk-free” status. In a bubble, such risks are often ignored by investors – until suddenly they aren’t, and everyone rushes to re-price the risk.

  2. 外部與監管威脅:雖然目前監管環境較以往友善,卻依然存在不少風險。美國當前友善於加密貨幣的政策,未來可能因政權輪替,甚至是現任決策者面對突發事件(如穩定幣爆雷或加密詐騙醜聞)而逆轉——屆時社會輿論與政策都有可能出現反撲。全球範圍來看,中國、印度等主要經濟體仍維持對加密貨幣嚴格限制。任何激烈行動——例如將剩餘海外交易所嚴格取締、提高加密貨幣資本利得稅(有些國家已提出暴利稅方案)——都可能澆熄市場熱情。此外,還需考慮技術風險:加密貨幣本質仍屬新興科技。假如主要鏈出現重大(非日常可控)漏洞或駭客事件?或更遠的未來,萬一量子電腦發展威脅到加密技術的安全性?這些屬於長尾風險,卻正是資產難以成為「無風險」避風港的重要因素。在泡沫期,這類風險常被投資人忽視——直到有天大家忽然意識到,全體便搶著重新與風險定價。

  3. The Wider Crypto Ecosystem’s Health: Bitcoin might be the star, but the crypto market’s stability also depends on key infrastructure and the health of other segments. The 2022 crisis taught us that even if Bitcoin itself chugs along, problems in crypto banks (lenders), exchanges, or stablecoins can drag the whole market down. In 2025, are we sure that, say, all stablecoins are fully stable? Tether (USDT), the largest stablecoin, remains somewhat opaque in its reserves, though it has operated without serious issue so far; any wobble there could cause panic due to Tether’s ubiquitous role in trading. DeFi protocols are another concern – they are still experimental and can be subject to exploits. A failure or loss of funds in a major DeFi platform could dent confidence broadly. And let’s not forget that altcoins beyond Bitcoin and Ethereum remain highly speculative. Many new tokens launched in 2023–25, especially in areas like metaverse or meme coins, could well approach near-zero if a downturn happens, just as thousands of ICO tokens did after 2018. If enough retail investors get burned on those, it could sour sentiment even on blue chips like Bitcoin, as happened before.

  4. 更廣泛的加密生態體系健康與否:比特幣或許是焦點明星,但整體市場穩定性也取決於核心基礎設施及其他板塊健康狀態。2022年危機讓我們明白,儘管比特幣本身沒問題,加密銀行(放貸機構)、交易所或穩定幣的出事,足以拖垮整個加密市場。2025年時,例如所有穩定幣真的都完全穩定嗎?最大穩定幣Tether(USDT)儲備仍有不透明之處,雖然目前運作尚稱正常,但考量Tether在交易中舉足輕重,若出現動盪仍可能引發市場恐慌。DeFi協議同樣堪慮——這些都還在實驗階段,易受攻擊。如果某主流DeFi平台出現資金損失,大眾信心都會受挫。而且別忘了,比特幣與以太坊之外的山寨幣,投機性依舊極高。2023-25年間發行的眾多新代幣,特別是元宇宙或迷因幣領域,如果市場轉熊,極有可能像2018後成千上萬的ICO代幣一樣,歸零甚至接近零價值。如果小白散戶在這些項目中損失慘重,市場氛圍也會像過去那樣波及藍籌如比特幣、以太坊。

Bringing these points together, the bearish view is essentially: Yes, the scenery changes, but the boom-bust cycle remains entrenched. The bigger they rise, the harder they fall. Every bubble has fundamental arguments that seem compelling (e.g., “the internet will revolutionize business” was true, yet dot-com stocks still crashed 90% in 2000 because they got ahead of themselves). Crypto’s transformative potential can be real, and still its market could overinflate and correct severely.

