撒哈拉以南非洲已成為全球第三大加密貨幣增長最快區域,年增長達52%;拉丁美洲則以超高通膨與經濟需求推動達成42.5%增長。東南亞民眾基礎採用全球領先,全球加密採用排名前20國家中有7個來自此區,透過Web3實用應用(而非投機)徹底改變新興市場獲取金融服務、跨境支付與經濟機會的方式。
重點摘要:
- 採用領導者:亞太地區交易量年增長69%,拉丁美洲(63%)及撒哈拉以南非洲(52%)緊隨其後,遠超成熟市場
- 實際應用場景:匯款、抗通膨、行動支付整合和Play-to-Earn遊戲推動採用,超越投機
- 監管進程:2024-2025年,巴西、奈及利亞、南非、阿聯酋及菲律賓從實驗性監管邁向全面落實
- 經濟影響:2024年流入新興市場之加密價值逾4,000億美元,非洲交易中穩定幣佔43%
- 基礎設施缺口:仍有17億成人未擁有銀行帳戶,全球57%人口缺乏行動網絡,創造障礙與機會並存
經濟需求推動新興市場Web3採用遠甚於投機或投資。與以加密貨幣作為替代資產類別為主的已開發國家不同,新興市場以數位資產支撐基本金融服務,包括支付、儲蓄及跨境轉帳。
基礎設施的限制既帶來障礙,也成為Web3於發展中國家推動的動機。拉丁美洲多數國家行動電話普及率超過100%,而部分非洲農村地區網路接取率仍然有限,導致同一國內仍呈現採用差異。GSMA報告顯示,全球行動支付帳戶註冊已達21億,月活躍用戶達5.14億,為加密貨幣導入創造既有數位支付基礎。
貨幣波動主導了各地區加密採用模式。阿根廷2024年1月通膨高達254%,後降至106%,促使民眾大量採用穩定幣作為資產保值。委內瑞拉超級通膨自2018年百萬級改善至現今約337%,仍面臨巨大經濟壓力。尼日利亞奈拉於2024年2月創下歷史新低,8月通膨高達32.15%,使外幣計價穩定幣成為本幣儲蓄的吸引人替代方案。
匯款依賴使許多新興市場形成天然的加密採用通道。菲律賓每年接收僑匯383.4億美元(佔GDP 8.3%),墨西哥則以633億美元居全球首位。傳統跨國轉帳全球平均費用為6.35%,高於聯合國永續發展目標的3%,使替代支付管道極具經濟誘因。
全球仍有17億成人未擁銀行帳戶,這些群體多集中於新興市場。Web3技術憑藉行動優先應用有望提供金融接入。肯亞M-Pesa展現行動支付成功,其3,400萬用戶年處理金額相當於肯亞GDP的59%,顯示當地數位金融熟稔,促進加密採用。
新興市場監管環境高度多元,阿聯酋與南非建立領先框架,中國和孟加拉則較為保守或限制。據Atlantic Council追蹤,75國中45國已合法化加密貨幣,20國維持部分限制,10國全面禁令。如此政策拼圖為國際平台創造監管套利空間,也產生合規挑戰。
非洲:穩定幣推動金融普惠
撒哈拉以南非洲於2024年7月至2025年6月期間,區塊鏈交易總額突破2,050億美元,年增52%,成全球第三大加密增長區。尼日利亞主導區域採用,根據Chainalysis全球採用指數,十二個月內接受價值921億美元,全球排名第二。此為真正草根實用型使用,8%以上區域內轉帳低於1萬美元,高於全球平均6%。
經濟動因與應用場景
撒哈拉以南非洲所有加密貨幣交易中,穩定幣佔比高達43%,實用性遠超投資炒作。2023年7月至2024年6月,尼日利亞穩定幣交易量近220億美元;僅2024年第一季就有30億美元落在百萬美元以下的交易。Yellow Card服務20國報告顯示,99%交易涉及穩定幣,企業用以規避本幣波動風險。
跨境支付及匯款驅動非洲大幅採用。世界銀行資料顯示,2024年非洲接收匯款額922億美元,傳統匯款費用均值7.9%,高於全球6.35%。穩定幣匯款比傳統方式便宜約六成,為家庭帶來顯著國際轉帳成本節省。
行動支付整合提供加密貨幣天然入門基礎。肯亞M-Pesa服務3,400萬用戶,處理交易額佔國內GDP 59%;撒哈拉以南地區月活行動支付用戶達2.83億。高數位支付熟悉度使採用加密貨幣的門檻低於現金經濟型國家。
區域呈現顯著DeFi參與度,2024年尼日利亞吸納DeFi資產超過300億美元,全球去中心化金融採用領先。智能合約平台讓無法參與傳統銀行的人口也能獲得借貸、儲蓄、保險等金融服務。肯亞金融帳戶普及率達79%,主因即來自行動支付應用。
領先項目與政策進展
Yellow Card為非洲加密基礎設施代表,2024年10月獲Blockchain Capital領投A輪融資3,300萬美元,迄今處理交易已超過60億美元。該平台與Coinbase與PayPal子公司Xoom合作,業務重心從零售轉向B2B,提供API解決方案覆蓋20國。年交易量從2023年的13億美元翻倍至2024年的30億美元,展現商業規模化採用。
尼日利亞監管框架日趨成熟。總統Bola Ahmed Tinubu簽署2025年《投資與證券法》,正式將加密資產納入SEC監管,取代舊限令。但落地仍有挑戰,銀行即便合法化後仍對加密相關帳戶設限。截至2024年8月,僅Quidax與Busha兩家公司獲監管沙盒臨時執照。
南非以248家持牌加密業者領跑大陸監理。2024年金融行業行為主管機構將牌照分為第I類(諮詢)與第II類(投資管理)。主要持牌公司包括VALR、Luno、Yellow Card和Kotani Pay。2025年4月30日之前落實Travel Rule要求,展現對國際合規的承諾。
AZA Finance(原BitPesa)每月處理多國1,200萬筆交易、共籌資5,440萬美元,並獲南部非洲開發銀行注資。該公司總部在奈洛比,分公司遍佈拉各斯、倫敦、盧森堡、達喀爾和馬德里,專營B2B跨境支付與外匯。
案例分析與草根採用
奈日利亞學生展現加密資產用於國際學費支付的實用性。據TechCabal報導,一名叫Damilare的學生申請波蘭研究所時,利用非正式加密管道將奈拉匯給國外友人帳戶,繞過傳統銀行限制與高額手續費,展現年輕非洲人如何以加密貨幣應對國際支付障礙。
Yellow Card的轉型反映全非洲加密市場成熟。創辦人Chris Maurice於2017年創業,起因為遇到奈及利亞學生需支付90美元匯款費用才能寄錢回家。2024年11月《Bloomberg》報導,該平台目前服務20國超過3萬家企業,主以穩定幣處理交易,協助企業管理本幣波動。年交易量翻倍已顯示企業採用力道遠超個人匯款。
迦納普及率亦高,約有17%人口(300萬人)已持有或交易加密資產。大規模採用促使監管反應,2024年8月中央銀行公佈VASP草案,計劃2025年9月實施完整監管規範。
肯亞的接納情形結合 practical usage with regulatory development. The country ranks 28th globally in crypto adoption, receiving $4 billion in remittances during 2024 with 20% year-over-year growth in cryptocurrency adoption since 2022. Addition to the FATF grey list in March 2024 spurred regulatory action, with the National Treasury unveiling Draft National Policy on Virtual Assets and VASPs Bill in December 2024, targeting framework completion by April 2025.
實務應用配合監管發展。該國在全球加密貨幣採用排名第28位,於2024年收到40億美元的匯款,自2022年以來加密貨幣採用年增長率達20%。2024年3月被納入FATF灰名單後推動監管行動,國家財政部於2024年12月公布《虛擬資產與VASPs國家政策草案法案》,目標於2025年4月完成相關監管框架。
Uganda demonstrates regional expansion of major platforms despite limited specific regulatory developments. Yellow Card includes Uganda in expansion plans while the country follows broader East African regulatory trends, suggesting infrastructure development precedes comprehensive legal frameworks in many African markets.
烏干達在具體監管發展有限的情況下,仍展現主要平台的區域擴展。Yellow Card將烏干達納入擴展計畫,該國跟隨更廣泛的東非監管趨勢,顯示在許多非洲市場,基礎設施發展先於全面法律框架的建立。
Latin America: Inflation Hedge and Remittance Innovation
拉丁美洲:抗通膨避險與匯款創新
Latin America achieved 42.5% year-over-year growth in cryptocurrency adoption, making it the second-fastest growing region globally with $415 billion in received value between July 2023 and June 2024. Four countries rank among the top 20 globally for crypto adoption: Argentina (15th), Brazil (9th), Mexico (13th), and Venezuela (14th). Economic necessity drives adoption more than speculation, with hyperinflation, currency devaluation, and remittance costs creating practical demand for digital assets.
拉丁美洲加密貨幣採用年增率達42.5%,成為全球第二快增長區域,2023年7月至2024年6月間接收價值4,150億美元。四個國家躋身全球加密採用前20強:阿根廷(第15)、巴西(第9)、墨西哥(第13)與委內瑞拉(第14)。經濟需求(如惡性通膨、貨幣貶值、匯款成本)遠比投機需求更強,帶動對數位資產的實際需求。
Hyperinflation and currency crisis response
惡性通膨與貨幣危機因應
Argentina demonstrates crypto adoption driven by peso devaluation and inflation. The country received $91.1 billion in cryptocurrency value with stablecoins representing 61.8% of transactions as residents seek USD-denominated savings alternatives. Inflation peaked at 254% in January 2024 before declining to approximately 106%, while President Milei announced 50% peso devaluation in December 2023. Lemon Cash provides crypto debit cards enabling instant peso-to-dollar conversions for 2 million active users across 4,000+ services.
阿根廷的加密貨幣採用受披索貶值及通膨推動。該國累計收到價值911億美元的加密貨幣,其中穩定幣佔比61.8%,居民期望以美元計價存款替代方案。通膨於2024年1月達高峰254%,之後降至約106%;總統Milei於2023年12月宣佈披索一次性貶值50%。Lemon Cash 提供加密貨幣簽帳卡,2百萬用戶可於4,000多種服務中即時將披索兌換為美元消費。
Venezuela shows the highest regional growth at 110% year-over-year despite economic challenges. Stablecoins account for 34% of small retail transactions, with an estimated 16.3% of households using stablecoins daily for basic commerce. Hyperinflation reached over 1 million percent in 2018 and remains around 337% currently, making crypto adoption essential for economic survival. Universities offer blockchain courses while businesses from street vendors to major retailers accept cryptocurrency payments.
委內瑞拉儘管經濟困難,年增率高達110%,為區域最高。穩定幣佔小額零售交易34%,估計有16.3%的家庭每天用穩定幣進行日常採購。惡性通膨在2018年突破一百萬%,目前仍高達約337%,加密資產對經濟生存至關重要。大學開設區塊鏈課程,從攤販到大型商家皆接受加密貨幣支付。
Brazil leads institutional adoption with $90.3 billion in received value and 48.4% growth in institutional transactions between Q4 2023 and Q1 2024. Stablecoins represent 59.8% of transactions while the country shows strong DeFi engagement. BTG Pactual's Mynt platform drives institutional adoption alongside Brazil's comprehensive regulatory framework development and planned Digital Real (Drex) CBDC launch in 2025.