綜合以上各點,空方觀點實質上是:*沒錯,舞台與配角隨時代更迭,但景氣循環與泡沫繁榮-崩潰模式始終根深蒂固。*漲得越凶,崩得越慘。每個泡沫都有一套聽來合理的基本面邏輯(例如「網際網路將顛覆商業」本來就對,但眾多網路股2000年仍暴跌90%,因它們過於高估自我)。加密貨幣確實具備顛覆潛力,但市場還是可能嚴重膨脹,並迎來劇烈修正。

Sean Callow, the FX analyst, encapsulated this balanced skepticism by acknowledging Bitcoin is on “sounder footing” now with diverse investors which “potentially limit the downside,” but “no doubt, if the price starts falling it could get very ugly”. In other words, improvements in the market may soften the blow, but won’t prevent a rout if a bubble does burst. It’s also possible that even staunch crypto believers expect a big correction as part of the game – they just think it will eventually recover. For example, some traders openly talk about taking profits at cycle highs and buying back in after a 50% drop, treating it as almost a given. If enough market participants operate this way, it can become a self-fulfilling cycle: when valuations feel stretched or a certain date nears (like late 2025, roughly a year after the halving, which some anticipate as a top based on the 4-year rhythm), many will start selling, creating the very correction they expect. That dynamic could replay unless or until proven otherwise.

外匯分析師Sean Callow就曾用一句話概括這種審慎的態度:他承認比特幣現在基礎更穩固,投資者結構更分散,「可能降低下檔風險」,但「毋庸置疑,只要價格開始下跌,情況會非常醜陋」。換句話說,市場結構改進雖有助緩衝,但若泡沫真的破裂,還是無可避免迎來斷崖式下跌。事實上,連堅定的加密信仰者都覺得大幅修正只是遊戲規則之一——他們只相信後面還會再漲回來。例如,有些交易者就會在循環高點獲利出場,等跌五成再重新進場,幾乎當成理所當然。如果大部分市場參與者照這種邏輯操作,它又會成為自我實現的循環:當大家覺得估值已經過高,或某個臨界點(如2025年底、距離減半約一年,部分人根據4年週期將其視為頂點)臨近,賣方壓力就會出現,正好造就他們原本預期的修正。這種動能恐將一再上演,除非有明確證據能否證明現象轉變。

Lastly, the psychological factor cannot be understated. Crypto markets are heavily sentiment-driven. At $120k Bitcoin, a lot of optimism (and leverage) is arguably already priced in. If the majority of investors are bullish, the contrarian in traditional analysis would caution that the market might be ripe for a turn. And conversely, a true supercycle might only be evident in hindsight – it would mean climbing a “wall of worry,” not universal bullishness. So, seeing a robust debate (as we are doing here) is healthy. But if at any point you notice media and analysts in near-unison proclaiming a supercycle and dismissing the possibility of a crash, that could itself be a warning that euphoria is overtaking reason.

最後,心理因素不容忽視。加密市場極度依賴情緒。比特幣若達12萬美元,意謂著大量樂觀情緒(甚至槓桿)已反映進價格內。當市場多數人都看多時,傳統分析中逆勢者皆認為此刻反而可能醞釀轉折。反過來看,真正的超級循環,或許只有在回顧時才能确信——那會是一場「牆上攀登恐懼」,而非一致看漲。現階段看到正反兩派激烈爭論,其實是一種健康狀態。如果哪天媒體和分析師幾乎一致高喊超級循環且從不提崩盤可能,這本身就代表市場情緒可能已經高漲到失去理性警覺。

Conclusion: Supercycle or Bubble? A Bit of Both

結論:超級循環還是泡沫?其實兼而有之

Standing here in late 2025, with Bitcoin and crypto assets reaching heights once unimaginable, it’s clear that cryptocurrency has undergone an extraordinary journey. The question “supercycle or bubble?” doesn’t have a simple yes-or-no answer – and in fact, the evidence suggests elements of both. The current cycle has features that differentiate it from past booms, hinting at a market that is gradually maturing. At the same time, the DNA of volatility and speculative excess is very much alive in crypto, meaning sharp downturns cannot be ruled out.

站在2025年末,比特幣和各類加密資產來到過去難以想像的高點,可以確定的是,加密貨幣這一路走來經歷了非凡的旅程。「到底是超級循環還是泡沫?」這個問題其實沒有簡單的答案,事實上,各種證據都顯示兩者元素兼而有之。這次循環確實有一些區別於以往牛市的特質,顯示市場正在逐步成熟。可與此同時,加密貨幣的波動性與投機本質仍深植其基因中,這也意味著劇烈修正仍無法完全排除。

On the supercycle side of the ledger, we have compelling signs of secular adoption and integration into the global financial fabric. Bitcoin’s recognition as a legitimate asset by major institutions (from BlackRock to nation-states) provides a foundation that simply didn’t exist in 2017 or even 2021. Structural demand – long-term holders, ETFs, corporate treasuries – is stronger than ever. The industry’s infrastructure is more robust, and regulatory clarity has improved in key markets, reducing some tail risks. There’s a

在超級循環的論述下,我們看到持續性的採用與融入全球金融體系的明顯趨勢。比特幣被黑石(BlackRock)到各國政府等主流巨擘正式視為合格資產,這在2017甚至2021年根本難以想像。結構性需求——如長線持有者、ETF、企業財庫——比以往任何時刻都更強,業界基礎設施更為健全,關鍵市場的監管明確性亦有提升,減少不少黑天鵝風險。還有……(未完)real argument to be made that crypto is too intertwined with the broader economy now to “go to zero” or vanish in a puff of tulips. Even skeptics like Dr. Shane Oliver concede that over time, as acceptance grows, crypto’s trajectory points upward despite interim jolts. And indeed, each cycle’s lows have been higher than the last, suggesting a stair-step pattern of growing global value attribution to crypto assets. It’s conceivable that the infamous 80% drawdowns of the past may moderate to, say, 30-50% pullbacks – painful, yes, but not catastrophic for long-term believers. This would align with the “recurrent corrections, no deep winter” scenario that supercycle proponents envision.

的確有個合理的說法,認為加密貨幣現在與更廣泛的經濟體系糾纏得太深,已經不可能“歸零”或像郁金香泡沫那樣瞬間蒸發。即便是像Shane Oliver博士這樣的懷疑論者也承認,隨著大眾接受度的提升,加密貨幣的長期趨勢仍然向上,儘管中間會有震盪。事實上,每一輪循環的低點都比前一輪高,顯示出全球對加密資產價值認知的階梯式增長格局。有理由相信,以往那種名聲狼藉的80%跌幅,日後可能會收斂至30%至50%的回檔——雖然依然痛苦,但對長期信仰者來說不至於毀滅。這也正與超級循環擁護者所想像的“反覆修正、無深度寒冬”情境相符。

Yet, on the bubble side of the ledger, history’s echoes are loud. Every surge of this magnitude in any asset has eventually faced a reality check. Crypto’s culture still has a strong speculative streak – from meme coin crazes to leverage-fueled bets – which means the market can outrun itself. As much as things change, the core driver of bubbles is human psychology, and that hasn’t changed. Greed can flip to fear swiftly, and crypto’s high volatility means the unwinding, if it comes, can be violent. When veteran investors like Jim Rogers or economists like Nouriel Roubini look at Bitcoin’s meteoric rise, they see classic bubble behavior and warn that a day of reckoning awaits. It would be unwise to dismiss these warnings out of hand – after all, they’ve been right during previous busts, even if Bitcoin later recovered.

然而,從泡沫的角度來看,歷史的回聲依舊強烈。歷史上,任何資產規模如此驚人的飆漲,最終都會面臨現實檢驗。加密貨幣圈文化仍強烈帶有投機成分,從迷因幣狂潮到槓桿賭注,意謂著市場容易跑過頭。雖然萬物皆變,但泡沫的核心驅動力──人類心理──始終如一。貪婪可以瞬間轉為恐懼,而加密貨幣的高波動性也意味著一旦泡沫破裂,消退可能會異常猛烈。當投資老將Jim Rogers或經濟學家Nouriel Roubini看到比特幣急劇上漲,會認作經典泡沫現象,並警告清算日終將到來。輕率忽略這些警告並不明智——畢竟他們在過去的崩盤中多次言中,儘管比特幣其後又再復甦。