巴西在機構採用領域領先,累計收到903億美元,2023年第四季至2024年第一季機構交易年增48.4%。穩定幣佔59.8%,該國DeFi參與度高。BTG Pactual的Mynt平台帶動機構採用,同時巴西推動完善監管框架,並計畫於2025年發行數位巴西幣(Drex)CBDC。
Colombia achieved 6th fastest-growing crypto market status globally with $28.5 billion in value received. Stablecoins account for 66% of transactions, demonstrating similar inflation hedging patterns to regional neighbors. The regulatory framework remains under development following expiration of the Financial Superintendence sandbox program in December 2023.
哥倫比亞以285億美元收款,成為全球第六快成長的加密市場。穩定幣在交易中佔66%,展現與區域鄰國類似的抗通膨模式。自2023年12月金融管理局監理沙盒到期後,當地加密監管框架仍在制定中。
Remittance corridors and cross-border payments
匯款管道與跨境支付
Mexico leads global remittance volume with $63.3 billion received in 2024, creating natural cryptocurrency adoption incentives. Bitso processes approximately 10% of the Mexico-US corridor, equivalent to $4.3 billion in 2023, with transaction fees below 1% compared to traditional 6-10% costs. The exchange serves 9+ million users globally with 70% based in Mexico, partnering with 135,000+ convenience stores including 7-Eleven and Oxxo for cash-to-crypto conversion.
墨西哥在2024年接收633億美元匯款,居全球之冠,形成自然的加密貨幣採用誘因。Bitso處理約美墨匯款走廊10%交易,2023年達43億美元,手續費低於1%,遠低傳統匯款6-10%成本。該交易所服務全球900萬用戶,其中70%在墨西哥,並與超過13.5萬家便利店(包含7-Eleven、Oxxo)夥伴合作,提供現金兌加密服務。
Bitcoin dominates Mexican cryptocurrency portfolios at 53% average allocation, with XRP capturing 8% due to US-Mexico transfer optimization. Stablecoin adoption remains lower at 5% of portfolios compared to regional averages, suggesting preference for volatile assets over stability given relatively controlled inflation. Integration with payment platforms like PayBrokers and Félix Pago expands merchant acceptance.
比特幣佔墨西哥加密資產組合平均53%,XRP因美墨轉帳優化佔8%。穩定幣佔資產組合僅5%,較區域平均偏低,顯示在通膨尚可控下,偏好波動性資產多於穩定資產。PayBrokers、Félix Pago等支付平台融入後擴大商家接受度。
Venezuelan remittances totaled $5.4 billion in 2023 with cryptocurrency representing approximately 9% of total flows. This reflects the 25% emigration rate since 2014 as families abroad support relatives through stablecoin transfers. Crypto remittances provide faster, cheaper alternatives to traditional banking while circumventing government foreign exchange controls.
委內瑞拉2023年匯款總額54億美元,其中約9%透過加密貨幣進行。這反映自2014年來25%的人口移民,海外家屬主要透過穩定幣支持親屬生活。加密匯款更快更省,且可避開政府外匯管制。
Colombia demonstrates regional cryptocurrency payment infrastructure expansion with 1.5 million Colombians migrated to other Latin American countries creating intraregional remittance demand. Bitso Business provides B2B payment infrastructure while stablecoins facilitate cross-border transfers for populations with limited banking access in rural areas despite over 90% mobile penetration but under 60% banking inclusion.
哥倫比亞有150萬人外移至拉美各國,帶動區域內跨國匯款需求。Bitso Business 提供B2B支付基礎設施,穩定幣協助銀行服務欠缺的偏鄉地區居民進行國際匯款。僅管行動滲透率超過90%,金融包容度卻低於60%。
Regulatory framework evolution
監管框架演進
Brazil leads regional regulatory development with comprehensive virtual asset legislation enacted in December 2022 designating the Central Bank as primary regulator. Implementation originally scheduled for June 2024 experienced delays allowing additional consultation, with December 2024 consultation addressing foreign exchange rules including proposed bans on stablecoin transfers to unhosted wallets. The country became the first in Latin America to pass comprehensive crypto taxation effective January 2025.
巴西於2022年12月率先立法規範虛擬資產,指定中央銀行為主要監管機構。原定2024年6月實施,因補充諮詢延後,2024年12月諮詢重點為外匯規範,包括擬禁止穩定幣轉帳至非託管錢包。該國亦成為拉美首個通過全面加密貨幣稅法(2025年1月生效)國家。
Argentina enacted Law 27,739 in March 2024 establishing VASP regulation under the National Securities Commission (CNV). The framework covers five VASP categories requiring registration for entities processing over 35,000 UVA monthly volume (approximately $29,246). Implementation deadlines require individual registration by July 1, 2025 and legal entity registration by August 1, 2025, with capital requirements ranging from $35,000 to $150,000 depending on activities.
阿根廷於2024年3月通過第27,739號法,將VASPs納入國家證券委員會(CNV)監管。監管框架涵蓋五類VASPs,處理月成交量超過35,000 UVA(約29,246美元)的單位需登記。個人須於2025年7月1日前註冊,法人須於8月1日前申請,根據營業類型,資本門檻自35,000至150,000美元不等。
Mexico maintains restrictive approach through the National Banking and Securities Commission (CNBV) while developing a digital peso CBDC expected by late 2025. The Fintech Law requires reporting for transactions exceeding $2,700, but regulations remain underutilized for their potential. Mexico's Financial Action Task Force leadership starting July 2024 under Eliza de Anda Madrazo may influence regional policy coordination.
墨西哥由銀行及證券監管委員會(CNBV)維持相對嚴格監理,同時預計2025年底前發行數位披索CBDC。金融科技法規定超過2700美元交易須申報,但整體監管潛力仍未充分發揮。2024年7月起,Eliza de Anda Madrazo接任FATF主席,預計帶動區域政策協調。
Venezuela demonstrates inconsistent policy approaches with the terminated Petro state cryptocurrency experiment from 2018-2024, periodic Bitcoin mining crackdowns, and sanctions-related exchange restrictions. Current status shows unofficial tolerance for cryptocurrency usage alongside growing retail acceptance despite lack of comprehensive legal framework.
委內瑞拉政策反覆,2018-2024年結束Petro國家加密實驗,並不定期打擊比特幣挖礦及施行因制裁導致的交易所限制。目前雖無全面法律框架,但官方對加密貨幣使用採默許態度,零售端接受度穩步提升。
Case studies and local adoption stories
案例與在地採用故事
Argentine businesses utilize cryptocurrency for peso protection during currency devaluation. Small and medium enterprises immediately convert peso payments to USDT using platforms like Lemon Cash, avoiding overnight currency risk. During major devaluations, stablecoin trading volume exceeds $10 million monthly as businesses preserve purchasing power. Crypto debit cards enable instant spending in dollars following deregulation measures in 2025.
阿根廷企業利用加密貨幣對沖貨幣貶值風險。中小企業收款後即刻透過Lemon Cash等平台將披索轉為USDT,避免隔夜幣值貶損。大幅貶值期間,穩定幣交易月量超千萬美元,企業以此維持購買力。2025年放寬管制後,加密簽帳卡可即時以美元消費。
Venezuelan families demonstrate cryptocurrency adoption for crisis survival. CNBC reported in May 2019 on the Andreina Cordero family in Barquisimeto using GiveCrypto program stablecoin payments of $7 weekly to avoid malnutrition during hyperinflation. AirTM platform provided peso conversion while digital wallets offered safer storage than rapidly depreciating bolivar cash. Similar programs provided 65,000 healthcare workers with $100 monthly crypto assistance during COVID-19 compared to $3-5 monthly salaries in local currency.
委內瑞拉家庭以加密貨幣應對危機生存。CNBC於2019年5月報導Barquisimeto的Andreina Cordero家庭,靠GiveCrypto發放每週7美元穩定幣捐助,以避免惡性通膨導致營養不良。AirTM平台支援披索兌換,數位錢包比暴跌的玻利瓦爾紙鈔更安全。COVID-19期間,有6.5萬名醫護人員獲每月100美元加密幣救助,遠高於當地3-5美元的月薪。
Colombian remittance digitization utilizes cryptocurrency to serve migrant populations. With traditional remittance fees reaching 6-10% and banking exclusion in rural areas, families use Bitso Business B2B infrastructure for stablecoin transfers. Mobile-first approaches bypass traditional banking requirements while integrating with local payment systems. Transaction volume grew 70% in Colombia with stablecoins representing two-thirds of activity.
哥倫比亞匯款數位化,針對移民人口大量採用加密貨幣。傳統匯費高達6-10%,偏鄉金融排除嚴重,家庭多用Bitso Business B2B基礎設施進行穩定幣轉帳。行動優先策略可避開傳統銀行,並結合本地支付系統。當地相關交易成長70%,其中2/3為穩定幣。
Brazilian institutional crypto adoption accelerated through platforms like BTG Pactual's Mynt division serving corporate treasury needs. Companies utilize cryptocurrency for international payments while institutional DeFi participation grows significantly. The high Pix adoption rate of 99% provides infrastructure foundation for CBDC deployment expected in 2025.
巴西機構加密採用加速,BTG Pactual旗下Mynt部門協助企業財庫管理。公司採用加密貨幣做國際支付,機構參與DeFi明顯提升。Pix高達99%的普及率,為2025年CBDC推廣奠定基礎。
Bitso demonstrates successful regional platform scaling with users tripling to over 9 million in three years. Argentina showed 4x transaction volume growth while Mexico achieved 80%+ growth in user activity. Gibraltar Financial Services Commission licensing enables EU expansion while partnerships with XDC Network and Lightspark provide cross-border payment infrastructure.
Bitso展現區域平台擴張成效,三年用戶數翻三倍至900萬。阿根廷交易量成長四倍,墨西哥用戶活躍度提升逾80%。獲直布羅陀金融監理委員會核發執照後可拓展歐盟,與XDC Network、Lightspark合作部署跨境支付基礎建設。
Southeast Asia: Gaming, Remittances, and Mobile-First Adoption
東南亞:遊戲、匯款與行動優先採用
Southeast Asia dominates global cryptocurrency adoption rankings with seven of the top 20 countries in Chainalysis's index: Indonesia (3rd), Vietnam (5th), Philippines (8th), Thailand (16th), plus India, Pakistan, and Cambodia from the broader Central and Southern Asia and Oceania region. The region received over $750 billion in crypto asset inflows between July 2023 and June 2024, representing 16.6% of global value, driven by practical use cases including remittances, Play-to-Earn gaming, and DeFi adoption.
東南亞在全球加密貨幣採用排行中居於領先,《Chainalysis》前20強有七國來自該區:印尼(第3)、越南(第5)、菲律賓(第8)、泰國(第16),另包含印度、巴基斯坦、柬埔寨等南亞及大洋洲國家。2023年7月至2024年6月期間,該區加密資產流入超過7,500億美元,佔全球價值16.6%,驅動力來自匯款、邊玩邊賺遊戲及DeFi等實用場景。
Regional adoption patterns and economic drivers
區域採用模式與經濟驅動力
Indonesia achieved remarkable growth jumping from 7th to 3rd globally in crypto adoption rankings, receiving approximately $157.1 billion in cryptocurrency value during the measurement period. The country demonstrates 207.5% growth in 2023 with crypto transactions exceeding $30 billion (475.13 trillion rupiah) between January and October 2024, representing a 350% increase from the
印尼加密採用排名由全球第7躍升至第3,統計期間累計接受約1,571億美元加密貨幣流入。2023年成長率高達207.5%,2024年1-10月加密交易額超過300億美元(475.13兆印尼盾),較前期暴增350%。Here’s your translation to Traditional Chinese (Taiwan), with markdown links left untranslated per your instructions:
2023年同期。印尼銀行報告,截至2023年11月,印尼加密貨幣用戶達1,825萬人,每月交易額高達17.1兆印尼盾。
越南雖從2023年的全球第3下降至第5,仍保持強勁採用率,有1,700萬人持有價值超過1,000億美元的數位資產。該國在國際交易平台使用率全球排名第3,DeFi (去中心化金融) 參與度顯著,占地區交易量55.8%。工作資本管制促使越南人使用DeFi以規避傳統金融限制,2024年僑匯流入突破160億美元。
菲律賓持續展現加密貨幣採用力,全球排名第8,雖較2022年下滑(當時為第2名)。根據Consensys/YouGov調查,2023至2024年間,菲國加密持有率從45%上升至52%,為全球第二高。海外菲律賓勞工(OFW)匯款於2024年達383.4億美元,佔GDP8.3%,促進便宜國際轉帳的天然加密採用動力。
泰國採用程度穩定,全球排名第16,以完善監管架構允許數位資產交易,同時限制其作為支付工具。Bitkub交易所每日成交量達1.536億美元,備有14.7億美元儲備,證券交易委員會(SEC)則持續監管持牌數位資產業者。
Play-to-Earn 遊戲與數位經濟
菲律賓引領全球Play-to-Earn遊戲潮流,2022年Axie Infinity活躍玩家高峰時期占全球總玩家數超過40%。該時期玩家每月可賺8,000至10,000披索(約155至195美元),收入勝過最低工資工作。截至2024年3月,超過520個P2E遊戲公會營運,透過獎學金計畫以分利方式協助玩家獲取昂貴的NFT遊戲資產。
Axie Infinity在菲律賓下載量2021年突破2.9萬,從當年3月的1萬成長而來;當時疫情打擊傳統工作機會,推動該遊戲快速普及。新怡詩夏省卡巴納圖安市等地社群形成替代經濟生態,許多過去的廚師、三輪車司機與失業者從P2E遊戲中找到收入來源。
地區遊戲採用不只Axie Infinity,菲律賓19.9%加密網路流量流向遊戲和博弈平台。越南區塊鏈遊戲參與度持續上升,印尼有43.6%交易量發生於去中心化交易所,高於地區和全球平均。遊戲公會獎學金計畫擴大弱勢群體參與門檻。
2022年2月以後Smooth Love Potion(SLP)代幣價值暴跌99%,許多玩家不得不放棄遊戲,有些則背負創業借款債務。這說明P2E新興市場模式兼具潛力與高度波動風險。
行動支付整合與金融服務
地區行動支付普及為加密貨幣整合提供基礎。菲律賓的GCash與Maya Philippines推動數位錢包普及,超過110萬家商戶支持加密支付。根據2024監管認證,由Coins.ph發行、1:1掛鉤披索的PHPC穩定幣提升了OFW匯款效率。
新加坡Grab超級App展現先進加密整合,自2024年3月起可收比特幣、以太幣、XSGD、Circle USD與Tether。2024年第2季商家服務收到近10億美元加密支付,創近兩年新高,呈現東南亞已開發市場主流支付應用。
整個地區DeFi採用率超越全球,越南28.8%交易量來自去中心化金融應用。印尼43.6%去中心化交易所用量顯示進階用戶熟悉DeFi協議,「幣圈Degen」參與收益農場與質押人數顯著增長。
跨境支付效率推動採用,菲律賓傳統匯費高於全球平均。加密可為216萬名OFW提供更快、費用更低的國際匯款選擇。越南用戶也使用DeFi避開外匯資本管制。
監管發展與合規架構
菲律賓自2021年BSP第1108號通告起,建立VASP牌照制度,目前14家業者持牌,包括Maya Philippines與PDAX。2024年12月,因合規違規ETRANSS牌照遭取消,展現積極監管。2025年8月提出第421號法案,計畫提升監管框架。
印尼監管自2025年1月起由Bappebti(商品監管)移轉至OJK(證券監管),所有加密業者需先通過監管沙盒再申請完全牌照。現有8家取得完整Bappebti牌,27家待轉型申請審查。稅務評估正考慮將加密稅負減半以促進正規市場發展。
越南正建構全面監管架構,目標2025年底完成,基於2024年2月第194/QD-TTg號決定,指定由財政部主管。現行政策允許持有加密貨幣但自2017年起禁止其作為支付工具。政府積極研議風險控管與電子商務、IT產業發展的平衡框架。
泰國依據2018年數位資產業緊急法令,由SEC監理。2024年1月取消不動產與基礎建設掛鉤ICO投資上限,但維持支付使用限制。2024年8月沙盒計畫啟動,允許六種數位資產服務類別受控創新。
案例研究與社區影響
卡巴納圖安市遊戲社群展現Play-to-Earn經濟新機會與風險。TIME、CoinDesk、France24報導前廚師Samerson Orias以Axie Infinity每月獲利600美元,相較傳統就業僅80美元。社群成員如Dominic Lumabi靠每月8,000-10,000披索遊戲收益資助家人學費。Yield Guild Games為8,000+玩家提供獎學金,候補名單超過60,000人。
2022年2月SLP幣價崩跌99%重創遊戲社群,許多玩家放棄遊戲並因創業貸款而負債,說明加密經濟雖有成功典範但波動風險極高。
印尼機構級交易激增,顯示市場成熟。Pintu交易所總裁Barry Matthew Meyer表示,成長靠千禧與Z世代(投資人超過50%)追求新鮮感與快速獲利。專業交易占本地平台成交額43%,單筆1萬至百萬美元,反映對傳統股市嚴格上市要求的避開心理。
Coins.ph、Coinhako、Indodax與Bitkub聯手創建數位資產交易所聯盟,提升合規與標準。Coins.ph於2024年1月服務1,800萬用戶,TradeDesk交易量1.425億美元,但有80%帳戶為休眠,顯示教育與用戶活躍度課題。
地區匯款數位化依賴既有行動支付基礎推動加密採用。根據Visa 2024年報告,菲國75%數位匯款處理率,借力GCash與Maya Philippines推進加密整合。BSP計劃兩年內推動批發型CBDC政策,反映政府對數位支付革新的支持。
其他新興市場:MENA創新與監管理領導
中東與北非區域於2023年7月至2024年6月期間獲得加密貨幣價值3387億美元,全球排名第7,占全球交易量7.5%。該區呈現機構型採用模式,93%交易額高於1萬美元,顯著不同於其他新興市場的零售主導。阿聯酋、沙烏地阿拉伯與巴林的監管創新,對全球政策發展產生影響。
MENA區域領導與機構採用
阿聯酋據悉獲得340億美元加密資產,年增長42%,並通過虛擬資產監理局(VARA)建立全面監管架構。自2024年6月起僅許可持牌穩定幣支付,ADQ與第一阿布達比銀行預計於2025年4月推出迪拉姆穩定幣。ADGM 2024年資產管理規模年增245%,展現機構信心。
沙烏地阿拉伯全球成長最快,年增幅153%,接收471億美元加密價值。政策謹慎,將加密納為資產(非法定貨幣),銀行需經SAMA核准參與。2024年加入跨境CBDC質譜項目mBridge(聯合阿聯酋、中國、泰國與香港),展現數位貨幣創新決心。青年人口占比高達63%,驅動加密應用型態。
土耳其全球排名第11,總交易額達137【後文未完】billion received value, driven by high inflation exceeding 50% creating stablecoin demand for currency devaluation protection. Stablecoin usage reaches 55.2%, highest in the MENA region, reflecting practical utility for wealth preservation during economic instability.
高於50%的高通膨推動人民對穩定幣的需求,作為抵抗貨幣貶值的保護機制,因此收到了數十億資金流入。穩定幣使用率達到55.2%,為MENA(中東與北非)地區最高,顯示出穩定幣在經濟不穩時對於財富保值的實際效用。
Bahrain introduces pioneering Stablecoin Issuance and Offering Module in July 2025, becoming first Gulf state to provide comprehensive stablecoin regulatory framework. Early cryptocurrency exchange licensing to Rain demonstrates progressive policy approach supporting fintech innovation while maintaining compliance standards.
巴林於2025年7月推出創新性的穩定幣發行及發售模組,成為首個提供完整穩定幣監管框架的海灣國家。早期對Rain加密貨幣交易所的牌照發放,展現其支持金融科技創新的前瞻政策,同時堅持合規標準。
South Asian crypto leadership and challenges
南亞地區的加密領導力與挑戰
India maintains #1 global ranking in crypto adoption with perfect 1.00 score, preparing cryptocurrency discussion paper for June 2025 while RBI promotes Digital Rupee CBDC circulation reaching ₹10.16 billion ($122 million) by March 2025. Pilot programs serve 1.5 million users and 300,000 merchants across 26 cities with programmable CBDC applications for tenant farmers and direct transfer programs like Odisha's Subhadra Yojana.
印度以滿分1.00繼續穩居全球加密貨幣採用率第一,並規劃於2025年6月發布加密貨幣討論文件。印度央行(RBI)積極推動數位盧比CBDC流通,至2025年3月達到1,016億盧比(約1.22億美元)。試點計畫涵蓋26個城市,服務150萬用戶與30萬商戶,並應用可編程CBDC於佃農和如奧里薩邦Subhadra Yojana等直撥補助項目。
Pakistan establishes Pakistan Crypto Council in March 2025 with Binance co-founder Changpeng Zhao as strategic adviser, serving 20 million users with $20+ billion annual transaction volume. Legal status remains uncertain despite State Bank declaring cryptocurrency legal in May 2024, highlighting regulatory development challenges across the region.
巴基斯坦於2025年3月成立巴基斯坦加密協會,由幣安共同創辦人趙長鵬擔任策略顧問,服務2,000萬用戶,年度交易量突破200億美元。儘管中央銀行已於2024年5月宣布承認加密貨幣合法地位,相關法律地位依然不明確,凸顯區域監管發展的挑戰。
Bangladesh maintains cryptocurrency prohibition under Foreign Exchange Regulations Act 1947 and Money Laundering Prevention Act 2012, with active enforcement by Financial Intelligence Unit and cyber crime divisions. Underground activity continues through local platforms and P2P trading despite legal restrictions.
孟加拉國依1947年《外匯管制法》及2012年《防制洗錢法》持續禁止加密貨幣,由金融情報單位及網路犯罪部門積極執法。即使有法律限制,地下活動仍透過本地平台及點對點(P2P)交易持續進行。
Eastern Europe and DeFi innovation
東歐與DeFi創新
Eastern Europe ranks 4th globally with $499.14 billion received, representing 11% of global transaction volume and significant DeFi growth at $165.46 billion representing 33% of regional inflows. Ukraine ranks 6th globally despite war conditions, receiving $106.1 billion while developing EU-aligned regulatory frameworks for membership candidacy.