In many ways, crypto in 2025 might be straddling a transition: evolving from a purely speculative niche into a more established asset class, but not quite there yet. This means we could continue to see bubble-like cycles, but perhaps their character will shift. Maybe the crashes won’t be as deep, and maybe the baseline value will keep rising, reflecting growing adoption. In other words, one could argue that crypto has been experiencing a series of bubbles that nonetheless form part of a long-term supercycle of growth. Each bubble, when it bursts, has left the industry not in ruins, but rather at a higher plateau from which the next growth phase begins. Andrew Page’s observation encapsulates this well: “So it might be a bubble. But it would be the biggest, most prolonged, most unusual bubble in history”. Crypto might be a continual bubble that refuses to pop for good – deflating and re-inflating as it climbs the adoption curve.

某種程度上,2025年的加密貨幣或許正身處於一個過渡階段:從純粹投機的小眾領域,邁向較為成熟的資產類別,但尚未完全達陣。這意味著我們可能依舊會見到泡沫式的循環,但其性質或許會有所轉變。也許未來的崩跌不再那麼深,或基礎價值會持續上升,反映出採用率的成長。換言之,也可以說,加密貨幣一直在經歷一連串的泡沫,但這些泡沫反而構築出長期增長的超級循環。每次泡沫破裂後,產業並未毀滅,反而站上更高的平台,成為下一波成長的起點。Andrew Page的觀察很貼切:“也許這真的是個泡沫,但這將是歷史上最大、最持久、最特殊的泡沫。”加密貨幣也許是一個永遠不會徹底破裂的持續泡沫——隨著應用普及曲線的攀升,不斷縮水、再度膨脹。

For the average crypto investor or enthusiast reading this in 2025, what does this all mean? Firstly, it’s a reminder to stay level-headed. Unbiased analysis demands acknowledging both the transformative potential and the speculative dangers. Yes, we may be witnessing something unprecedented – perhaps a global financial paradigm shift – but that doesn’t confer immunity to market cycles. Tempering expectations is wise: hope for a supercycle, plan for a bubble. That means diversifying, managing risk, and not over-leveraging on the assumption that prices only go up.

對於2025年正在閱讀本文的一般加密投資人或熱情份子而言,這一切意味著什麼?首先是提醒我們要保持冷靜。客觀分析必須正視其顛覆性潛力與投機性風險並存。沒錯,我們可能正目睹前所未有的事物——或許是一場全球金融典範轉移——但這不代表能免疫於市場循環。調整預期才是明智之舉:可以期待超級循環,但要做好泡沫的準備。意思就是要分散投資、謹慎風控,別以為價格只會不停上漲而過度槓桿操作。

Secondly, understand that in a sense, declaring victory or defeat on the supercycle question might be premature. If the market continues upward for an unusually long period (say, no major crash for five or more years), then in hindsight we’d say a supercycle was in effect. If a brutal bear market strikes in 2026, then this was “just another cycle” after all. At the moment, we are in the middle of the story, and “only time will tell” is more than a cliché here – it’s fact. As Brave New Coin aptly put it after analyzing the bullish rainbow chart scenario: the pattern might play out, but only time will tell. In investing and markets, humility in the face of uncertainty is a virtue.