東歐地區接收資金總額4,991.4億美元,全球排名第4,佔全球交易量的11%。DeFi成長顯著,達1,654.6億美元,佔地區資金流入的33%。烏克蘭即使處於戰爭狀態,仍以1,061億美元收款位居全球第6,並發展與歐盟接軌的監管框架以申請會員資格。
Russia achieved 7th global ranking despite sanctions impacts, receiving $182.44 billion through local exchanges as international platforms restrict access. Both institutional and retail activity decline due to sanctions while users adapt to domestic alternatives.
俄羅斯儘管受制裁影響,透過本地交易所收取1,824.4億美元,全球排名第7。由於國際平台限制存取,機構及散戶活動均下滑,使用者轉向國內替代方案。
Hungary enacts Act VII of 2024 establishing comprehensive legal framework with 15% flat tax on crypto gains, while Belarus maintains first comprehensive Eastern European cryptocurrency legislation. Estonia's e-Residency program attracts crypto ventures through progressive digital economy policies.
匈牙利於2024年通過第七號法案,建立完整法律框架並對加密獲利徵收15%單一稅。白俄羅斯維持東歐首部完整加密貨幣法規。愛沙尼亞的電子居留計畫因進步的數位經濟政策,吸引眾多加密新創企業。
Pacific and Caribbean regulatory innovation
太平洋與加勒比地區的監管創新
Pacific Island nations receive IMF recommendations for CBDCs in countries with national currencies while supporting stablecoins in dollarized economies. Palau pioneers USD-backed "Kluk" stablecoin pilot on XRP Ledger with blockchain-based savings bond system prototypes developed in 2024. Digital residency program launches as world's first though adoption remains limited with 800 users.
太平洋島國獲IMF建議,擁有本國貨幣者發展CBDC,美元化經濟則支持穩定幣。帛琉率先於XRP Ledger推出與美元掛鉤的“Kluk”穩定幣試點,並於2024年開發區塊鏈儲蓄債券原型。同時啟動全球首個數位居留專案,但目前僅800名用戶,普及率尚低。
Marshall Islands develops SOV (Sovereign) cryptocurrency as legal tender alongside USD, becoming first nation to legally recognize DAOs while facing IMF concerns over financial stability risks. Vanuatu becomes first Pacific nation recognizing digital asset ownership through amended financial laws in July 2021.
馬紹爾群島發展SOV(主權幣)作為與美元並行的法定貨幣,成為全球首個法律承認DAO的國家,但亦因金融穩定風險而面臨IMF關切。萬那杜於2021年7月修訂金融法,首創太平洋地區將數位資產所有權入法。
Caribbean leadership emerges through Bahamas' DARE Act 2024 establishing comprehensive digital asset framework through Securities Commission oversight. Enhanced customer protection measures address post-FTX collapse concerns while maintaining innovation-friendly approach.
加勒比海地區以巴哈馬於2024年通過的DARE法案為領頭羊,由證監會負責全面數位資產監管,強化客戶保護機制以因應FTX倒閉後的疑慮,並兼顧創新友善氛圍。
Barbados completes first blockchain regulatory sandbox with Bitt Inc. over 8-month period in July 2020, later contracting for Eastern Caribbean CBDC pilot development. Citizenship by Investment programs indirectly accept crypto assets while maintaining no capital gains, wealth, or inheritance taxes.
巴貝多2020年7月與Bitt Inc.完成為期8個月的首個區塊鏈監理沙盒,隨後與其合作開發東加勒比CBDC試點。投資入籍計畫雖未直接收取加密資產,但實質允許其作為間接支付,並持續維持零資本利得稅、財產及遺產稅。
Cross-Cutting Themes: Infrastructure, Gaming, and Financial Innovation
跨領域主題:基礎建設、遊戲與金融創新
Remittances and cross-border payment transformation
匯款與跨境支付變革
Global remittance flows to developing countries reached $685 billion in 2024, exceeding foreign direct investment and official development assistance combined according to World Bank data. Traditional transfer costs average 6.35% for sending $200, far above UN Sustainable Development Goal target of 3%, while digital-only money transfer operators achieve 3.97% average costs. Cryptocurrency alternatives demonstrate 30-50% cost savings over traditional banking channels.
世界銀行資料顯示,2024年全球匯往發展中國家的匯款總額達到6,850億美元,超越外國直接投資與官方開發援助總和。傳統機構匯款200美元的平均成本為6.35%,遠高於聯合國永續發展目標(SDG)所訂3%的目標;而純數位轉帳業者平均費用為3.97%。加密貨幣等新興方案相比傳統銀行渠道,可節省30%至50%的成本。
Major remittance corridors show increasing cryptocurrency adoption with Mexico-US leading at $63.3 billion annually, Philippines receiving $38.34 billion, and African corridors totaling $92.2 billion. Bitso processes approximately 10% of Mexico-US transfers equivalent to $4.3 billion in 2023, while stablecoin remittances prove 60% cheaper for $200 transfers in Sub-Saharan Africa.
主要匯款通道的加密貨幣使用率持續增加,美墨每年匯款高達633億美元,菲律賓接收383.4億美元,非洲各通道加總高達922億美元。Bitso於2023年處理美墨之間約10%,即43億美元的匯款。非洲撒哈拉以南地區採用穩定幣匯款,轉帳200美元成本便宜60%。
Mobile money integration facilitates cryptocurrency adoption with 2.1 billion registered accounts processing $1.68 trillion annually according to GSMA 2024 data. Sub-Saharan Africa accounts for 53% of global accounts and 66% of transaction value, providing infrastructure foundation for crypto integration. Bank-to-mobile transfers reach $127 billion in 2024, exceeding mobile-to-bank transfers for the first time since 2019.
流動支付與加密貨幣的整合逐漸普及,GSMA 2024年數據顯示,全球登記帳戶達21億,年交易額高達1.68兆美元。撒哈拉以南非洲掌握全球53%帳戶與66%交易值,為加密貨幣接軌提供關鍵基礎。2024年銀行對手機轉帳首次自2019年以來突破1,270億美元,高於手機對銀行的轉帳額。
Speed advantages provide competitive benefits with cryptocurrency transfers completing in minutes versus 3-5 days for traditional correspondent banking. Cross-border data transfer regulations create compliance challenges, though 67% of Global Adoption Survey respondents report enabling KYC regulations supporting legitimate usage.
加密貨幣轉帳僅需數分鐘即可完成,相較傳統匯款需3-5天,具備明顯速度優勢。跨境資料傳輸規定帶來合規挑戰,儘管如此,全球採用調查中有67%受訪者執行KYC規定,協助促進正當用途。
Gaming economies and Play-to-Earn sustainability
遊戲經濟與Play-to-Earn(邊玩邊賺)模式的永續性
Play-to-Earn gaming market reached $2.7 billion in 2024 with projections to $26.59 billion by 2034 representing 25.7% compound annual growth rate. Broader blockchain gaming shows $8.5 billion current value expanding to $314.3 billion by 2030 with 67.6% CAGR. Asia-Pacific dominates adoption with Philippines achieving 32% NFT ownership versus global averages.
2024年,Play-to-Earn遊戲市場達到27億美元,預計到2034年將飆升至265.9億美元,年複合成長率為25.7%。更廣義的區塊鏈遊戲產業現值85億美元,預料到2030年將拓展至3,143億美元,年複合成長率高達67.6%。亞太地區領先全球,菲律賓NFT持有率32%,遠高於全球平均。
Axie Infinity revenue growth from $100,000 in January 2021 to $23 million by July 2021 demonstrates income generation potential, though Smooth Love Potion token declines of 99% from February 2022 peaks highlight sustainability challenges. Guild economics emerge through scholarship programs facilitating access for economically disadvantaged populations.
Axie Infinity營收自2021年1月的10萬美元躍升至7月的2,300萬美元,展現其獲利潛力。但Smooth Love Potion代幣自2022年2月高點暴跌99%,突顯持續性的困難。新興公會經濟學透過獎學金計畫,協助經濟弱勢人口參與。
Mobile gaming represents 38.6% of P2E market share, enabling smartphone-based participation in emerging markets with high mobile penetration but limited PC access. Token reward systems account for 42.8% of market activity while revenue diversification includes subscription plans, staking mechanisms, and advertising integration.
行動遊戲於P2E市場佔38.6%,在新興市場智慧型手機普及但PC滲透率低的情況下,促進以手機為主的參與模式。代幣獎勵系統貢獻42.8%市場活動,營收來源亦涵蓋訂閱制、質押機制與廣告導入。
Layer-2 scaling solutions become essential as Ethereum gas fees peaked at $50, making Polygon, Immutable X, and similar networks critical for affordable gameplay. AI and VR integration represents next-generation P2E development incorporating immersive technologies for enhanced user engagement.
當以太坊手續費高達50美元時,Layer-2擴容方案變得不可或缺,如Polygon、Immutable X等平台成為提供平價遊戲體驗的關鍵。AI與VR技術導入則代表P2E次世代發展,結合沉浸式科技提升用戶參與度。
NFTs and creator economy development
NFT與創作者經濟發展
Global NFT market achieved $36 billion in 2024 with $49 billion projected for 2025, representing significant creator economy opportunity within Goldman Sachs' estimated $500 billion total creator economy by 2027. Asia-Pacific accounts for 35% global market share with India, Vietnam, and Indonesia showing highest adoption rates beyond Philippines' 32% population ownership.
2024年全球NFT市場規模達到360億美元,預計2025年將增至490億美元。高盛預估到2027年整體創作者經濟規模達5,000億美元,NFT為其中重要機會。亞太地區佔有35%全球市場份額,印度、越南、印尼採用率僅次於菲律賓32%人口持有率。
Gaming NFTs generated $12.9 billion revenue in 2025 representing 25% of total trading volume, while art NFTs contributed $4.1 billion through digital galleries and independent artists. Music NFTs produced $520 million revenue from streaming-linked tokens while fashion NFTs achieved $890 million valuation in digital wearables.
2025年遊戲NFT創造129億美元收入,佔總成交量25%;藝術NFT則透過數位畫廊與獨立藝術家貢獻41億美元。音樂NFT透過串流相關代幣獲得5.2億美元,而時尚NFT作為數位穿戴商品估值達8.9億美元。
Platform development includes 112 active NFT marketplaces globally reflecting ecosystem diversification with integrated minting, royalty management, and community tools supporting micro-economies. Cross-chain solutions using LayerZero and Axelar reduce friction for multi-chain deployments enabling broader creator participation.
全球已有112個活躍NFT市場,體現生態多元,包含整合鑄造、權利金管理、社群工具等機能,支持微型經濟體。跨鏈解決方案如LayerZero、Axelar,降低多鏈部署門檻,促使更多創作者參與。
Regional NFT marketplaces serve local creator communities with appropriate payment methods and cultural content, while language localization expands access beyond English-speaking populations. Creator education programs develop technical skills for NFT production and marketing in emerging market contexts.
區域性NFT平台服務在地創作者社群,搭配適切支付方式與文化內容,本地語言支援也拓展非英語族群的參與。創作者教育方案針對新興市場,培養NFT製作與行銷技術能力。
Identity, humanitarian aid, and public goods
身分識別、人道援助與公共利益
UN agencies demonstrate blockchain implementation for humanitarian applications with UNHCR serving Ukrainian refugees through digital identity systems building financial inclusion alongside emergency aid. World Food Programme's Building Blocks platform achieved $67 million in coordination savings across 65+ aid organizations in Ukraine during 2024.
聯合國相關機構率先實踐區塊鏈於人道應用,例如聯合國難民署(UNHCR)為烏克蘭難民建立數位身分系統,聯同緊急援助推動金融普惠。2024年,世界糧食計畫署(WFP)的Building Blocks平台協助65個以上人道組織於烏克蘭協調節省6,700萬美元成本。
Digital identity applications serve 84,000 UN retirees across 190+ countries using blockchain and biometric verification, while ID2020 Alliance partnerships between Microsoft, Accenture, and UNHCR develop portable, persistent identity solutions. Child protection initiatives target 600+ million undocumented children through WIN and UNOPS blockchain-based identity programs.
區塊鏈結合生物辨識的數位身分應用服務聯合國逾190國的84,000名退休人員。ID2020聯盟攜手微軟、埃森哲與UNHCR發展可攜帶的永久身分解決方案。兒童保護專案則透過WIN及UNOPS區塊鏈身分計畫,針對6億名無證兒童提供服務。
Government pilot programs include UN-Habitat's goLandRegistry using LTO Network for property registration in South Asian urban settlements, while supply chain transparency applications track humanitarian resources from donors to field operations. Humanitarian cash transfers through Building Blocks serve 10,000+ Syrian refugees with over $1 million in verified transactions.
政府試點專案包括UN人居署的goLandRegistry,在南亞城市聚落透過LTO Network登記不動產。同時供應鏈透明化追蹤人道資源從捐贈端到現場運用。Building Blocks平台已為1萬多名敘利亞難民發放超過100萬美元經驗證的人道現金援助。
Privacy-preserving design enables anonymous transaction validation without exposing sensitive personal information, while decentralized control allows users to maintain data ownership through digital wallets. Interoperability standards support cross-platform identity 隱私強化設計保障可匿名驗證交易而不揭露個資,而去中心化操作讓用戶能以數位錢包維持資料所有權。互通性標準則助於跨平台身分整合。驗證難民的流動性與服務存取。
DAO 治理與社群組織
全球 DAO 生態系至 2024 年包含超過 13,000 個組織,管理 370 億美元的集體資產,有 1,110 萬個治理代幣持有者參與決策流程。國庫規模成長至 245 億美元,展現社群對去中心化治理模式穩定的投入。
治理創新不再侷限於單純的代幣權重投票,演進到二次方資助與聲譽基礎系統。Optimism 的 Token House 與 Citizen House 提供兩院制架構,在效率與代表性間取得平衡;Hypha 則以「DAO 3.0」模型整合模組化投票與領導權分配協定。
新興市場應用案例包括歐洲的協作型住宅試點,利用 DAO 進行資源配置與治理;而 Gitcoin 則促進社群主導的在地提案資助。在傳統機構基礎設施薄弱地區,DAO 架構讓草根協調變得可行。
法律認可層面上,美國特拉華州允許 DAO 以公司型態註冊並服務多達 99 名成員,日本也在推動 DAO 架構於公部門試點。大型企業採用方面,L'Oreal NYX 實施 DAO 治理來強化社群互動參與。
數據與指標:量化真實採用
區塊鏈鏈上交易分析與區域成長
Chainalysis 覆蓋 151 國並依 GDP 調整的數據顯示,亞太地區以 69% 年增長率領先,交易額由之前的 1.4 兆美元增至 2.36 兆美元。拉丁美洲成長 63%,次撒哈拉非洲則年增 52%,遠超已開發市場採用速度。
國家個案領先如印尼由全球第 7 躍升至第 3,2023 年接收 1,571 億美元,年增長達 207.5%。印度以 1.00 完美分數穩居全球第一,奈及利亞以 921 億美元居第二,充分反映草根實際使用,且 1 萬美元以下轉帳超過 8%。
DeFi 鎖倉總價值於 2025 年 7 月達 1,530 億美元,為 3 年新高,領先協議包含 Lido(348 億美元)、Aave(320~340 億美元)。Layer 2 擴展網路顯著成長,Arbitrum TVL 達 104 億美元,年增 70%;Optimism 自 23 億美元翻倍至 56 億美元。
穩定幣月交易額超越 1 兆美元,USDT 2025 年 1 月達到 1.14 兆美元月高峰,USDC 則在 2024 年 10 月單月處理 1.24~3.29 兆美元。穩定幣合計市值達 2,878.9 億美元,新興穩定幣如 EURC 月均成長 89%,2024 年 6 月至 2025 年市值由 4,700 萬美元增至 75 億美元。
開發者活躍度與生態成長
全球加密貨幣開發者活躍度月活 23,613 名,自 2015 年年化成長 39%,2024 年新增開發者 39,148 名。有兩年以上經驗的成熟開發者增長 27%,地理分布則大幅向新興市場轉移。
亞洲首次成為全球加密開發主導地區,佔比達 32%(2015 年為 13%);北美則從 44% 下降至 24%。印度占全球開發者 12%,非洲地區開發活動提升 6%。多鏈開發蔚為趨勢,34% 的開發者橫跨多條鏈發展。
Ethereum 保持各大洲第一大開發生態,Solana 首度成為全球第二且新開發者最愛,這是自 2016 年以來非以太坊鏈首度領先新手導入,反映生態多元化與創新力。
平台偏好依地區而異,新興市場更傾向低成本、在地優化的替代 Layer 1 網路。非洲、亞洲與拉美地區的教育計畫與開發者訓練營迅速擴增,推動技術能力提升。
行動端採用與錢包使用習慣
加密錢包下載量於 2024 年再度逼近 2021 年歷史高峰,主流錢包如 Coinbase、Blockchain.com、MetaMask、Trust 與 Binance 用戶成長持續。Bitget Wallet 於 2024 年 10 月用戶達 4,000 萬,半年翻倍,奈及利亞 Q3 成長 468%,印度同期達 191%。
各區域行動錢包增速展現新興市場領導地位,2024 年 Q3 非洲成長 413%、南亞增 126%、菲律賓增 102%、越南增 73%。Android 系統佔據主導地位,反映價格敏感市場的裝置選擇習慣。
全球行動錢包市場於 2024 年達 101.4 億美元,預計 2025 年達 128.5 億美元,2034 年增至 1,046.9 億美元,複合年增率 26.3%。亞太區 2024 年市佔 34%,熱錢包偏好維持 56%,高於冷錢包。
地理使用模式顯示 VPN 運用可能影響 Chainalysis 地點判斷,但考量數據樣本涵蓋數億筆交易與逾 130 億次網頁存取,實際影響有限。新興市場推行 mobile-first 策略,有效推動用戶獲取與留存。
投資流向與風險投資趨勢
Web3 創投於 2024 年前三季籌資 54 億美元,Q3 單季即 14 億美元。早期投資自 2023 年底持續增長,2024 年 3~4 月連續突破 1 億美元,分別完成 170 與 167 輪次。Web3 新創公司早期中位估值創新高達 2,500 萬美元,彰顯投資信心。
Web3 遊戲類新創佔高動能公司的 33%,2023 年僅為 14%;2024 年完成早期輪的 Web3/區塊鏈公司達 52 家,2023 年為 22 家。企業創投規模年增 20%,至 659 億美元,早期投資為主流。
區域資本分配顯著流向新興市場,鎖定區塊鏈與人工智慧交集。大型基金提高 Web3 基礎設施比重,更多專注特定地區與應用領域的新基金陸續出現。
新興市場新創多展現優異的營收成長與用戶指標,為區域 Web3 發展獲機構加持。非洲如 Yellow Card(3,300 萬美元 A 輪)、亞洲平台採用迅速提升,佐證區域投資可行性。
問卷數據與消費者採用指標
Consensys 全球 Web3 調查涵蓋 18 國 18,652 份樣本,2024 年全球加密知名度 93%(2023 年 92%),加密貨幣現有/曾持有者佔 42%。奈及利亞錢包持有率 84% 居冠,其次依序為南非(66%)、越南(60%)、菲律賓(54%)、印度(50%)。
Web3 相關活動皆年年提升,錢包用戶數增加 6 個百分點、DeFi 用戶增 4 點、NFT 收藏、區塊鏈遊戲、質押服務各增加 3 點。穩定幣採用尤為明顯,USDT 於阿根廷提升 8 點,印度提升 6 點。
Crypto.com 指 2024 年底全球持幣用戶達 6.59 億,相較 1 月成長 13%(5.83 億)。比特幣持有者 3.37 億(51.2% 市佔,增 13.1%)、以太坊持有者 1.42 億(21.7%,增 13.6%)。
成長最快的國家為印度、印尼、奈及利亞、美國、越南,肯亞從 2023 年第 32 名大幅躍升至 2024 年第 17 名。各區調查顯示新興市場主流平台的持幣普及率高於已開發國家。
障礙與風險:基礎設施、監管與用戶體驗
基礎設施限制與連線挑戰
全球網路普及率僅為 57%,根據 GSMA 2024 年移動網路連接報告,46 億人接觸行動網路。地區落差巨大,全球行動網速中位數從緬甸的 5.09 Mbps(12 個月內驟降 80%)到阿聯酋 441.89 Mbps。非洲城鄉 4G 覆蓋差異高達 4 倍。
成本障礙顯著阻礙採用;ITU 2022 年數據顯示,高所得經濟體入門行動寬頻僅佔月收入 0.5%,低所得國則高達 11.1%,新興與已開發市場可負擔性高達 21 倍差距。電網穩定性不佳也影響 Web3 持續接取,需依賴備援電源解決方案。
能源消耗問題影響新興市場採用,Bitcoin 挖礦年耗電 1,380 億度,占全球電量 0.5%;加密挖礦與基本服務爭奪有限資源,而 67% 運用化石能源,加劇基礎設施壓力。
技術複雜度造成用戶體驗障礙。加密素養評測顯示,美國用戶 96% 不及格,墨西哥與巴西達 99%;十六進位地址格式、Gas 費波動、多步驟驗證流程等皆為主要門檻。confuse new users while hardware requirements exceed capabilities of basic smartphones common in price-sensitive emerging markets.
讓新用戶感到困惑,同時硬體需求超過價格敏感的新興市場常見的入門智慧型手機性能。
Regulatory uncertainty and compliance challenges
監管不確定性與合規挑戰
Atlantic Council cryptocurrency regulation tracker covering 75 countries shows 45 with legal cryptocurrency status, 20 with partial bans, and 10 with general prohibition. Only 28 countries maintain comprehensive regulations covering taxation, AML/CFT compliance, consumer protection, and licensing requirements. Just 6 emerging markets implement all required regulatory frameworks.
大西洋理事會針對75個國家加密貨幣監管狀態的追蹤顯示,45國將加密貨幣視為合法,20國部分禁止,有10國全面禁止。僅有28個國家維持涵蓋稅務、反洗錢/反恐融資(AML/CFT)、消費者保護與執照要求等全面監管規範,而真正落實所有必要監管框架的新興市場僅有6國。
Complete cryptocurrency bans remain in China (comprehensive prohibition since 2021), Afghanistan (Taliban restrictions from 2022), and Bangladesh (central bank prohibition with fines and imprisonment). Partial restrictions affect India despite Supreme Court lifting 2020 ban, Egypt with central bank exchange limitations, and Nepal declaring cryptocurrency illegal while actively pursuing enforcement.