其次,我們也要明白,某種意義上,現在就對超級循環到底成敗下定論未免太早。如果市場異常長時間持續上行(比如五年或更久沒有大崩盤),那回頭看時我們會說這就是超級循環。如果2026年來個兇猛空頭市,那麼這終究只是“另一個循環”罷了。目前,我們正處於這個故事的中間階段,*「唯有時間能證明一切」*絕不只是老生常談,更是事實。《Brave New Coin》在分析彩虹牛市走勢圖情景時說得好:這模式也許會實現,但最終還是得看時間。面對投資與市場的不確定性,保持謙遜是一種美德。

In conclusion, the crypto market of 2025 stands at a crossroads of optimism and caution. It has matured impressively, battling its way into the portfolios of the global elite and the halls of power, suggesting a bright and perhaps more stable future. Yet, it also remains a young, sentiment-driven market where booms and busts are part of the DNA. Whether we are in a supercycle or a bubble is not an either/or verdict so much as a spectrum – and crypto might well occupy a middle ground. It’s a unique asset class that behaves like a bubble in the short term but has behaved like a revolutionary technology adoption story in the long term. As investors, journalists, and enthusiasts debate this very question, one thing is certain: crypto will continue to surprise us all. As the old saying (slightly adapted) goes, markets tend to do what hurts the most people. If most expect a bubble to burst, maybe the supercycle roars on longer than thought; if most buy into the supercycle narrative blindly, perhaps a harsh lesson awaits. The prudent path lies in staying informed, paying attention to the data (not just the hype), and preparing for multiple outcomes.

總結來說,2025年的加密市場正站在樂觀與謹慎的十字路口。它已展現出不俗的成熟度,奮力進入全球菁英投資組合與權力核心,預示著光明甚至或許更穩定的未來。然而,它同時仍是個年輕、情緒驅動的市場,漲跌循環根深蒂固。究竟我們身處超級循環還是泡沫,其實不是單選題,而更像是一條光譜——加密貨幣很可能正處於其中間地帶。這是一種短期如泡沫、長期卻如革命性技術採用歷程的獨特資產類別。當投資者、記者與愛好者們還在辯論此題時,有一件事可以確定:加密貨幣還會繼續帶來驚喜。正如一句老話(稍作改編)所說:*市場總愛做最讓人痛苦的事情。*如果大多數人都覺得泡沫會爆破,也許超級循環能更持久;如果大家盲目的相信超級循環,或許殘酷教訓就在前方。審慎之道在於隨時吸收新知,關注數據而非跟隨話題炒作,並做好各類可能情境的準備。

Crypto’s 2025 edition cycle is writing itself into history books either way. Supercycle or not, it has already defied many expectations – and in doing so, has solidified its place in the financial world. Bubble or no bubble, crypto is still here. The coming years will reveal the next twist in this remarkable story. For now, eyes are on the market’s next move: will it maintain altitude and prove the supercycle believers right, or will gravity remind us that what goes up fast can come down just as fast? The only honest answer: stay tuned, stay prudent, and don’t forget to buckle up. In crypto, the one cycle that’s guaranteed is the cycle of learning. Each turn of the market teaches new lessons – and 2025 is giving us a masterclass in both exuberance and caution.

無論結果如何,2025年加密市場的這一輪循環都已寫進歷史長河。無論是不是超級循環,它都已打破無數人的預期,並因此穩固了自己在金融界的地位。不論有無泡沫,加密貨幣依然屹立不搖。接下來的幾年將揭曉這部非凡故事的新篇章。目前,大家聚焦於市場的下一步:它會繼續維持高空、證實超級循環信徒的觀點,還是會被現實的重力提醒,凡事暴漲者終將暴跌?唯一誠實的答案:繼續關注,保持謹慎,千萬記得繫好安全帶。在加密圈,唯一保證不會中斷的循環就是學習循環。每一回市場轉折都帶來新課題——而2025正上演著一堂由狂熱與謹慎共同授課的大師班。

免責聲明與風險警告: 本文提供的資訊僅供教育與參考用途,並基於作者觀點,不構成財務、投資、法律或稅務建議。 加密貨幣資產具有高度波動性並伴隨高風險,包括可能損失全部或大部分投資金額。買賣或持有加密資產可能並不適合所有投資者。 本文中所表達的觀點僅代表作者立場,不代表 Yellow、其創辦人或管理層的官方政策或意見。 請務必自行進行充分研究(D.Y.O.R.),並在做出任何投資決策前諮詢持牌金融專業人士。
我們正處於比特幣超級循環,還是另一個加密貨幣泡沫? | Yellow.com