目前,中國(自2021年起全面禁止)、阿富汗(2022年起塔利班限制)、以及孟加拉(央行禁止並處以罰款及監禁)仍然維持對加密貨幣的全面禁令。印度儘管最高法院於2020年解除禁令,仍受到部分限制;埃及因央行有兌換限制,尼泊爾則宣告加密貨幣非法並積極執法。
Regulatory evolution shows Bolivia reversing 2014 ban in June 2024 to allow regulated financial institution processing, while Russia permits regulated cross-border transactions while banning domestic payments. European Union MiCA regulation full implementation in December 2024 requires EU subsidiaries for non-EU crypto firms creating compliance burdens.
監管趨勢變化如下:玻利維亞於2024年6月推翻2014年的禁令,允許受監管金融機構處理相關業務;俄羅斯則允許受監管的跨境交易但禁止境內支付。歐盟MiCA法規將於2024年12月全面實施,要求非歐盟加密公司必須設立歐盟子公司,帶來合規負擔。
Censorship risks include Myanmar's 80% internet speed decline affecting Web3 access, while Worldcoin faces bans in Kenya, Portugal, and Spain due to biometric data collection concerns. CBDC development raises surveillance and privacy implications while cross-border regulatory coordination through FATF creates implementation challenges.
審查風險方面,緬甸網速下降80%影響Web3存取,Worldcoin因生物辨識資料收集爭議在肯亞、葡萄牙和西班牙遭禁。中央銀行數位貨幣(CBDC)發展引發監控與隱私疑慮,而金融行動特別工作組織(FATF)推動的跨境監管協調則帶來落實困難。
Financial system barriers and user experience gaps
金融系統障礙與用戶體驗落差
Banking restrictions create significant fiat on/off-ramp challenges with crypto firms struggling to obtain traditional banking partnerships for payment rails. "De-banking" phenomena where banks refuse services to crypto businesses, combined with correspondent banking relationship requirements, limit geographic coverage for cryptocurrency conversion services.
銀行限制導致加密貨幣公司在獲取傳統銀行支付管道時面臨重大法幣出入金困難。「去銀行化」(de-banking)現象下,銀行拒絕為加密業務提供服務,加上代理銀行關係的要求,進一步限制加密貨幣兌換服務的地理覆蓋範圍。
Transak operates in 64 countries with 136 cryptocurrencies highlighting limited global infrastructure coverage, while many emerging markets lack sufficient fiat-to-crypto conversion options. Payment method limitations in regions without widespread credit card access or formal banking create additional barriers for user onboarding.
以Transak為例,僅在64國營運、支援136種加密貨幣,反映全球基礎設施覆蓋仍有限,許多新興市場仍缺乏足夠的法幣與加密貨幣兌換選項。沒有普及信用卡或正式銀行體系的地區,在支付方式上受限,進一步造成用戶註冊障礙。
KYC/AML requirements exclude users without formal identification documents while compliance costs disproportionately affect smaller operators serving emerging markets. Complex licensing requirements across multiple jurisdictions create regulatory arbitrage opportunities while limiting legitimate business development.
KYC/AML(了解你的用戶/反洗錢)規定使沒有正式身份證明文件的人無法參與,合規成本對小型新興市場業者特別沉重。跨多司法管轄區的複雜執照要求,造成監管套利機會,同時限制了正規業務發展。
Capital flow restrictions concern regulators with IMF warnings about widespread crypto adoption undermining monetary policy effectiveness. Foreign exchange controls limit crypto-to-fiat conversions while stablecoin growth creates potential capital outflows from local banking systems to advanced economy custodians managing reserves.
資本流動限制讓監管機構擔憂。國際貨幣基金組織(IMF)示警,廣泛採用加密貨幣將影響貨幣政策效力。外匯管制限制加密與法幣間的兌換,而穩定幣擴張則恐造成資本從本地銀行體系流向國際先進國家託管機構。
Security risks and fraud incidents
安全風險與詐騙事件
Cryptocurrency hacks in H1 2025 caused losses exceeding $1.6 billion with 2024 total illicit transactions reaching $40.9 billion globally. Centralized exchanges account for 71% of crypto platform breaches while phishing attacks comprise 48% of exchange breaches through social engineering methods. Private key compromises represent 43.8% of stolen cryptocurrency in 2024.
2025年上半年加密貨幣駭客事件造成損失超過16億美元,2024年全球非法交易總額達409億美元。中心化交易所占加密平台漏洞事件的71%,其中釣魚攻擊利用社交工程手法,占交易所漏洞的48%。私鑰外洩則佔2024年被盜加密貨幣的43.8%。
Major security incidents include WazirX India suffering $230 million theft from hot wallets in July 2024, while North Korean groups stole $1.34 billion representing 61% of total 2024 crypto thefts. Smart contract vulnerabilities account for 67% of DeFi losses in 2025 while cross-chain bridge exploits exceeded $520 million in stolen funds.
重大安全事件包括:印度WazirX於2024年7月從熱錢包被盜2.3億美元,北韓組織竊取了13.4億美元,占2024年加密盜竊總額的61%。2025年,智能合約漏洞導致DeFi損失佔67%,跨鏈橋漏洞造成超過5.2億美元被竊。
Consumer fraud reached $679 million in first half 2024 in United States alone according to FTC data, with investment scams comprising 46% of crypto-related fraud. "Pig butchering" operations target emerging market users through high-yield investment schemes while limited consumer protection exists compared to traditional banking deposit insurance.
根據美國聯邦貿易委員會(FTC)資料,僅2024年上半年,美國消費者詐騙損失就達6.79億美元,其中投資詐騙佔加密詐騙的46%。「殺豬盤」等高獲利投資詐騙鎖定新興市場用戶,加密貨幣相較傳統銀行存款保險,缺乏消費者保障。
If exchanges fail or funds are lost through user error, limited recourse exists for fund recovery while regulatory frameworks lag behind evolving fraud techniques. Self-custody challenges create security versus usability tensions with irreversible transactions meaning permanent loss from user mistakes.
若交易所倒閉或因用戶操作失誤導致資金遺失,幾乎難以追回,而監管框架往往跟不上詐騙手法演進。自主管理資產時,安全與易用性兩難,交易不可逆,使用者操作錯誤即造成永久損失。
Economic and Social Impact: Benefits, Harms, and Measurement Challenges
經濟與社會影響:效益、傷害與衡量難題
Documented economic benefits and financial inclusion
已記錄的經濟效益與金融普惠
Cryptocurrency adoption provides measurable economic benefits across emerging markets through reduced remittance costs, alternative income generation, and expanded financial access for unbanked populations. Remittance cost savings demonstrate 30-50% reductions compared to traditional banking channels, with stablecoin transfers proving 60% cheaper for $200 transactions in Sub-Saharan Africa compared to formal money transfer operators.
加密貨幣在新興市場帶來可衡量的經濟效益,包括降低匯款成本、提供替代性收入來源,以及擴大無銀行帳戶人口的金融接觸。研究顯示,相較於傳統銀行通道,匯款成本可降低30-50%,而在撒哈拉以南非洲,穩定幣轉帳200美元的費用比傳統匯款業者便宜60%。
Play-to-Earn gaming generates documented income for participants with Axie Infinity players in Philippines earning $155-$195 monthly during peak periods, exceeding minimum wage employment opportunities. Over 520 gaming guilds provide scholarship programs enabling broader participation, while NFT creator economies offer new revenue streams for artists and content creators in emerging markets.
Play-to-Earn(邊玩邊賺)遊戲為參與者帶來實質收入。例證包括菲律賓Axie Infinity玩家在高峰期月收入達155至195美元,高於當地最低工資,超過520個遊戲公會提供獎學金計畫擴大參與範圍,NFT創作經濟也為新興市場的藝術家和內容創作者開啟新收入管道。
Financial inclusion expands through mobile-first cryptocurrency applications serving 1.7 billion unbanked adults globally. Mobile money infrastructure with 2.1 billion registered accounts processing $1.68 trillion annually provides onboarding foundation for cryptocurrency adoption. Banking services integration shows 28% of transactions now "circulating" within digital ecosystems rather than requiring cash-out to traditional banking.
透過行動為主的加密貨幣應用,全球17億無銀行帳戶成年人可受惠。行動支付基礎建設擁有21億註冊帳戶,年處理金額達1.68兆美元,為加密貨幣普及奠定基礎。銀行服務整合後,28%的交易已於數位生態系循環,不必提現至傳統銀行。
Cross-border payment efficiency improves settlement speeds from 3-5 days for correspondent banking to minutes for cryptocurrency transfers. Small business payment integration enables direct international transactions without traditional banking relationships, while merchant acceptance grows through platforms like Grab processing nearly $1 billion in crypto payments during Q2 2024.
跨國支付效率提升,由傳統代理銀行3-5天結算縮短至加密貨幣轉帳僅需數分鐘。小型企業整合加密付款可直接進行國際交易,無需傳統銀行關係。Grab等平台2024年第二季處理近10億美元加密支付,商家接受度逐漸提高。
Quantified social and economic harms
量化的社會與經濟傷害
Economic risks include capital flight concerns with foreign-currency stablecoins creating outflows from local banking systems to advanced economy custodians. IMF analysis suggests widespread crypto adoption could undermine monetary policy effectiveness while circumventing capital flow management measures designed to maintain economic stability.
經濟風險包括穩定幣(以外幣計價)導致資本流失,資金自本地銀行體系流向先進經濟體。IMF分析指出,廣泛採用加密貨幣可能削弱貨幣政策成效,躲避維持經濟穩定的資本流動管理措施。
Market volatility creates economic instability risks with cryptocurrency price fluctuations redirecting capital from productive economic uses. Speculative bubbles can distort resource allocation while "Kimchi Premium" phenomena in South Korea demonstrate regional market manipulation affecting local economic conditions.
市場波動性帶來經濟不穩定,加密貨幣價格起伏將資本驅離生產性用途。投機泡沫會扭曲資源分配,「泡菜溢價」現象(韓國)展示區域市場操控對當地經濟的影響。
Environmental impacts include Bitcoin mining's 173.42 TWh annual consumption equivalent to ranking 27th globally if a country, while crypto mining and data centers account for 2% of global electricity use projected to reach 3.5% by 2027. Water footprint reached 1,600 gigalitres in 2021 while land equivalent to Netherlands/Switzerland/Denmark needed for carbon offset reforestation.
環境影響部分,比特幣挖礦年耗電173.42太瓦時,若視為國家將排名全球第27,挖礦與資料中心佔全球2%用電,預估2027年升至3.5%。2021年水足跡達1600億公升,碳補償造林所需土地相當於荷蘭、瑞士或丹麥國土。
Gaming economic sustainability challenges emerged with Smooth Love Potion token declining 99% from February 2022 peaks, forcing players to abandon gameplay and leaving some with debt from borrowed startup capital. Limited consumer protection compared to traditional employment creates income volatility risks for families depending on Play-to-Earn earnings.
遊戲經濟永續性問題浮現,Smooth Love Potion代幣自2022年2月高峰下跌99%,導致玩家棄玩,部分人甚至因借貸投入而負債。與傳統就業相比,消費者保護有限,導致依賴Play-to-Earn收入的家庭面臨收入不穩風險。
Gender gaps and social equity concerns
性別落差與社會公平疑慮
Digital divide issues disproportionately affect women in emerging markets with 70% of global internet users being male versus 65.7% female as of February 2025. Disparities prove more pronounced in Arab States and African regions where technology access barriers limit female participation in Web3 economic opportunities.
數位落差問題對新興市場的女性影響特別大,截至2025年2月,全球網路用戶中男性占70%、女性僅65.7%。在阿拉伯國家與非洲地區,科技可及性壁壘加劇女性參與Web3經濟機會的困難。
Web3 promises financial inclusion but requires significant technical and financial resources that may benefit already advantaged populations rather than closing digital divides. Risk exists of widening rather than narrowing economic inequality if cryptocurrency adoption concentrates among educated, urban, technologically literate populations.
Web3雖然承諾金融普惠,但所需的技術與財務資源高,可能讓原本具優勢族群受益,反而無法縮短數位落差。若加密貨幣主要集中在受過教育、都市、技術素養高的人群,有可能擴大而非縮小經濟不平等。
Education and digital literacy gaps affect sustainable adoption with fundamental blockchain concepts proving difficult for non-technical users. Language localization remains insufficient in many emerging market languages while educational resources primarily exist in English or major languages, excluding local language speakers from full participation.
教育與數位素養的落差影響永續採用,基礎區塊鏈概念對非技術用戶而言難以理解。許多新興市場語言的本地化資源不足,教育內容多存在於英語或幾大語言,導致本土語言用戶無法充分參與。
Security and usability trade-offs create particular challenges for less technically sophisticated users who may lack understanding of private key management, seed phrase security, and transaction irreversibility. Self-custody requirements contrast with traditional banking consumer protections while gender differences in risk tolerance may affect adoption patterns.
安全與便利性權衡上,對技術不熟悉用戶尤其困難,他們可能不了解私鑰管理、助記詞安全與交易不可逆原理。自主管理資產與傳統銀行消費者保護方式截然不同,性別在風險承受度上的差異也會影響採用趨勢。
Economic impact measurement and research gaps
經濟影響衡量與研究缺口
Quantitative impact assessment remains challenging due to pseudonymous blockchain transactions and limited academic research on cryptocurrency's economic effects in emerging markets. Survey data may contain cultural biases while self-reported information about cryptocurrency usage could overstate or understate actual adoption levels.
由於區塊鏈交易具偽名性,新興市場加密貨幣經濟效應的學術研究有限,定量影響評估十分困難。問卷數據可能存在文化偏誤,加密貨幣使用的自我陳述資料也可能高估或低估實際採用率。
World Bank and IMF studies provide frameworks for measuring financial inclusion impacts, though cryptocurrency-specific research lags behind adoption rates. Remittance cost comparisons show clear benefits though measurement challenges exist in documenting informal transfer mechanisms and total cost calculations including foreign exchange spreads.
世界銀行與IMF的研究提供金融普惠影響的衡量架構,但加密貨幣專屬研究落後於實際採用速度。匯款成本比較顯示明顯效益,但在紀錄非正式轉帳、計算匯率差額等總成本時,仍有衡量困難。
Income generation documentation focuses primarily on successful case studies whilesystematic analysis of failed adoption attempts or negative economic outcomes remains limited. Academic research institutions develop measurement frameworks though longitudinal studies require additional time for comprehensive impact assessment.
對於失敗採用嘗試或負面經濟結果的系統性分析仍相當有限。學術研究機構雖然開發了衡量框架,但縱向研究需更長時間才能全面評估影響。
Policy research needs include macroeconomic stability impacts, optimal regulatory frameworks balancing innovation with consumer protection, and international coordination mechanisms for cross-border cryptocurrency flows. Evidence-based policy development requires improved data collection and standardized measurement methodologies across different economic contexts.
政策研究需求包括對宏觀經濟穩定的影響、平衡創新與消費者保護的最佳監管架構,以及跨境加密貨幣流動的國際協調機制。以證據為本的政策發展需改善數據蒐集,並在不同經濟環境下建立標準化的衡量方法。
Policy Recommendations and Industry Outlook
Regulatory framework development priorities
Comprehensive regulatory clarity emerges as the most critical policy priority across emerging markets, with successful frameworks balancing innovation promotion, consumer protection, and financial stability. South Africa's 248 licensed crypto firms and Nigeria's Investment and Securities Act 2025 demonstrate viable approaches for legal recognition while maintaining oversight capabilities.
在新興市場,明確且全面的監管已成為最重要的政策優先事項,成功的框架則在鼓勵創新、消費者保護和金融穩定之間取得平衡。南非擁有248家持牌加密貨幣公司,尼日利亞的2025年《投資及證券法》則展現了在法律認可同時維持監督能力的可行做法。
International coordination through FATF Travel Rule implementation and FSB framework alignment shows progress with 85 of 117 jurisdictions enacting implementing legislation representing 73% coverage. However, only 1 jurisdiction (Bahamas) achieves full compliance with Recommendation 15, indicating continued need for technical assistance and capacity building programs.
透過FATF旅行規則的實施與FSB框架的協調,國際間的合作已有進展,目前117個司法管轄區中已有85個制定相關法規,涵蓋率達73%。然而,僅有巴哈馬一國完全符合第15號建議,顯示技術支援與能力建構計畫仍有持續需求。
Regulatory sandboxes prove effective for controlled innovation with successful programs in Nigeria's ARIP, Thailand's digital asset sandbox, and Indonesia's required OJK participation before full licensing. These programs enable learning for both regulators and industry participants while managing risks during framework development phases.
監管沙盒對於受控創新展現成效,例如尼日利亞ARIP、泰國的數位資產沙盒,以及印尼要求OJK參與的授權前機制。這類計畫使監管機構和產業各方皆能在框架規劃階段進行學習,同時管理潛在風險。
Cross-border regulatory harmonization requires enhanced information sharing and consistent policy approaches given cryptocurrency's inherently global nature. Regional cooperation initiatives like ASEAN payment integration and African continental frameworks could provide models for coordinated policy development across similar economic contexts.
鑑於加密貨幣天生具全球性,跨境監管整合需加強資訊共享與政策一致性。區域合作方案,如東協支付整合與非洲大陸框架,可為擁有類似經濟環境的國家提供協同政策發展的範例。
Infrastructure investment and development support
Reliable internet connectivity and power grid infrastructure represent foundational requirements for sustainable Web3 adoption across emerging markets. Development finance institutions should prioritize telecommunications infrastructure investments enabling mobile internet access for currently underserved populations.
穩定的網路連線與電力基礎建設是新興市場推動Web3永續應用的基本前提。開發性金融機構應優先投資於電信基礎建設,以提升弱勢地區的行動網路覆蓋率。
Educational programs and digital literacy initiatives prove essential for meaningful participation in Web3 economies beyond speculative trading. Technical education focusing on blockchain concepts, security practices, and practical applications could enhance adoption quality while reducing fraud vulnerability.
教育計畫與數位素養提升對於超越投機、真正參與Web3經濟至關重要。著重區塊鏈概念、安全實務與應用的技術教育,有助於提升導入品質並降低詐騙風險。
Mobile-first application development strategies align with emerging market smartphone penetration patterns and existing mobile money familiarity. Platform developers should prioritize Android compatibility, offline functionality, and local language support to maximize accessibility for target populations.
以「行動優先」為主的應用程式開發策略,呼應了新興市場智慧型手機普及及行動支付習慣。平台開發應以Android相容、離線功能及在地化語言支援為優先,提高對目標用戶群的可及性。
Public-private partnerships for digital identity infrastructure could leverage blockchain technology for humanitarian applications, government services, and financial inclusion initiatives. Pilot programs demonstrate potential for cross-sector collaboration while respecting privacy and data sovereignty concerns.
公私協力推動數位身分基礎建設,可利用區塊鏈技術應用於人道救援、政府服務與普惠金融。示範計畫展現跨部門合作潛力,同時兼顧隱私與資料主權。
Industry development and innovation support
User experience simplification through abstraction layers and improved interface design could reduce technical barriers preventing mainstream adoption. Wallet applications requiring minimal technical knowledge while maintaining security standards would enable broader participation across educational backgrounds.
透過抽象層與介面設計優化來簡化使用者體驗,可降低主流採用的技術門檻。即使缺乏專業知識,也能操作的安全錢包應用,將促進不同學歷者的廣泛參與。
Layer 2 scaling solutions and alternative blockchain networks offer cost-effective alternatives to high-fee environments that exclude small-value transactions common in emerging markets. Technical innovation should prioritize affordability and transaction speed optimization for practical daily use cases.
Layer 2擴容解決方案和替代區塊鏈網路,為高手續費環境提供經濟實惠的選擇,利於新興市場常見的小額交易。技術創新應以實用、低成本及高交易速度為優先。
Environmental sustainability considerations require shift toward proof-of-stake consensus mechanisms and renewable energy sources for cryptocurrency mining operations. Carbon offset programs and environmental impact disclosure could address concerns about ecological effects in emerging markets facing climate change challenges.
為回應環境永續,需推動加密貨幣礦業向權益證明(Proof-of-Stake)和再生能源轉型。碳抵換與環境影響揭露機制,可減輕氣候變遷下新興市場的生態疑慮。
Security standard development and implementation help protect users from fraud, hacking, and technical vulnerabilities while enabling legitimate innovation. Industry self-regulation initiatives could complement regulatory oversight through technical standards and best practice development.
建立並執行安全標準,保障用戶免於詐騙、駭客及技術漏洞,同時允許合法創新。產業自律機制可透過制定技術標準與最佳實務,輔助監管成效。
Investment and funding strategies
Venture capital allocation should prioritize startups addressing real utility needs in emerging markets rather than speculative applications popular in developed economies. Focus areas include remittances, financial inclusion, mobile money integration, and practical business payment solutions.
創投資金應優先支持解決新興市場實際需求的新創,而非追逐發達國家流行的投機應用。重點方向包含匯款、普惠金融、行動支付整合及實用商業支付方案。
Impact measurement frameworks enable better assessment of Web3 technology's development benefits versus potential harms. Investor due diligence should include social impact evaluation, environmental assessment, and regulatory compliance verification for emerging market investments.
衝擊衡量框架有助於評估Web3技術發展的利益與風險。投資人審查應涵蓋社會影響、環境評估及監管合規性之驗證,特別是在新興市場投資時。
Local ecosystem development through accelerator programs, technical education, and entrepreneur support could build sustainable Web3 industries in emerging markets. Regional hubs with appropriate regulatory frameworks could attract international investment while developing local talent and innovation capacity.
透過加速器、技術教育及創業支持來強化在地生態,能為新興市場建立可持續的Web3產業。設有合適監管架構的區域樞紐,既能吸引國際資金,也能孕育本地人才與創新能量。
Microfinance integration and small-scale lending products using blockchain technology could expand credit access for unbanked populations. DeFi protocols adapted for emerging market conditions might provide alternative financial services where traditional banking remains limited.
運用區塊鏈技術整合微型金融與小額貸款產品,有望擴大未受銀行服務人口的信貸機會。專為新興市場調整的DeFi協議,或可在傳統銀行體系不足處補足金融服務缺口。
Future Scenarios and Outlook
Bull case scenario (2025-2030)
Progressive regulatory frameworks proliferate across major emerging markets following successful models in South Africa, UAE, and Brazil, creating regulatory clarity that attracts institutional investment while protecting consumers. CBDC deployment reaches mainstream adoption with interoperability between national digital currencies facilitating efficient cross-border trade and remittances.
前瞻性的監管框架在南非、阿聯酋、巴西等成功案例帶動下,廣泛遍及各大新興市場,創造吸引機構投資並保障消費者的監管明確性。央行數位貨幣(CBDC)推廣至主流應用,各國數位貨幣可互通,有效促進跨境貿易與匯款。
Infrastructure investment delivers reliable mobile internet access to previously underserved populations while renewable energy adoption makes cryptocurrency mining economically viable across Africa and Asia. Mobile money platforms integrate seamlessly with cryptocurrency services, enabling smooth on/off-ramps through existing agent networks and digital wallet applications.
基礎設施投資使原本服務不足的族群也能可靠連網,再生能源普及則讓加密貨幣挖礦在非洲、亞洲具經濟可行性。行動支付平台與加密貨幣服務無縫整合,透過現有代理網絡和數位錢包提供便捷的進出金流。
User experience innovations abstract technical complexity while maintaining security, enabling mass adoption among non-technical populations through simplified interfaces and automated security features. Layer 2 scaling solutions reduce transaction costs to levels suitable for micro-payments and daily commerce in emerging markets.
使用者體驗創新將技術複雜性抽象化,同時維持安全,簡化介面與自動化安全機制讓非技術族群也能大規模採用。Layer 2擴容技術有效降低交易成本,適合新興市場的小額支付與日常商務。
Economic impact reaches significant scale with cryptocurrency remittances capturing 20%+ market share in major corridors, reducing costs for families while improving settlement speed. Play-to-Earn gaming and NFT creator economies provide sustainable income streams for millions of participants across developing countries.
加密貨幣匯款在主要管道市佔超過20%,降低家庭成本並加快清算速度。「邊玩邊賺」遊戲和NFT創作者經濟則為數百萬人帶來持續收入,促進發展中國家經濟多元化。
Base case scenario (2025-2030)
Moderate regulatory development continues with some emerging markets achieving comprehensive frameworks while others maintain restrictive approaches creating fragmented global landscape. Selective adoption accelerates in specific use cases like remittances and business payments while broader financial service integration remains limited.
監管發展屬於中度速度,部分新興市場完成全面框架,其他國家採取較為保守限制,導致全球格局分歧。某些應用如匯款和商業支付實現快速導入,但全面金融服務整合仍有限。
Infrastructure gaps persist in rural areas though urban centers achieve sufficient connectivity for Web3 adoption among educated populations. Mobile money integration advances incrementally with successful pilots expanding gradually rather than achieving rapid mainstream deployment.
偏鄉地區基礎設施仍有落差,雖然城市已可支援Web3於受過教育人口間普及。行動支付與Web3的整合逐步推進,示範計畫慢慢擴大,尚未全面普及化。
User experience improvements enable broader adoption among technically comfortable populations while barriers remain for older and less educated demographics. Security incidents continue affecting public confidence though improved platforms and education reduce fraud vulnerability over time.
使用者體驗提升使得技術門檻較低者更易導入,但高齡與低教育族群障礙未消除。安全事件持續影響公信力,所幸平台優化與教育有助於長期降低詐騙風險。
Economic impact grows through specific applications rather than comprehensive financial system transformation. Cryptocurrency captures meaningful remittance market share in select corridors while gaming and creator economies provide supplemental income for participants rather than replacing traditional employment.
經濟效益來自於特定應用,尚未帶來整體金融體系的根本轉變。加密貨幣在部分匯款主軸取得一定市占,「遊戲賺錢」和創作者經濟則成為補充性收入來源,未取代傳統就業。
Bear case scenario (2025-2030)
Regulatory crackdowns intensify across multiple major emerging markets following financial stability concerns, tax evasion investigations, or geopolitical tensions affecting cryptocurrency access. International coordination efforts fail due to competing national interests while fragmented approaches create compliance burdens limiting legitimate business development.
多數新興市場因金融穩定疑慮、逃稅調查或地緣政治升溫,對加密貨幣祭出更嚴監管。國際協調因國家利益衝突受阻,碎片化做法造成合規負擔,限制合法業務發展。
Infrastructure development stagnates due to economic downturns or political instability while energy grid limitations prevent reliable cryptocurrency access for large populations. Security incidents and fraud cases undermine public confidence while limited consumer protections discourage mainstream adoption.
經濟衰退或政治不穩使基礎建設停滯,電網限制也使大多數人無法穩定存取加密貨幣。安全事件與詐騙頻傳嚴重削弱信任,消費者保護不足阻礙主流普及。
Technical barriers persist with complex user experiences limiting adoption to technically sophisticated minorities while mobile money platforms resist cryptocurrency integration due to regulatory uncertainty or competitive concerns.
技術門檻未降低,複雜介面僅限技術少數族群採用,行動支付平台因監管或競爭疑慮排斥加密貨幣整合。
Economic benefits prove limited to speculation rather than sustainable utility while volatility creates economic instability concerns prompting government restrictions. Gaming and creator economies experience sustainability challenges while remittance adoption remains marginal
經濟效益僅止於投機,缺乏永續實用性,波動性再度引發經濟穩定擔憂並導致政府加強限制。遊戲和創作者經濟難以長期維繫,匯款應用普及率依然有限compared to traditional channels.
相比於傳統管道。
Key metrics and triggers to monitor
需監測的主要指標與觸發因素
Regulatory development indicators include comprehensive framework implementation across top 10 emerging markets, international coordination success through FATF compliance rates, and CBDC deployment reaching operational scale. Policy reversals, enforcement actions, or international sanctions could signal negative trajectory.
監管發展的指標包括:全球前十新興市場的全面性監管架構落實、透過FATF(反洗錢金融行動工作組織)合規率體現國際協調成效,以及央行數位貨幣(CBDC)推廣至營運規模。若出現政策反轉、執法行動或國際制裁,可能預示負面發展趨勢。
Infrastructure metrics encompass mobile internet penetration rates, average connection speeds in emerging markets, and power grid reliability measures. Achievement of 80%+ smartphone penetration with adequate connectivity enables mainstream adoption while infrastructure decline limits growth potential.
基礎建設指標涵蓋行動網路普及率、新興市場的平均連接速度,以及電網穩定度等衡量標準。智慧型手機普及率若超過80%且連線品質充足,將促進主流採用;相反,基礎設施惡化則會限制成長潛力。
Adoption indicators include transaction volume growth rates, active user metrics, and geographic distribution patterns. Sustained 50%+ year-over-year growth suggests continued expansion while declining usage could indicate market saturation or problem resolution through alternative means.
採用指標包含交易量成長率、活躍用戶數據與地理分布情形。若年成長率穩定超過50%,代表仍在持續擴張;反之,若使用率下滑,則可能意味著市場已飽和或已用其他方式解決原本問題。
Economic impact measures track remittance market share capture, documented income generation through gaming/creator economies, and financial inclusion expansion metrics. Achievement of 15%+ remittance market share or meaningful employment substitute effects would indicate significant economic transformation.
經濟影響的衡量包括匯款市場佔有率、遊戲及創作者經濟帶來的實際收入,以及金融包容性擴展的相關指標。若能取得15%以上的匯款市場或明顯提升就業機會,即顯示具體的經濟轉型。
Final thoughts
結論
Emerging markets demonstrate that Web3 adoption succeeds when addressing real economic needs rather than serving speculative investment demand. Sub-Saharan Africa's 52% growth, Latin America's 42.5% expansion, and Asia-Pacific's 69% transaction volume increase reflect practical utility for remittances, inflation hedging, financial inclusion, and income generation. Stablecoins representing 43% of African transactions, $400 billion in cryptocurrency value transferred to low- and middle-income countries, and documented cost savings of 30-50% over traditional payment rails provide evidence of genuine economic impact beyond speculative trading.
新興市場顯示Web3的採用在於解決實際經濟需求,而非僅服務投機性投資。非洲撒哈拉以南地區52%的成長、拉丁美洲42.5%的擴張及亞太地區交易量增長69%,都反映出Web3在匯款、對抗通膨、金融包容及創造收入上的實用價值。穩定幣佔非洲交易的43%、低中收入國家受匯總計4,000億美元加密貨幣轉移、以及相較傳統支付管道節省30-50%成本的紀錄,證明其真正的經濟影響已超越純投機交易。
The most compelling evidence comes from local case studies and on-the-ground reporting across multiple continents. Nigerian students using cryptocurrency for international education payments, Venezuelan families surviving hyperinflation through stablecoin aid programs, Filipino gaming communities generating income exceeding minimum wage, and African businesses processing billions in transactions through crypto-enabled platforms demonstrate Web3 technology's capacity to address fundamental economic challenges where traditional systems have failed.
最有說服力的例證來自多個洲的在地案例研究與實地報導。奈及利亞學生利用加密貨幣支付國外學費,委內瑞拉家庭透過穩定幣援助計畫抵抗惡性通膨,菲律賓遊戲社群創造超越基本工資的收入,非洲企業經由加密平台處理數十億美元交易,這些都展現Web3科技在傳統體系失效時,仍能解決根本經濟問題的能力。
However, significant barriers persist across infrastructure, regulation, user experience, and security dimensions that prevent broader adoption. Only 57% of global population accesses mobile internet, 1.7 billion adults remain unbanked, and technical complexity excludes non-technical users from meaningful participation. Regulatory uncertainty affects business development while security risks undermine confidence through documented losses exceeding $1.6 billion in H1 2025 alone.
然而,在基礎設施、監管、用戶體驗與資安方面仍有重大阻礙,限制更廣泛的採用。全球僅有57%人口能夠使用行動網路,仍有17億成年人無銀行賬戶,技術門檻讓非技術使用者難以參與。監管不確定性影響業務發展,而資安風險則因2025年上半年就已記錄超過16億美元損失而打擊市場信心。
Success requires coordinated efforts across technical innovation, regulatory development, infrastructure investment, and user education. Progressive frameworks in South Africa, UAE, and Brazil demonstrate viable policy approaches while maintaining consumer protection. Mobile-first platforms leveraging existing digital payment infrastructure show promise for scalable adoption. Layer 2 solutions and alternative networks address cost barriers enabling micro-transactions suitable for emerging market conditions.
成功推動Web3,需要在技術創新、監管發展、基礎建設投資及用戶教育等方面協同努力。南非、阿聯酋、以及巴西的進步監管框架展現既可行又能兼顧消費者保護的政策做法。「行動優先」的平台,結合現有數位支付基礎設施,為規模化採用帶來希望。Layer 2解決方案及替代網路可突破成本阻礙,讓微型交易更適合新興市場場景。
The evidence strongly suggests Web3 technologies will continue expanding across emerging markets driven by economic necessity rather than speculation, though the pace and sustainability depend on addressing fundamental infrastructure gaps, regulatory uncertainties, and user experience barriers that currently limit mainstream adoption to technically sophisticated urban populations.
種種證據強烈顯示,Web3技術在新興市場的發展將由經濟需求所驅動繼續擴張,而非純粹投機。然而,其發展的速度與可持續性,仍仰賴基礎建設缺口、監管不確定性及用戶體驗門檻這些核心問題的解決,否則主流採用只會停留於具備技術實力的都會人口之中。

